It was shown that sorghum's aluminium tolerance is controlled by a single gene, as for wheat.

One candidate gene with polymorphisms that influence anxiety is PLXNA2.

Wilson's disease is an autosomal-recessive gene disorder whereby an alteration of the ATP7B gene results in an inability to properly excrete copper from the body.

An allele ( or ) is one of two or more forms of a gene or a genetic locus ( generally a group of genes ).

The word " allele " is a short form of allelomorph (' other form '), which was used in the early days of genetics to describe variant forms of a gene detected as different phenotypes.

It is now appreciated that most or all gene loci are highly polymorphic, with multiple alleles, whose frequencies vary from population to population, and that a great deal of genetic variation is hidden in the form of alleles that do not produce obvious phenotypic differences.

Other disorders are also due to recessive alleles, but because the gene locus is located on the X chromosome, so that males have only one copy ( that is, they are hemizygous ), they are more frequent in males than in females.

An ampicillin resistance gene ( abbreviated ampR ) is commonly used as a selectable marker in routine biotechnology.

The large and diverse population of antibodies is generated by random combinations of a set of gene segments that encode different antigen binding sites ( or paratopes ), followed by random mutations in this area of the antibody gene, which create further diversity.

MAC, also called " Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Permeabilization Pore " is regulated by various proteins, such as those encoded by the mammalian Bcl-2 family of anti-apoptopic genes, the homologs of the ced-9 gene found in C. elegans.

Since a -/- mutation in the APAF-1 gene is embryonic lethal, a gene trap strategy was used in order to generate an APAF-1 -/- mouse.

This assay is used to disrupt gene function by creating an intragenic gene fusion.

When an APAF-1 gene trap is introduced into cells, many morphological changes occur, such as spina bifida, the persistence of interdigital webs, and open brain.

It is the most polyphetic known enzyme: six distinct classes have been described, all catalyzing the same reaction but representing unrelated gene families with no known sequence or structural homology.

Albinism results from inheritance of recessive gene alleles and is known to affect all vertebrates, including humans.

The truncated myostatin gene is unable to function in its normal capacity, resulting in accelerated lean muscle growth.

This particular type of growth is seen early in the fetus of a pregnant dam, which results in a calf that is born with two times the number of muscle fibers at birth than a calf with no myostatin gene mutation.

Another significant historic event in biochemistry is the discovery of the gene and its role in the transfer of information in the cell.

The pelts of arctic foxes with a slate blue coloration — an expression of a recessive gene — were especially valuable.

** genotype-phenotype distinction — genotype — phenotype — dominant gene — recessive gene

Since the gene is recessive, all offspring will be heterozygous, and the offspring from that mating will not be resistant to Bt and therefore no longer a threat.

Dapple genes, which are dominant genes, are considered " dilution " genes, meaning whatever color the dog would have originally carried is lightened, or diluted, randomly ; two dominant " dilution " genes can cancel each other out, or " cross ", removing all color and producing a white recessive gene, essentially a white mutation.

Some types of recessive gene disorders confer an advantage in certain environments when only one copy of the gene is present.

For instance, the human CFTR gene, which encodes a protein that transports chloride ions across cell membranes, can be dominant ( A ) as the normal version of the gene, or recessive ( a ) as a mutated version of the gene.

A homozygous recessive individual has an abnormal phenotype and is guaranteed to pass the abnormal gene onto offspring.

Koalas may also have white fur in rare cases due to a recessive gene.

Rarely, Komondors may have an autosomal recessive gene which prevents absorption of Vitamin B12.

Phenylketonuria ( PKU ) is an autosomal recessive metabolic genetic disorder characterized by a mutation in the gene for the hepatic enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase ( PAH ), rendering it nonfunctional.

Their top priority is PKU, as it has become increasingly common, and sufferers often bear children who will be carriers of the recessive gene, and may themselves live past the age of sixty.

He recognized that this was consistent with a recessive mutation involving a single gene, but requiring biallelic mutation.

5α-Reductase deficiency ( 5-ARD ) is an autosomal recessive intersex condition caused by a mutation of the 5α reductase type II gene.

In 2006, scientists researching the ancestry of birds " turned on " a chicken recessive gene, talpid2, and found that the embryo jaws initiated formation of teeth, like those found in ancient bird fossils.

The black color is caused by recessive gene loci.

Acinonyx rex — the king cheetah ( see below )— was abandoned as a subspecies after it was discovered that the variation was caused by a single recessive gene.

The subspecies Acinonyx jubatus guttatus, the woolly cheetah, may also have been a variation due to a recessive gene.

Known as " king cheetahs ," they were once thought to constitute a separate subspecies but are in fact African cheetahs ; their unusual fur pattern is the result of a single recessive gene.

A recessive gene must be inherited from both parents for this pattern to appear, which is one reason why it is so rare.

Even so, the absence of the SRY gene or the silencing of the SOX9 gene are not enough to trigger sexual differentiation of a fetus in the female direction.

However, when an extra DAX1 gene is placed on the X, the result is a female, despite the existence of SRY.

In July 2010 a group of geneticists at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science an Technology altered the sexual preferences of female mice by removing a single gene linked to reproductive behavior.

