Beginning around 1960, the philosopher and historian of ideas Max Fisch ( 1900 – 1995 ) emerged as an authority on Peirce ; Fisch ( 1986 ) includes many of his relevant articles, including a wide-ranging survey ( Fisch 1986: 422 – 48 ) of the impact of Peirce's thought through 1983.

The U. S. Secretary of State is analogous to the foreign minister of other nations and is the official charged with state-to-state diplomacy, although the president has ultimate authority over foreign policy ; that policy includes defining the national interest, as well as the strategies chosen both to safeguard that and to achieve its policy goals.

The City of Dublin is the area administered by Dublin City Council, but the term " Dublin " normally refers to the contiguous urban area which includes parts of the adjacent local authority areas of Dún Laoghaire – Rathdown, Fingal and South Dublin.

The French political thriller I ... comme Icare includes a key scene where Milgram's experiment on obedience to authority is explained and shown.

This clause generally commits to the States the authority to determine the " times, places and manner of holding elections ," which includes the preliminary stages of the election process ( such as a primary election ), while reserving to Congress the authority to preempt State regulations with uniform national rules.

it can label a thing income and tax it, so long as it acts within its constitutional authority, which includes not only the Sixteenth Amendment but also Article I, Sections 8 and 9.

Among other things, the ecclesiastical primatical territory today continues to be larger because of the history: it includes part of modern Montenegro, notably around Bar, the ( honorary ) Roman Catholic primas of Dalmatia, but an exempt archbishopric without suffragans while the archbishoprics of Split ( also a historical primas of Dalmatia ) have provincial authority over all Croatian dioceses except the exempt archbishopric of Zadar.

Various other legislation includes the counties and county boroughs of Wales within their individual interpretations of the phrase " unitary authority ".

This chain of tradition includes the interpretation of unclear statements in the Bible ( e. g. that the " fruit of a beautiful tree " refers to a citron as opposed to any other fruit ), the methods of textual exegesis ( the disagreements recorded in the Mishna and Talmud generally focus on methods of exegesis ), and Laws with Mosaic authority that cannot be derived from the Biblical text ( these include measurements ( e. g. what amount of an non-kosher food must one eat to be liable ), the amount and order of the scrolls to be placed in the phylacteries, etc.

* THEA ( Tampa-Hillsborough Expressway Authority ), a regional expressway authority based in Hillsborough County, Florida, which includes the city of Tampa.

The Académie française includes forty members, promotes French literature, and continues to be the official authority on the French language.

This includes the power of arrest and the authority to carry firearms.

The local authority, Cookstown District Council, was established in 1973, and includes part of County Londonderry, notably the villages of Moneymore, The Loup and Ballyronan.

RiverCenter retains authority over the management and redevelopment of a defined central business district, which includes Broad Street from the post office to Marine Park and from Maple Avenue to one block east of Broad Street.

This section includes 17 locks, which are maintained by the Environment Agency, who are the navigation authority and who attempt to attract more boaters to the river.

Storr's criticism of gurus includes the possible risk that a guru may exploit his or her followers due to the authority that he or she may have over them, though Storr does acknowledge the existence of morally superior teachers who refrain from doing so.

It invariably includes committing false imprisonment, which is the common-law offence of intentionally or recklessly detaining the victim without lawful authority.

All persons holding a dual hackney carriage or private hire driver license within the City of Chelmsford must meet strict criteria as laid down by the authority which includes license renewal every 2 years, a Criminal Records Bureau enhanced disclosure check every three years and a Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency group 2 medical examination every four years.

It includes the Office of the Chief Herald of Ireland (), the authority in the Republic of Ireland for heraldry.

The offenses covered by the UCMJ include those encompassed by " high crimes and misdemeanors " which covers officials generally, and includes perjury of oath, abuse of authority, bribery, intimidation, misuse of assets, failure to supervise, dereliction of duty, conduct unbecoming, and refusal to obey a lawful order.

Supplementary Budgetary legislation in New Zealand includes an annual " Appropriation ( Financial Review ) Bill ", which serves to validate taxation and spending incurred in the previous year which fell outside the previous year's Budget, and " Imprest Supply Bills ," typically several in a year, which grant interim authority to the Government to tax and spend.

All three jurisdictions are linked together by the Canadian Crown, from which all derive their sovereignty and authority ; each government includes the Queen-in-Parliament, the Queen-in-Council, and the Queen-on-the-Bench.

