Cathedral of Saint-Gatien, Tours.

Saint Gatien's Cathedral is the Roman Catholic cathedral church of the Tours diocese and the metropolitan cathedral of the Tours ecclesiastic province, in Indre-et-Loire, France.

# Redirect Tours Cathedral

Also, the Cathedral and newly built St. Martin of Tours Church ( 1853 ) were believed to house weaponry in their basements.

The present parish church of Saint Martin of Tours is a Grade I listed building and was built in the late 14th and 15th centuries in the Perpendicular style.

Although the azure ground ( from the blue cope of St. Martin of Tours ) strewn with gold fleur-de-lis remained the symbol of royalty until the 15th.

The page given as source of the article gives various fanciful origins for those who introduced this tradition, such as: survivors from the Battle of Tours ( during which Charles Martel fought the Saracens in 732, 350 km and many centuries away ), refugees from the Balkans fleeing the Ottoman Turks in the 15th century after the Fall of Constantinople, Burgundians settling in Bresse in the 5th-6th century and carrying with them Nordic-style chimneys, or monk-soldiers of the 12th century.

Promoted general of division in 1875, he successively commanded the 15th infantry division at Dijon, the IX army corps at Tours, and in 1882 the XII army corps at Limoges.

Jerome's first revision of the Itala ( A. D. 383 ), known as the Roman, is still used at St Peter's in Rome, but the " Gallican ", thanks especially to St Gregory of Tours, who introduced it into Gaul in the 6th century, has ousted it everywhere else.

In addition to these, there is a history of the Franks written in the late sixth century by Gregory of Tours which mentions events in Kent.

In 1530, Erasmus published a new edition of the orthodox treatise of Algerus against the heretic Berengar of Tours in the eleventh century.

Gregory of Tours, writing in Tours in the 6th century, supports the tradition that she retired to Ephesus, with no mention of any connection to Gaul.

The earliest known use of the term " transubstantiation " to describe the change from bread and wine to body and blood of Christ that was believed to occur in the Eucharist was by Hildebert de Lavardin, Archbishop of Tours ( died 1133 ), in the eleventh century and by the end of the twelfth century the term was in widespread use.

In the eleventh century, Berengar of Tours denied that any material change in the elements was needed to explain the Eucharistic Presence, thereby provoking a considerable stir.

The name evolved in the 4th century when the original Gallic name, Turones, became first " Civitas Turonum " then " Tours ".

In the 6th century Gregory of Tours, author of the Ten Books of History, made his mark on the town by restoring the cathedral destroyed by a fire in 561.

In the 9th century, Tours was at the heart of the Carolingian Rebirth, in particular because of Alcuin abbot of Marmoutier.

Tours became the capital of the county of Tours or Touraine, territory bitterly disputed between the counts of Blois and Anjou – the latter were victorious in the 9th century.

It was the capital of France at the time of Louis XI, who had settled in the castle of Montils ( today the castle of Plessis in La Riche, western suburbs of Tours ), Tours and Touraine remained until the 16th century a permanent residence of the kings and court.

The importance of the city as a centre of communications contributed to its revival and, as the 20th century progressed, Tours became a dynamic conurbation, economically oriented towards the service sector.

He was succeeded first by his son Fulk II the Good ( 941 or 942 – c. 960 ), and then by the son of the latter, Geoffrey I Grisegonelle ( Greytunic ) ( c. 960 – 21 July 987 ), who inaugurated a policy of expansion, having as its objects the extension of the boundaries of the ancient countship and the reconquest of those parts of it which had been annexed by the neighbouring states ; for, though western Anjou had been recovered from the dukes of Brittany since the beginning of the 10th century, in the east all the district of Saumur had already by that time fallen into the hands of the counts of Blois and Tours.

Berengar of Tours ( c. 999 – January 6, 1088 ) was a French 11th century Christian theologian and Archdeacon of Angers, a scholar whose leadership of the cathedral school at Chartres set an example of intellectual inquiry through the revived tools of dialectic that was soon followed at cathedral schools of Laon and Paris, and who disputed with the Church leadership over the doctrine of transubstantiation in the Eucharist.

Berengar of Tours was born perhaps at Tours, probably in the early years of the 11th century.

The last ancient source to mention the Chatti, if only in a quotation of Sulpicius Alexander describing events of the late 4th century, was Gregory of Tours.

Later Christian chroniclers and pre-20th century historians praised Charles Martel as the champion of Christianity, characterizing the battle as the decisive turning point in the struggle against Islam, a struggle which preserved Christianity as the religion of Europe ; according to modern military historian Victor Davis Hanson, " most of the 18th and 19th century historians, like Gibbon, saw Poitiers ( Tours ), as a landmark battle that marked the high tide of the Muslim advance into Europe.

