The term ' aromatic ' was assigned before the physical mechanism determining aromaticity was discovered, and was derived from the fact that many of the compounds have a sweet scent.

However, its intermediate result storage mechanism, a paper card writer / reader, was unreliable, and when inventor John Vincent Atanasoff left Iowa State College for World War II assignments, work on the machine was discontinued.

There was however a mechanism for prosecuting the witnesses of a successful prosecutor, which it appears could lead to the undoing of the earlier verdict.

This was despite a metal cover, and locking-bar mechanism designed to prevent this from occurring.

Their criticism focused on the fact that there was no mechanism whereby astrological effects might occur:

Sagan said he took this stance not because he thought astrology had any validity, but because he thought that the tone of the statement was authoritarian, and that dismissing astrology because there was no mechanism ( while " certainly a relevant point ") was not in itself convincing.

Observation of electron tracks independent of the frequency of the incident photon suggested a mechanism for electron ionization that was caused from an internal conversion of energy from a radiationless transition.

Another group of animals discovered subsequently, whose filtering mechanism looked similar, was also included in " Bryozoa " until 1869, when the two groups were noted to be very different internally.

When this occurred, the receiving teleprinter mechanism would activate but not print characters ( it was typing the non-printing DEL character repeatedly ).

Some models used a " typebox " that was positioned, in the X-and Y-axes, by a mechanism and the selected letter form was struck by a hammer.

Later, the Antikythera mechanism, invented some time around 100 AD in ancient Greece, was the first mechanical calculator utilizing gears of various sizes and configuration to perform calculations, which tracked the metonic cycle still used in lunar-to-solar calendars, and which is consistent for calculating the dates of the Olympiads.

It was driven by a large waterwheel, chain drive, and escapement mechanism.

Some designs had no explicit spring as such ; it was simply a compliant mechanism.

The mechanism was lubricated ; wear did not seem to be a problem.

This was fixed later, when Commodore changed the vendor of the drive mechanism ( Mitsumi ) and adopted the flip-level Newtronics mechanism, greatly improving reliability.

The drive-head mechanism was notoriously easy to misalign.

In the second volume of the first edition of Principles Lyell explicitly rejected the mechanism of Lamark on the transmutation of species, and was doubtful whether species were mutable.

Lyell's acceptance of natural selection, Darwin's proposed mechanism for evolution, was equivocal, and came in the tenth edition of Principles.

These theoretical relationships are more clearly illustrated in Fig. 7 and their sum can be seen to correlate in form with practical measurements made with the Hesiometer as illustrated in the first portion of Fig. 5 for the cutting mechanism.

The proposed mechanism of chronic nicotine causing desensitisation of nicotinic receptors, thereby leading to an antidepressant effect, is consistent with the theory first proposed over 30 years ago and subsequent research that confirmed excessive acetylcholine activity in the brain leads to depressive symptoms.

The first mechanism includes highly reactive hydroxyl radicals and other reactive radicals which are by products of the reduction of chromium ( VI ) to chromium ( III ).

According to a report in Nature magazine, ( November, 2009 ) the first year-by-year accounting of this mechanism during the industrial era, and the first time scientists have actually measured it, suggests " the oceans are struggling to keep up with rising emissions — a finding with potentially wide implications for future climate.

In the E1 mechanism, the leaving group is ejected first, forming a carbocation.

The leaving order is reversed in the E1cb mechanism, that is the proton is split off first.

Since the mechanism of retention on this new solid support is different from the first dimensional separation, it can be possible to separate compounds that are indistinguishable by one-dimensional chromatography.

This was the first proposal for the mechanism of chemical explosions.

All these proteins share a catalytic mechanism of di-metal-ion-mediated nucleotide transfer, whereby two acidic residues located at the end of the first strand and between the second and third strands of the RRM-like unit respectively, chelate two divalent cations.

This argument, first proposed by Max Weber, says that the efficient exchange and use of resources can be maintained only through the price mechanism in free markets ( see economic calculation problem ).

The best known hemoglobinopathy is sickle-cell disease, which was the first human disease whose mechanism was understood at the molecular level.

The history of stored-program computers relates first to computer architecture, that is, the organization of the units to perform input and output, to store data and to operate as an integrated mechanism.

He coined the terms bounded rationality and satisficing, and was the first to analyze the architecture of complexity and to propose a preferential attachment mechanism to explain power law distributions.

At first the phases were controlled by hand, but within ten years an escapement mechanism had been devised worked by a vertical plug tree suspended from the rocking beam which rendered the engine self-acting.

The existence and mechanism for ion selectivity was first postulated in the 1960s by Clay Armstrong.

