It was this basic trait that separated Adams from the ranks of professional historians and led him to commit time and time again what was his most serious offense against the historical method -- namely, the tendency to assume the truth of an hypothesis before submitting it to the test of facts.

therefore, in the investigation of the present hypothesis, it was necessary to control this factor.

The hypothesis of there being an interaction between compulsivity and teaching method was supported, in this case, at the level.

Likewise, Kant formulated the nebular hypothesis, according to which the solar system was evolved from a rotating mass of incandescent gas, nearly a half century before its scientific value was made plain by Laplace in his Systeme Du Monde.

Let us put to ourselves the hypothesis that we had not come on the scene and that the rabbit never was discovered.

Moseley, after discussions with Bohr who was at the same lab ( and who had used Van den Broek's hypothesis in his Bohr model of the atom ), decided to test Van den Broek and Bohr's hypothesis directly, by seeing if spectral lines emitted from excited atoms fit the Bohr theory's demand that the frequency of the spectral lines be proportional to a measure of the square of Z.

An early psychical researcher to propose an afterlife hypothesis was Edmund Fournier d ' Albe he wrote that at the moment of death the soul floats into the atmosphere.

However, the idea that electrons might revolve around a compact nucleus with definite angular momentum was convincingly argued at least 19 years earlier by Niels Bohr, and the Japanese physicist Hantaro Nagaoka published an orbit-based hypothesis for electronic behavior as early as 1904.

The hypothesis to Isocrates ' Helen mentions that Anaximenes, too, had written a Helen, " though it is more a defense speech ( apologia ) than an encomium ," and concludes that he was " the man who has written about Helen " to whom Isocrates refers ( Isoc.

After the acceptance of Avogadro's hypothesis in 1860 it was understood that elements could exist as polyatomic molecules, and the two allotropes of oxygen were recognized as O < sub > 2 </ sub > and O < sub > 3 </ sub >.

A dismissive allusion in the text to the " wealth of Hungary " has suggested the hypothesis that it was written after 1184, at the time when Bela III of Hungary had sent to the French court a statement of his income and had proposed marriage to Marie's sister Marguerite of France, but before 1186, when his proposal was accepted.

It was these formations that the scientific community widely suspected were formed by lunar volcanism ; however, this hypothesis was proven incorrect by the composition of retrieved lunar samples from the mission.

In 2008, psychology professor Benny Shanon published a controversial hypothesis that a brew analogous to Ayahuasca was heavily connected to early Judaism, and that the effects of this brew were responsible for some of the most significant events of Moses ' life, including his vision of the burning bush.

With this model, Thomson abandoned his earlier " nebular atom " hypothesis in which the atom was composed of immaterial vortices.

There was an artificial platform there and this apparent verification of Thom's long alignment hypothesis ( Kintraw was diagnosed as an accurate winter solstice site ) led him to check Thom's geometrical theories at the Cultoon stone circle in Islay, also with a positive result.

In On the Infinite, David Hilbert hypothesized that the Ackermann function was not primitive recursive, but it was Ackermann, Hilbert ’ s personal secretary and former student, who actually proved the hypothesis in his paper On Hilbert ’ s Construction of the Real Numbers.

The hypothesis was inspired by the existence of the ancient Kingdom of Iberia farther east in the Mediterranean and further by some typological similarities between the two languages.

According to J. P. Mallory, in his 1989 book In Search of the Indo-Europeans, the hypothesis was also inspired by a Basque place-name ending in-adze.

This hypothesis of the contents of the Mouseion, originally suggested by Nietzsche ( Rheinisches Museum 25 ( 1870 ) & 28 ( 1873 )), appears to have been confirmed by three papyrus finds – one 3rd century BC ( Flinders Petrie Papyri, ed.

If confirmed, this would imply special relativity is an approximation to a more general theory, but since the relevant comparison would ( by definition ) be outside the observable universe, it is difficult to imagine ( much less construct ) experiments to test this hypothesis.

Roche's hypothesis that Palestrina's seemingly dispassionate approach to expressive or emotive texts could have resulted from his having to produce many to order, or from a deliberate decision that any intensity of expression was unbecoming in church music has not been confirmed by historians.

In 1976, the U. S. National Academy of Sciences ( NAS ) released a report that confirmed the scientific credibility of the ozone depletion hypothesis.

The pressures produced during constriction have recently been suggested to cause cardiac arrest by interfering with blood flow, but this hypothesis has not yet been confirmed.

The hypothesis was tested and confirmed for sound waves by the Dutch scientist Christophorus Buys Ballot in 1845.

He waited until 1802 ( in Catalogue of 500 new Nebulae, nebulous Stars, planetary Nebulae, and Clusters of Stars ; with Remarks on the Construction of the Heavens ) to announce the hypothesis that the two stars might be " binary sidereal systems " orbiting under mutual gravitational attraction, a hypothesis he confirmed in 1803 in his Account of the Changes that have happened, during the last Twenty-five Years, in the relative Situation of Double-stars ; with an Investigation of the Cause to which they are owing.

His findings confirmed the Democrats ' hypothesis, and refuted the Republicans '.

The truth is that the whole fabric of our knowledge is one matted felt of pure hypothesis confirmed and refined by induction.

In July 2007, an editor at Avionews in Rome compared the Gardner Island hypothesis to other non-crash-and-sink theories and called it the " most confirmed " of them.

