Thus it is a ' complementary ' copy of the mRNA, and is thus called complementary DNA ( cDNA ).

Thus, genomics is the study of all the genes of a cell, or tissue, at the DNA ( genotype ), mRNA ( transcriptome ), or protein ( proteome ) levels.

Thus the 5 ' cap is a marker of an actively translating mRNA and is used by cells to regulate mRNA half-lives in response to new stimuli.

Thus, cocaine use ultimately appears to lead to an increase in the transcription of prodynorphin mRNA.

Thus, while mRNA gene expression data and proteomic analyses do not tell the whole story of what might be happening in a cell, metabolic profiling can give an instantaneous snapshot of the physiology of that cell.

Thus, at pH between 2. 2 and 9. 4, the predominant form adopted by α-amino acids contains a negative carboxylate and a positive α-ammonium group, as shown in structure ( 2 ) on the right, so has net zero charge.

Thus the harmonisation was replaced in the 5th century by the canonical four gospels individually, in the Peshitta version, whose Syriac text nevertheless contains many Diatessaronic readings.

Thus Ockham argued that " Socrates has wisdom ", which apparently asserts the existence of a reference for " wisdom ", can be rewritten as " Socrates is wise ", which contains only the referring phrase " Socrates ".

Thus, for example, the statement, " It is true that two plus two equals four ", contains no more information than the statement " two plus two equals four ", because the phrase " it is true that ..." is always implicitly there.

Thus a point y in V is a cluster point of the net if and only if every neighborhood Y of y contains infinitely many elements of the sequence.

Thus the area contains about one third of the population of the Kuyavia-Pomerania region ( which has about 2. 1 million inhabitants ).

Thus, Aroclor 1260 has 12 carbon atoms and contains 60 % chlorine by mass.

Thus, today, the auks are no longer separated in their own suborder (" Alcae "), but are considered part of the Lari suborder which otherwise contains gulls and similar birds.

Thus, the ontology of pilot wave theory contains as the trajectory we know from classical mechanics, as the wave function of quantum theory.

Thus, the genus nowadays contains roughly 1, 500-2, 000 species.

Thus the flower of a lily contains six stamens ( the microsporangia ) which produce microspores which develop into pollen grains ( the microgametophytes ), and three fused carpels ( the megasporangia ) which produce megaspores which develop into ovules ( the megagametophytes ).

Thus thermal radiation contains information about the body that emitted it, while Hawking radiation seems to contain no such information, and depends only on the mass, angular momentum, and charge of the black hole ( the no-hair theorem ).

Q containing these elements contains all the roots of p. Thus

Thus, for example, the word " kartṛi ", meaning " agent " or " doer ", does not contain, contrary to intuitive English prosodic principles, simply two syllabic units, but contains rather, in order, a " deergh " / " guru "/ " heavy " foot and a " laghu " / " light " foot.

Thus, Cowdery's account, containing a single vision, differs from Smith's 1832 account, which contains two separate visions, one in 1821 prompted by religious confusion ( the First Vision ) and a separate one regarding the plates on September 22, 1822.

Thus, the blade contains the blood of Morath who sacrificed his life for his friend, not the blood of Kahless.

Thus, the main hall in Tongdosa opens out onto a stupa which the faithful claim contains relics of the Buddha ; Haeinsa has two large buildings holding the Tripitaka Koreana ; and Songgwangsa has several prominent buildings dedicated to its monastic community ( including the numerous Seon ( Zen ) masters the temple has produced ).

Thus 24-carat gold means 100 % pure, 12-carat gold means the alloy contains 50 % gold, etc.

More specifically, the running time for testing whether H is a minor of G in this case is O ( n < sup > 3 </ sup >), where n is the number of vertices in G and the big O notation hides a constant that depends superexponentially on H. Thus, by applying the polynomial time algorithm for testing whether a given graph contains any of the forbidden minors, it is possible to recognize the members of any minor-closed family in polynomial time.

Thus the encyclopaedia contains, for example, both the Russian entry on Greece as well as a much larger one prepared by Greek contributors.

Thus such sets of points impose one fewer condition on cubics containing them than expected, and accordingly satisfy an additional constraint, namely the Cayley – Bacharach theorem that any cubic that contains eight of the points necessarily contains the ninth.

Thus, in sharp contrast to the chapel dedicated to St. Gregory and St. Augustine which contains vibrant mosaics, the chapel of the Holy Souls employs a more subdued, almost funereal style, decoration with late Victorian on a background of silver.

Thus much of the team's original discography contains minuscule contributions to several big Nintendo R & D1 and Nintendo EAD titles.

Thus the Lüshunkou district contains 6 sub-districts and 7 towns ( see Political divisions of China: Levels ), and is itself under the prefecture level sub-provincial capital city, Dalian.

Thus, there is freshness not only in the individual movements of the dance but in the shape of their continuity as well.

Thus jazz is transmuted into something holy, the sacred road to integration of being.

Thus the fictional detective is much more than a simple businessman.

Thus the cocktail party would appear to be the ideal system, but there is one weakness.

Thus in both types attention is focused on the community itself, and its phenomenological life.

Thus, it is no mystical intuition, but an analyzable conception to say that man and his tradition can `` fall out of existence ''.

Thus human perception and human volition is the immanent cause of all social change and this most truly when the change reaches the civilizational level.

Thus, circular motion is itself one of the essential characteristics of completely perfect celestial existence.

Thus, in no ordinary sense of ' simplicity ' is the Ptolemaic theory simpler than the Copernican.

Thus Burns's `` My love is like a red, red rose '' and Hopkins' `` The thunder-purple sea-beach, plumed purple of Thunder '' although clearly intelligible in content, hardly present ideas of the sort with which we are here concerned.

Thus science is the savior of mankind, and in this respect Childhood's End only blueprints in greater detail the vision of the future which, though not always so directly stated, has nevertheless been present in the minds of most science-fiction writers.

Thus the copywriter in the world of the space merchants is the person who in earlier ages might have been a lyric poet, the person `` capable of putting together words that stir and move and sing ''.

Thus there is a clearer division of authority, administrative and legislative.

Thus, as a development program is being launched, commitments and obligations must be entered into in a given year which may exceed by twofold or threefold the expenditures to be made in that year.

Thus, the need for the B-70 as a strategic weapon system is doubtful.

Thus technical efficiency is achieved at the expense of actual experience.

Thus, there is an added incentive to stay on the job.

Thus, the Span of its ossification was shortened and the center's ability to `` catch up '' in ossification is demonstrated.

Thus T is not diagonalizable.

Thus Af is divisible by the minimal polynomial P of T, i.e., Af divides Af.

Thus, the study of the solutions to the equation Af is reduced to the study of the space of solutions of a differential equation of the form Af.

Thus in the three-dice example Af, Af, and the independence assumption imply that the probability that the three dice fall ace, not-ace, ace in that order is Af.

Thus we do not score the number of bull's-eyes, and the random variable is not the number of successes.

Thus if E is sufficiently small, there can be only one intersection of C and Af near Q, for if there were more than one intersection for every E then the difference between C and Af near Q would not be a monotone function.

Thus Af is also continuous at Af, and in a neighborhood of Af which does not contain a tangent point.