Lebanon gained independence in 1943, and established a unique political system, known as confessionalism, a power-sharing mechanism based on religious communities – Bechara El Khoury who became independent Lebanon's first President and Riad El-Solh, who became Lebanon's first prime minister, are considered the founders of the modern Republic of Lebanon and are national heroes for having led the country's independence.

Q is similar to N in its effect: Q binds to RNA polymerase in Qut sites and the resulting complex can ignore terminators, however the mechanism is very different ; the Q protein first associates with a DNA sequence rather than an mRNA sequence.

First produced in 1896 as one of the first commercially successful and practical semi-automatic pistols, Spanish gunmakers in the late 1920s introduced " select fire " copies of the C96 with detachable magazines, and in the early 1930s Mauser engineers introduced the model 711 and 712 Schnellfeuer variants, which included a fire selector mechanism allowing fully automatic fire at a rate of 1000 rounds / minute.

Although a complete theory of evolution also requires an account of how genetic variation arises in the first place ( such as by mutation and sexual reproduction ) and includes other evolutionary mechanisms ( such as genetic drift and gene flow ), natural selection appears to be the most important mechanism for creating complex adaptations in nature.

The second shortcoming, related to the first, is that in quantum mechanics there is no mechanism to describe particle creation and annihilation ; this is crucial for describing phenomena such as pair production which result from the conversion between mass and energy according to the relativistic relation E = mc < sup > 2 </ sup >.

Such a mechanism was later published by the same authors, first for the case of two ISPs and then for the global case.

Quantum nonlocality is often proposed as a mechanism for superluminal communication.

Furthermore, there is no proposed mechanism of action by which the positions and motions of stars and planets could affect people and events on Earth that does not contradict well understood, basic aspects of biology and physics.

PNNI also includes a very powerful summarization mechanism to allow construction of very large networks, as well as a call admission control ( CAC ) algorithm which determines the availability of sufficient bandwidth on a proposed route through a network in order to satisfy the service requirements of a VC or VP.

In 1938 Fritz London proposed BEC as a mechanism for superfluidity in < sup > 4 </ sup > He and superconductivity.

In 1963 Friedman and Schwartz proposed a positive feedback loop as a mechanism for catastrophic failures in economics: “ It happens that a liquidity crisis in a unit fractional reserve banking system is precisely the kind of event that trigger-and often has triggered-a chain reaction.

The consensus in the scientific community is that the Duesberg hypothesis has been refuted by a large and growing mass of evidence showing that HIV causes AIDS, that the amount of virus in the blood correlates with disease progression, that a plausible mechanism for HIV's action has been proposed, and that anti-HIV medication decreases mortality and opportunistic infection in people with AIDS.

For example, Darwinism may be used to refer to Darwin's proposed mechanism of natural selection, in comparison to more recent mechanisms such as genetic drift and gene flow.

A biochemical mechanism for this was proposed by the medical researcher J. C. Callaway, who suggested in 1988 that DMT might be connected with visual dream phenomena: brain DMT levels would be periodically elevated to induce visual dreaming and possibly other natural states of mind.

One mechanism proposed for this is called excitotoxicity.

The mechanism of action was proposed to be increased fluidity of the membrane.

When Charles Darwin proposed his theory of evolution in 1859, one of its major problems was the lack of an underlying mechanism for heredity.

In 1925, C. F. Wilson proposed a mechanism by which electrical discharge from lightning storms could propagate upwards from clouds to the ionosphere.

Not much is known about the underlying biological mechanisms of long-term memory, but the process of long-term potentiation, which involves a physical change in the structure of neurons, has been proposed as the mechanism by which short-term memories move into long-term storage.

Acting as an NMDA antagonist may be one mechanism by which methadone decreases craving for opioids and tolerance, and has been proposed as a possible mechanism for its distinguished efficacy regarding the treatment of neuropathic pain.

An extension mechanism was proposed in RFC 2449 to accommodate general extensions as well as announce in an organized manner support for optional commands, such as TOP and UIDL.

In 2008, it was proposed that the same mechanism that produces superconductivity could produce a superinsulator state in some materials, with almost infinite electrical resistance.

When substitution was proposed before, in 1978, the US appeared reluctant to allow such a mechanism to become operational.

Once a syrinx has formed, pressure differences along the spine have been proposed to be one mechanism causing fluid movement within the cyst, possibly resulting in damage to the spinal cord.

A proposed mechanism for maintaining the dust was a disk of coalesced bodies that were in the process of collapsing to form a planet.

Also in 1955, Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat and Robley Williams showed that purified TMV RNA and its capsid ( coat ) protein can self-assemble into functional virions, suggesting that this assembly mechanism is also used within the host cell, as Delbrück had proposed earlier.