This is used as a reference for comparing the ohmic heating and the electrical energy obtained from the measured current through the element and the measured voltage across the element.

The current drawn by typical constant-voltage energy distribution systems is usually dictated by the power ( watts ) consumed by the system and the operating voltage.

so it follows that if the voltage is doubled and the power remains the same, the current will be halved .</ ref >

In an electrical signal, the voltage, current, or frequency of the signal may be varied to represent the information.

For example, in sound recording, fluctuations in air pressure ( that is to say, sound ) strike the diaphragm of a microphone which induces corresponding fluctuations in the current produced by a coil in an electromagnetic microphone, or the voltage produced by a condensor microphone.

Thus, an analog signal is one represented by a continuous stream of data, in this case along an electrical circuit in the form of voltage, current or charge changes ( compare with digital signals below ).

Analog signal processing ( ASP ) then involves physically altering the continuous signal by changing the voltage or current or charge via various electrical means.

When a positive voltage is applied to anode of the diode from the circuit, more holes are able to be transferred to the depleted region, and this causes the diode to become conductive, allowing current to flow through the circuit.

Digital ammeter designs use an analog to digital converter ( ADC ) to measure the voltage across the shunt resistor ; the digital display is calibrated to read the current through the shunt.

Other modern picoammeters use log compression and a " current sink " method that eliminates range switching and associated voltage spikes.

Traditionally, the meter used with a shunt has a full-scale deflection ( FSD ) of, so shunts are typically designed to produce a voltage drop of when carrying their full rated current.

The voltage output from these anemometers is thus the result of some sort of circuit within the device trying to maintain the specific variable ( current, voltage or temperature ) constant.

In an electronic amplifier, the input " signal " is usually a voltage or a current.

While the voltage level is above the DC rail current is supplied by the inductor.

In 1879, Edwin Herbert Hall working at the Johns Hopkins University discovered the development of a voltage across conductors transverse to an electric current in the conductor and magnetic field perpendicular to the current.

A simple electric circuit, where current is represented by the letter i. The relationship between the voltage ( V ), resistance ( R ), and current ( I ) is V = IR ; this is known as Ohm's Law.

This often matches conventional current direction, because in many circuits the power supply voltage is positive with respect to ground.

The abbreviations AC and DC are often used to mean simply alternating and direct, as when they modify current or voltage.

The current in a beam of cathode rays through a tube can be controlled by passing it through a metal screen of wires ( a grid ) to which a small voltage is applied.

Like a typical diode, there is a fixed anode and cathode in a Zener diode, but it will conduct current in the reverse direction ( electrons from anode to cathode ) if its breakdown voltage or " Zener voltage " is exceeded.

The opening action is obtained when a capacitor, charged to high voltage, is suddenly discharged through the foil.

The purpose of the present study is to study the thermal conditions and to establish an energy balance for a transpiration cooled anode as well as the effect of blowing on the arc voltage.

Let us also assume the existence of only one class or type of service, all of which is supplied at the same voltage, phase, etc. to residential, commercial, and industrial customers.

In the system shown in Fig. 7-1, the accelerometer output is amplified and the resulting voltage is applied to the gyro output-axis torquer.

The voltage Af is amplified by Af and applied to the gyro torquer with scale factor Af.

The turning is accomplished by applying voltage to the gyro torquers described above.

Internally the positively charged cations are flowing away from the anode ( even though it is negative and therefore would be expected to attract them, this is due to electrode potential relative to the electrolyte solution being different for the anode and cathode metal / electrolyte systems ); but, external to the cell in the circuit, electrons are being pushed out through the negative contact and thus through the circuit by the voltage potential as would be expected.

A high voltage is applied across the anode and cathode, resulting in an ionization of the fill gas.

They must not be connected to a source of voltage ; they are designed for minimal burden, which refers to the voltage drop across the ammeter, which is typically a small fraction of a volt.

When the system is idle, the CPU clocks itself down via lower bus multiplier and selects a lower voltage.

When a program demands more computational resources, the CPU quickly ( there is some latency ) returns to an intermediate or maximum speed with appropriate voltage to meet the demand.

`` By the way '', said Mr. Blatz, packing his tools into a battered carrier, `` them power tools needs extra voltage.

Semiconductor diodes begin conducting electricity only if a certain threshold voltage or cut-in voltage is present in the forward direction ( a state in which the diode is said to be forward-biased ).

So an amplifier that is said to have a gain of 20 dB might have a voltage gain of ten times and an available power gain of much more than 20 dB ( 100 times power ratio ), yet be delivering a much lower power gain if, for example, the input is a 600 ohm microphone and the output is a 47 kilohm power amplifier's input socket.

The transistor is then said to be saturated-it will have a very small voltage from collector to emitter.

Finally, there was the Synertek SYM-1 variant, which could be said to be a machine halfway between the KIM and the AIM ; it had the KIM's small display, and a simple membrane keyboard of 29 keys ( hex digits and control keys only ), but provided AIM-standard expansion interfaces and true RS-232 ( voltage level as well as current loop mode supported ).

The device can be said to operate synchronously as, once the device is open, it conducts current in phase with the voltage applied over its cathode to anode junction with no further gate modulation being required to replicate ; the device is biased fully on.

In electronics, the ideal model ( infinite gain ) of an operational amplifier is said to produce a virtual short circuit between its input terminals because no matter what the output voltage is, the difference of potential between its input terminals is zero.

Unlike other types of capacitor, most electrolytic capacitors require that the voltage applied to one terminal ( the anode ) never become negative relative to the other ( they are said to be " polarized "), so cannot be used with AC signals without a DC polarizing bias ( non-polarized electrolytic capacitors are available for special purposes ).

Consequently, the voltage drop across Q < sub > 1 </ sub > is V < sub > BE </ sub >, that is, this voltage is set by the diode law and Q < sub > 1 </ sub > is said to be diode connected.

There are sounds of weeping and vomiting on the tape, and someone says " raise the voltage ," though LaRouche, who attended at least one session, said later this referred to the lights being used during the questioning, not an electric shock.

Charles Jones, the warden at the time, said that because the jacks connecting the electricity to the chair had been reversed, there was not enough voltage to kill him on the first try.

A network is said to be reciprocal if the voltage appearing at port 2 due to a current applied at port 1 is the same as the voltage appearing at port 1 when the same current is applied to port 2.

A battery under continuous float voltage charging is said to be under float-charging.

Applied Energetics said that the weapons will be able to be used as a non-lethal alternative to current weaponry, but will be able to deliver a high enough voltage jolt to kill.