It has been stated that settled cathodoluminescent phosphor screens may have a limiting resolution of 60 Af at high voltage values of approximately 20 Aj.

This is used as a reference for comparing the ohmic heating and the electrical energy obtained from the measured current through the element and the measured voltage across the element.

The opening action is obtained when a capacitor, charged to high voltage, is suddenly discharged through the foil.

The purpose of the present study is to study the thermal conditions and to establish an energy balance for a transpiration cooled anode as well as the effect of blowing on the arc voltage.

Let us also assume the existence of only one class or type of service, all of which is supplied at the same voltage, phase, etc. to residential, commercial, and industrial customers.

In the system shown in Fig. 7-1, the accelerometer output is amplified and the resulting voltage is applied to the gyro output-axis torquer.

The turning is accomplished by applying voltage to the gyro torquers described above.

The current drawn by typical constant-voltage energy distribution systems is usually dictated by the power ( watts ) consumed by the system and the operating voltage.

so it follows that if the voltage is doubled and the power remains the same, the current will be halved .</ ref >

For example, in sound recording, fluctuations in air pressure ( that is to say, sound ) strike the diaphragm of a microphone which induces corresponding fluctuations in the current produced by a coil in an electromagnetic microphone, or the voltage produced by a condensor microphone.

The voltage or the current is said to be an " analog " of the sound.

Thus, an analog signal is one represented by a continuous stream of data, in this case along an electrical circuit in the form of voltage, current or charge changes ( compare with digital signals below ).

Internally the positively charged cations are flowing away from the anode ( even though it is negative and therefore would be expected to attract them, this is due to electrode potential relative to the electrolyte solution being different for the anode and cathode metal / electrolyte systems ); but, external to the cell in the circuit, electrons are being pushed out through the negative contact and thus through the circuit by the voltage potential as would be expected.

When a positive voltage is applied to anode of the diode from the circuit, more holes are able to be transferred to the depleted region, and this causes the diode to become conductive, allowing current to flow through the circuit.

A high voltage is applied across the anode and cathode, resulting in an ionization of the fill gas.

Digital ammeter designs use an analog to digital converter ( ADC ) to measure the voltage across the shunt resistor ; the digital display is calibrated to read the current through the shunt.

They must not be connected to a source of voltage ; they are designed for minimal burden, which refers to the voltage drop across the ammeter, which is typically a small fraction of a volt.

The voltage output from these anemometers is thus the result of some sort of circuit within the device trying to maintain the specific variable ( current, voltage or temperature ) constant.

When the system is idle, the CPU clocks itself down via lower bus multiplier and selects a lower voltage.

When a program demands more computational resources, the CPU quickly ( there is some latency ) returns to an intermediate or maximum speed with appropriate voltage to meet the demand.

Also, as Hall voltage is often on the order of millivolts, the output from this type of sensor cannot be used to directly drive actuators but instead must be amplified by a transistor-based circuit.

The alternating current signal produced by the flow of this charge is amplified and used as an analogue for the DC voltage applied to the capacitor.

The input current is allowed to flow into the high impedance grid, and the voltage so generated is vastly amplified in the anode ( plate ) circuit.

In receiving antennas, incoming radio waves are gathered and focused by the antenna's reflector on the feed horn, which converts them to a tiny radio frequency voltage which is amplified by the receiver.

With proper biasing, this voltage will be an amplified ( but inverted ) version of the AC voltage applied to the control grid, thus the tetrode can provide voltage gain.

In reception, an antenna intercepts some of the power of an electromagnetic wave in order to produce a tiny voltage at its terminals, that is applied to a receiver to be amplified.

The rate and direction of flowing air is measured by the cooling of one of two self-heating thermistors and the difference between the thermistor resistances will cause a voltage difference ; this is amplified and displayed to the pilot.

This voltage pulse is amplified and recorded by the processing electronics.

The filter's output is amplified and rectified, creating a DC voltage whenever the desired tone is present.

Originally, waveform monitors were entirely analog devices ; the incoming ( analog ) video signal was filtered and amplified, and the resulting voltage was used to drive the vertical axis of a cathode ray tube.

) The Earth battery, in general, generated power for early telegraph transmissions and formed part of a tuned circuit that amplified the signalling voltage over long distances.

A high voltage is applied to the silicon, and the current is amplified by being funneled along the tracks to the aluminum disk and is recorded for identification.

Any difference is amplified and used to control the regulation element in such a way as to reduce the voltage error.

Thus a voltage rise fed into the first stage becomes amplified and steepened at the same time.

For use with amplified Ti: sapphire lasers with pulse energies of about 1 mJ, the electrode gap can be increased to several centimeters with a bias voltage of up to 200 kV.

Thus, between about ± 0. 65 V of input, the output voltage is not a true replica or amplified version of the input, and we can see that as a " kink " in the output waveform near 0 V ( or where one transistor stops conducting and the other starts ).

The inherent resolution of a cathodoluminescent phosphor screen decreases with increasingly aggregate thickness ( with increasing anode voltage ), decreases with decreasing porosity ( thus the advantage of cathodophoretic phosphor deposition ) and might be impaired by the normally used aluminum mirror.

For this reason the examples given below are grouped by voltage level.

In this, some base signal ( e. g., a sinusoidal carrier wave ) has one of its properties modulated: amplitude modulation involves altering the amplitude of a sinusoidal voltage waveform by the source information, frequency modulation changes the frequency.

Expansion boards were made by Richmond Sound Design that allow their show control and sound design software to communicate with their custom hardware frames either by ribbon cable or fiber optic cable for long distances, allowing the Amiga to control up to eight million digitally controlled external audio, lighting, automation, relay and voltage control channels spread around a large theme park, for example.

Analog signal processing ( ASP ) then involves physically altering the continuous signal by changing the voltage or current or charge via various electrical means.

Processors are usually binned and selected to become a mobile processor by their ability run a given processor speed while supplied with a lower ( than desktop ) voltage.

As the ion will travel from the tip at voltage V < sub > 1 </ sub > to some nominal ground potential, the speed at which the ion is travelling can be estimated by the energy transferred into the ion during ( or near ) ionisation.

While the voltage level is above the DC rail current is supplied by the inductor.

Envelope Tracking designs are able to achieve efficiencies of up to 60 %, by modulating the supply voltage to the amplifier in line with the envelope of the signal.

Nearly all modern CPUs represent numbers in binary form, with each digit being represented by some two-valued physical quantity such as a " high " or " low " voltage.

A simple electric circuit, where current is represented by the letter i. The relationship between the voltage ( V ), resistance ( R ), and current ( I ) is V = IR ; this is known as Ohm's Law.

Electrical applications for mail include RF leakage testing and being worn as a faraday cage suit by tesla coil enthusiasts and high voltage electrical workers.

A is a low voltage power supply to heat cathode C ( a " cold cathode " was used by Crookes ).

The current in a beam of cathode rays through a tube can be controlled by passing it through a metal screen of wires ( a grid ) to which a small voltage is applied.

High speed beams of cathode rays can also be steered and manipulated by electric fields created by additional metal plates in the tube to which voltage is applied, or magnetic fields created by coils of wire ( electromagnets ).