* Finally, Congress's commerce authority includes the power to regulate those activities having a substantial relation to interstate commerce ( i. e., those activities that substantially affect interstate commerce ).

In short, congressional power to grant federal-question authority to federal courts is now apparently so broad that Congress need not create, or specify, the right to be enforced.

The Attorney General of the United States, in considering the power of the Secretary to issue similar regulations under the Wagner-Peyser Act relating to the interstate recruitment of farm workers, has rendered an opinion sustaining his authority.

Second, there were those ( Moise Tshombe ) who favored near-Balkanization, a loose federalism having a central government of limited authority, with much power residing in the states.

* God purposely exercises his sovereignty in ways that do not illustrate its extent – in other words, He has the power and authority to predetermine salvation but he chooses to apply it through different means.

During his long reign, the central power and royal authority potentially weakened.

Individuals who survived to this, the latest and highest stage of evolutionary progress would be “ those in whom the power of self-preservation is the greatest — are the select of their generation .” Moreover, Spencer perceived governmental authority as borrowed from the people to perform the transitory aims of establishing social cohesion, insurance of rights, and security.

* 1792 – U. S. President George Washington exercises his authority to veto a bill, the first time this power is used in the United States.

This meant that he had no power or authority to celebrate an efficacious sacrament.

) The mosques that were built after the conquest of Constantinople ( Istanbul ) by the Ottoman Turks in 1453, and influenced by the design of the 6th century Byzantine basilica of Hagia Sophia, had increasingly elevated and large central domes, which create a vertical emphasis that is intended to be more overwhelming ; in order to convey the divine power of Allah, the majesty of the Ottoman Sultan, and the governmental authority of the Ottoman State.

People acquired power through persuasion, exerted both publicly and privately, public debate, force of will ( often via aggressive flames ), garnering authority and respect by spending much time and effort contributing to the community ( by being a maintainer of a FAQ, for example ; see also Kibo, etc.

The death and resurrection of Jesus are usually considered the most important events in Christian Theology, partly because they demonstrate that Jesus has power over life and death and therefore has the authority and power to give people eternal life.

Since the 12th century, courts have had parallel and co-equal authority to make law -- " legislating from the bench " is a traditional and essential function of courts, which was carried over into the U. S. system as an essential component of the " judicial power " specified by Article III of the U. S. constitution.

See, e. g., Clearfield Trust Co. v. United States, ( giving federal courts the authority to fashion common law rules with respect to issues of federal power, in this case negotiable instruments backed by the federal government ); see also International News Service v. Associated Press, 248 U. S. 215 ( 1918 ) ( creating a cause of action for misappropriation of " hot news " that lacks any statutory grounding, but that is one of the handful of federal common law actions that survives today ); National Basketball Association v. Motorola, Inc., 105 F. 3d 841, 843-44, 853 ( 2d Cir.

Subsequently, rather than restore governmental authority to the civilian legislature, Augusto Pinochet exploited his role as Commander of the Army to seize total power and to establish himself at the head of a junta.

The Government of the Republic of Cyprus has continued as the sole internationally-recognized authority on the island ( as well as the UK being internationally recognized with respect to the SBAs ), though in practice its power extends only to the government controlled area.

While all Catholics must therefore hold that " the infliction of capital punishment is not contrary to the teaching of the Catholic Church, and the power of the State to visit upon culprits the penalty of death derives much authority from revelation and from the writings of theologians ", the matter of " the advisability of exercising that power is, of course, an affair to be determined upon other and various considerations.

For example, in a unitary state, the constitution will vest ultimate authority in one central administration and legislature, and judiciary, though there is often a delegation of power or authority to local or municipal authorities.

Of all the offices within the Roman Republic, none granted as much power and authority as the position of dictator, known as the Master of the People.

Since the Dictator exercised his own authority, he did not suffer this limitation, which was the cornerstone of the office's power.

In the Roman Church, positive ecclesiastical laws, based upon either immutable divine and natural law, or changeable circumstantial and merely positive law, derive formal authority and promulgation from the office of pope, who as Supreme Pontiff possesses the totality of legislative, executive, and judicial power in his person.

The power of making by-laws was “ tacitly annexed to corporations by the very act of their establishment .” While they must not directly contradict the overarching laws of the land, the central or local government cannot be expected to regulate toward the peculiar circumstances of a given body, and so “ they are invested with authority to make regulations for the management of their own interests and affairs .”