It has recently been suggested that the pressures produced during constriction cause cardiac arrest by interfering with blood flow, but this hypothesis has not yet been confirmed.

Kapitsa was the first to suggest the existence of a subglacial lake in the region, and the subsequent research confirmed his hypothesis.

Their hypothesis was confirmed: after making a $ 2. 00 commitment, people became more confident their bet would pay off.

This hypothesis would later be confirmed by Lavoisier, over a century later in 1789.

Studies have also been done on Florida Scrub Jays ( Aphelocoma coerulescens ) and results have confirmed the hypothesis that increased prolactin levels are correlated with an increase in parental behavior in helper birds ( Schoech, 1998 ).

Since the original Davisson-Germer experiment for electrons, the de Broglie hypothesis has been confirmed for other elementary particles.

This hypothesis was later discarded as subsequent reports from the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory later confirmed the presence of anti-coagulants in samples taken from other cows mutilated in the region.

This hypothesis was independently confirmed by the Italian physician Giovanni Battista Grassi working in Italy and the British physician Ronald Ross working in India, both in 1898.

Recent experiments with particle coherers seem to have confirmed the hypothesis that the particles cohere by a micro-weld phenomenon caused by radio frequency electricity flowing across the small contact area between particles.

If one hypothesis is confirmed, then it will also reject another hypothesis.

This type of experiment could confirm multiple hypothesis, which will then lead a researcher to do more experiments that will lead to one confirmed hypothesis.

Power analysis can assist in study design by determining what sample size would be required in order to have a reasonable chance of rejecting the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true.

Published in Nature in 1985, the study found that predictions based on natal astrology were no better than chance, and that the testing " clearly refutes the astrological hypothesis ".

It was this temporary feature which inspired Wegener to study what he defined as continental drift, although he did not live to see his hypothesis become generally accepted.

An early study of his claims, published in Nature in 1993, found Duesberg's drug abuse-AIDS hypothesis to have " no basis in fact ".

In another study, data from a sample of white, Christian men and women were used to test the hypothesis that traditional, church-centered religiousness and de-institutionalized spiritual seeking are distinct ways of approaching fear of death in old age.

Niles Eldredge ’ s study of the Phacops trilobite genus supported the hypothesis that modifications to the arrangement of the trilobite ’ s eye lenses proceeded by fits and starts over millions of years during the Devonian.

Hermann Ebbinghaus ran a limited, incomplete study on himself and published his hypothesis in 1885 as Über das Gedächtnis ( later translated into English as Memory: A Contribution to Experimental Psychology ).

A 2005 study presented data supporting the nutrition hypothesis, which predicts that gains will occur predominantly at the low end of the IQ distribution, where nutritional deprivation is probably most severe.

Halliday, an expert on ancient religion, dismissed her theory, and noted that her hypothesis relied upon " documents torn from the background of their own age and divorced from the serious study of their historical antecedents.

# Testing the hypothesis by an experiment, an observational study, or a field study

A later study published in 2010 revealed that imaging of Rhea from the Cassini mission was inconsistent with the predicted properties of the rings, suggesting that some other mechanism is responsible for the magnetic effects that had led to the ring hypothesis.

For example, in one study done by Jeffrey Grogger and Greg Ridgeway, the veil of darkness hypothesis was used to determine whether or not racial profiling in traffic stops occurs in Oakland, California.

Of those gathered the most noted study refuting racial profiling was the conducted using the veil of darkness hypothesis stating that it will be difficult, if not impossible, for officers to discern race in the twilight hours.

A 1969 study by Brent Berlin and Paul Kay claimed to demonstrate that color terminology is subject to universal semantic constraints, and hence to discredit the Sapir – Whorf hypothesis.

They sought to ban evolution as a topic for study in the schools or, failing that, to relegate it to the status of unproven hypothesis perhaps taught alongside the biblical version of creation.

A statistical hypothesis test is a method of making decisions using data, whether from a controlled experiment or an observational study ( not controlled ).

Blood samples taken in 1971 and 2008 from Easter Islanders without any European or other external descent were analysed in a 2011 study, which concluded that the evidence supported some aspects of Heyerdahl's hypothesis.

Much of the negative impact of estrogen that they found was related to the fact that most of the women in the Women ’ s Health Initiative study were far past the menopause and up to 79 years old .” Dr. Rubinow continues by explaining that “ there are now a large number of studies that demonstrate what has been called the timing hypothesis.

The study shows "… no support for a system of sections as currently defined ", although, despite the many inconsistencies between Mathew's 1982 classification and the current hypothesis, "… the main assignment of species to the sections and series of that system is actually supported.

Called the " Pavilion Lake Research Project " ( PLRP ) its aim is to study what conditions on the lakes ' bottoms are most likely to harbor life and develop a better hypothesis on how environmental factors effect microbiolite life.

But there are studies conflicting the main premise of the epigenetic hypothesis, and a study by Fatemi et al.

A later study suggested that capillary adhesion might play a role, but that hypothesis has been rejected by more recent studies.

In 1956 Gimbutas introduced her Kurgan hypothesis, which combined archaeological study of the distinctive Kurgan burial mounds with linguistics to unravel some problems in the study of the Proto-Indo-European ( PIE ) speaking peoples, whom she dubbed the " Kurgans "; namely, to account for their origin and to trace their migrations into Europe.