Without the gene, the mice exhibited masculine sexual behavior and attraction toward urine of other female mice.

A female carrier will pass the affected AR gene to her children 50 % of the time.

A genetic female with mutations in both AR genes could theoretically result from the union of a fertile man with androgen insensitivity and a female carrier of the gene, or from de novo mutation.

Because the disease-causing gene is located on the X chromosome, a female born with a MECP2 mutation on her X chromosome has another X chromosome with an ostensibly normal copy of the same gene, while a male with the mutation on his X chromosome has no other X chromosome, only a Y chromosome ; thus, he has no normal gene.

Thus, a non-mutant MECP2 gene is necessary for a Rett's-affected embryo to survive in most cases, and the embryo, male or female, must have another X chromosome.

In a non-mammalian example of genes related to aggression, the fruitless gene in fruit flies is a critical determinant of certain sexually dimorphic behaviors, and its artificial alteration can result in a reversal of stereotypically male and female patterns of aggression in fighting.

Dominance rules for sex-linked gene loci are determined by their behavior in the female: because the male has only one allele, that allele is always expressed regardless of whether it is dominant or recessive.

In the absence of the SRY gene from the Y chromosome, the female sex ( ovaries instead of testis ) will develop.

* Individuals with a male phenotype and an XX ( female ) karyotype — XX male syndrome — have been observed ; these males have the SRY gene in one or both X chromosomes ( or possibly on an autosome ), moved there by chromosomal translocation.

Individuals with XY genotype and functional SRY gene can have an outwardly female phenotype due to an underlying androgen insensitivity syndrome ( AIS ).

Loss of the SRY gene from the Y chromosome result in XY individuals, normally male, having female characteristics ( Swyer syndrome ).

Studies have also suggested that there is no Semitic female contribution to the Lemba gene pool.

Pollen from a plant sharing a histocompatibility gene with the female either fails to grow or dies soon after germinating.

G spot – G-spot – Gag ( BDSM ) – John Gagnon – galactophilia – galactorrhea – gamahuche – gamahucheur – gamete – gamete intra-fallopian transfer – gang bang – Gardnerella – Gardnerella vaginalis – Gartner's duct – gas mask fetishism – Katharine Gates – gay – gay bathhouse – gay beat – gay cruising – gay liberation – gay-bashing – gay-for-pay – gaydar – geek code – geisha – gender – gender and sexuality studies – gender coding – gender crosscoding – gender dysphoria – gender fluidity – gender identity – gender identity disorder – gender reassignment surgery – gender role – gender threat – gender transposition – gender-bending – gendermap – gene – genetic counseling – genetic sexual attraction – genital – genital anatomy – genital bisection – genital corpuscles – genital herpes – genital insert – genital intercourse – genital kiss – genital modification – genital mutilation ( disambiguation ) – genital piercing – genital play – genital retraction syndrome – genital stage – genital stretching – genital tattooing – genital tubercle – genital wart – genitalia – genitoerotic – genitofemoral nerve – genitourinary medicine – genophobia – genotype – genuphallation – gerbilling – geriatric sexology – germ cell ovarian cancer – germ cell tumor – German Society for Social-Scientific Sexuality Research – germinal epithelium ( female ) – gerontalism – gerontology – gerontophilia – gestagen – gestation – get hitched-GFE – ghost marriage ( disambiguation ) – Giardia lamblia – giardiasis – GIFT – gigolo – gimp mask – gimp suit – Rolf Gindorf – girlfriend – girlfriend experience – giving head – glabrousness – glamor photography – glans – glans clitoridis – glans penis – glanuloplasty – gliding action – glory hole – glove fetishism – glucocorticoids – GnRH – goddess worship ( disambiguation ) – godemiche – going down on – gokkun – gold-digger – golden enema – golden shower – gonad – gonadal dysgenesis – gonadal steroid – gonadectomy – gonadostat – gonadotropin – gonadotropin-releasing hormone – gonococcus – gonorrhea – gonorrhoea – Good, giving and game – Goodell's sign – gossypol – Regnier de Graaf – Graafian follicle – Granuloma inguinale – granulosa cell tumor – granulosa cells – gratification disorder – gravida – gravida 0 – gravida 1 – gravidity – Great Rite – Greek marriage customs – grooming ( child abuse ) – grooming ( sexology ) – grope box – groping – group marriage – group sex – groupie – growth hormone – Gräfenberg spot – Ernst Gräfenberg – guevedoce – guiche – guiche piercing – gukuna imishino – GUM clinic – gynae – gynaecology – gynandromorph – gynandry – gynecaeum – gynecologic hemorrhage – gynecology – gynecomania – gynecomastia – gynecomimetic – gynemimesis – gynemimetophile – gynemimetophilia – gynophilia – gynophobia

Peter carried the white " e " gene and was bred to a female named Gretel VD Werneburg ( PZ1530 ) ( color unknown ) and produced a " yellow " female pup named Mucki VD Werneburg ( PSZ 8 ) born October 1914.

The determining gene ( or super-gene ) for the inheritance of egg colour is believed to be carried on the W chromosome, which is directly transmitted in the female line.