That such deficiencies existed within Ptolemy's theory was not discovered de novo by Copernicus.

A credulousness, a distaste for documentation, an uncritical reliance on contemporary accounts, and a proneness to assume a theory as true before adequate proof was provided were all evidences of his failure to comprehend the use of the scientific method or to evaluate the responsibilities of the historian to his reading public.

J. T. Shotwell was appalled by such spurious history as that which attributed the fall of the Carolingian empire to the woolen trade, and he urged Adams to `` transform his essay into a real history, embodying not merely those facts which fit into his theory, but also the modifications and exceptions ''.

that theory was and is sound.

He proposed a fresh theory of alkalis which later was accepted in chemical practices.

It was not always easy to develop theory and doctrine which would square the two conditions.

In this connection, it might be noted that the theory of games was a mathematical discovery long before its uses in political science were exploited.

To find a place for them in their theory of knowledge would require them to revise the theory radically, and yet that theory was what they regarded as their most important discovery.

On the theory before us, such relief would be groundless, for in that suffering itself there was nothing bad at all, and hence in its nonoccurrence there would be nothing to be relieved about.

In these circumstances, since what was expressed by the remark when first made is, on the theory before us, simply absent, the remark now expresses nothing.

( P. 215 ) when corporate abuses were attacked, it was done on the theory that criminal penalties would be invoked rather than control.

Lincoln stated Douglas's popular sovereignty theory was a threat to the nation's morality and that Douglas represented a conspiracy to extend slavery to free states.

During the 1670s corpuscularianism was used by Isaac Newton in his development of the corpuscular theory of light.

( Despite common belief, he did not take a day from February ; see the debunked theory on month lengths ) According to a Senatus consultum quoted by Macrobius, he chose this month because it was the time of several of his great triumphs, including the conquest of Egypt.

" Karpov acknowledged that his understanding of chess theory was very confused at that time, and wrote later that the homework which Botvinnik assigned greatly helped him, since it required that he consult chess books and work diligently.

" The first well-known version of anarcho-capitalism was formulated by Austrian School economist and libertarian Murray Rothbard in the mid-twentieth century, synthesizing elements from the Austrian School of economics, classical liberalism, and nineteenth century American individualist anarchists Lysander Spooner and Benjamin Tucker ( rejecting their labor theory of value and the normative implications they derived from it ).

The prime evidence for this theory was provided by a descendant of Clarke.

It was the prospect of bowling at this line-up that caused England's 1932 – 33 captain Douglas Jardine to adopt the tactic of fast leg theory, also known as Bodyline.

Jardine insisted that the tactic was legitimate and called it " leg theory " but it was widely disparaged by its opponents, who dubbed it " Bodyline " ( from " on the line of the body ").

Confucianism was particularly strong during the Han Dynasty, whose greatest thinker was Dong Zhongshu, who integrated Confucianism with the thoughts of the Zhongshu School and the theory of the Five Elements.

At the beginning, it was considered a sort of Taoist sect, and there was even a theory about Laozi, founder of Taoism, who went to India and taught his philosophy to Buddha.

Additionally, he further illustrates the human reaction towards the " absurd "; The Plague represents how the world deals with the philosophical notion of the Absurd, a theory which Camus himself helped to define.

Within algebraic geometry itself, his theory of schemes has become the universally accepted language for all further technical work.

As a framework for his coherent duality theory he also introduced derived categories, which were further developed by Verdier.

Remaining issues, such as the cuspy halo problem and the dwarf galaxy problem of cold dark matter, are not fatal to the dark matter explanation as solutions to such problems exist which involve only further refinements of the theory.

If the second theory is correct, this raises the further question of why the Persians, having hesitated for several days, then attacked.

The area has further connections to coding theory and geometric combinatorics.

These measurements are expected to provide further confirmation of the theory as well as information about cosmic inflation, and the so-called secondary anisotropies, such as the Sunyaev-Zel ' dovich effect and Sachs-Wolfe effect, which are caused by interaction between galaxies and clusters with the cosmic microwave background.

He further advanced modular arithmetic, greatly simplifying manipulations in number theory.

Other major critiques are that the term is not defined well, and employs further terms that are not defined well, and therefore lacks explanatory power, that cultural imperialism is hard to measure, and that the theory of a legacy of colonialism is not always true.

The theory was based on how heat-treating metal works ( the temperatures are lowered to room temperature from a high degree causing certain strength increases in the molecular structure to occur ) and supposed that continuing the descent would allow for further strength increases.

Habermas dissolved further the elements of critical theory derived from Hegelian German Idealism, though his thought remains broadly Marxist in its epistemological approach.

The Scythian theory was further developed by Andreas Jäger ( 1686 ) and William Wotton ( 1713 ), who made first forays to reconstruct this primitive common language.

The decoherence approaches to interpreting quantum theory have been further explored and developed, becoming quite popular.

Here, the twin assumptions of rationality and market efficiency lead to modern portfolio theory ( the CAPM ), and to the Black – Scholes theory for option valuation ; it further studies phenomena and models where these assumptions do not hold, or are extended.

In 1843 Kummer introduced the concept of ideal number, which was developed further by Dedekind ( 1876 ) into the modern theory of ideals, special subsets of rings.

further expanded on this theory.

The theory remains tenuous, however, due to lack of evidence, but if proven correct, will further support the idea that Pre-Contact Chamorros lived in a vibrant and dynamic environment.

The theory shows what Marx called a " coherence " in human history, because each generation inherits the productive forces developed previously and in turn further develops them before passing them on to the next generation.

In Indian philosophy, Kanada was the first to systematically develop a theory of atomism during the 6th century BCE, and it was further elaborated on by the Buddhist atomists Dharmakirti and Dignāga during the 1st millennium CE.

The spiritualist writer Walburga, Lady Paget in her book Colloquies with an unseen friend ( 1907 ) was an early writer to mention the hollow earth theory, she claimed that cities exist beneath a desert, which is where the descendants of Atlantis moved to, she further claimed that an entrance will be discovered to this subterranean kingdom in the 21st century.

Using Huygens ' theory and the principle of superposition of waves, the complex amplitude at a further point P is found by summing the contributions from each point on the sphere of radius r < sub > 0 </ sub >.

The utility of operational definitions was carried much further in the special theory of relativity.

In 1933, Stalin put forward the theory of aggravation of the class struggle along with the development of socialism, arguing that the further the country would move forward, the more acute forms of struggle will be used by the doomed remnants of exploiter classes in their last desperate effortsand that, therefore, political repression was necessary.

A pivotal book on Hart was written by Neil MacCormick in 1981 ( second edition due in 2007 ), which further refined and offered some important criticisms that led MacCormick to develop his own theory ( the best example of which is his recently published Institutions of Law, 2007 ).