Khalid Yahya Blankinship argued that the military defeat at Tours was one of the failures that contributed to the decline of the Umayyad caliphate: " Stretching from Morocco to China, the Umayyad caliphate based its expansion and success on the doctrine of jihad — armed struggle to claim the whole earth for God's rule, a struggle that had brought much material success for a century but suddenly ground to a halt followed by the collapse of the ruling Umayyad dynasty in 750 AD.

As types of local martyrologies we may quote that of Rome, formed from the Depositio martyrum and the Depositio episcoporum of the chronograph of 354 ; the Gothic calendar of IJililas Bible, the calendar of Carthage published by Mabillon, the calendar of fasts and vigils of the Church of Tours, going back as far as Bishop Perpetuus ( d. 490 ), and preserved in the Historia Francorum ( xi.

The outstanding handful of Frankish saints who were not of the Merovingian kinship nor the family alliances that provided Merovingian counts and dukes, deserve a closer inspection for that fact alone: like Gregory of Tours, they were almost without exception from the Gallo-Roman aristocracy in regions south and west of Merovingian control.

Prior to Tours, stirrups may have been unknown in the west.

It joins the river Loire in Villandry, west of Tours.

south of Blois, west of Vierzon and east of Tours.

It is used by intercity TGV trains to the west and south-west of France including Tours, Bordeaux, Rennes and Nantes, and by suburban and regional services on the Transilien Paris – Montparnasse routes.

They provided for German occupation of three-fifths of France north and west of a line through Geneva, Tours and the Spanish border so as to give the German Navy ( Kriegsmarine ) access to all French Channel and Atlantic ports.

They operate longer distance TER services, particularly in the areas south and west of Paris, the Paris to Laon line, around Tours, Nantes, Toulouse, Lyon, Dijon, Nevers, Grenoble, Bordeaux and the South Coast of France.

Neither wanted to attack, but Abd-al-Raḥmân felt in the end obligated to sack Tours, which meant he had to go through the Frankish army on the hill in front of him.

While the set's overall design consisted of simply an arch in front of a sloped video screen, Williams wanted to incorporate a mirrorball into the set, which was previously been featured on both The Joshua Tree and Zoo TV Tours.

However, this was not successful, for according to Gregory of Tours, Amalaric pressured her to forsake her Roman Catholic faith and convert to Arian Christianity, at one point beating her until she bled ; she sent to her brother Childebert I, king of Paris a towel stained with her own blood.

The war of Clovis with the Alemanni forms the setting for the conversion of Clovis, briefly treated by Gregory of Tours ( Book II. 31 ) Subsequently the Alemanni formed part of the Frankish dominions and were governed by a Frankish duke.

She is – along with St. Denis, St. Martin of Tours, St. Louis IX, and St. Theresa of Lisieux – one of the patron saints of France.

The Mackinac Bridge carries Interstate 75 and the Lakes Michigan and Huron components of the Great Lakes Circle Tours across the straits and connects the city of St. Ignace on the north end with the village of Mackinaw City on the south.

In 1126, Louis insisted on filling episcopal vacancies in the See of Tours with his own candidates over Hildebert ’ s objections.

When the Spanish bishop and ascetic Priscillian, accused by his fellow bishops of heresy, was executed by the emperor Magnus Maximus under the charge of magic, Siricus — along with Ambrose of Milan and Martin of Tours — protested against this verdict.

On the other hand, at a synod convened by Louis at Tours in September 1510 the French bishops withdrew from papal obedience, and resolved, with Emperor Maximilian's cooperation, to seek the deposition of the pope.

Bede says that Ninian was a Briton who had been instructed in Rome ; that he made his church of stone, which was unusual among the Britons ; that his episcopal see was named after Saint Martin of Tours ; that he preached to and converted the southern Picts ; that his base was at " hwit ærn ", which was in the province of the Bernicians ; and that he was buried there, along with many other saints.

Leaving aside the tales regarding miracles, in the Vita Sancti Niniani Ailred includes the following incidental information regarding Saint Ninian: that his father was a Christian king ; that he was consecrated a bishop in Rome and that he met Saint Martin in Tours ; that Saint Martin sent masons with him on his homeward journey, at his request ; that these masons built a church of stone, situated on the shore, and on learning of Saint Martin's death, Ninian dedicated the church to him ; that a certain rich and powerful " King Tuduvallus " was converted by him ; that he died after having converted the Picts and returned home, being buried in a stone sarcophagus near the altar of his church ; and that he had once travelled with a holy person named " Plebia ".

Thus Tours became a garrison town with a resident general staff.

The buildings of Tours are white with blue slate ( called Ardoise ) roofs ; this style is common in the north of France, while most buildings in the south of France have terracotta roofs.

Today, with its extensive rail ( including TGV ) and autoroute links to the rest of the country, Tours is a jumping-off point for tourist visits to the Loire Valley and the royal chateaux.

Tours is twinned with:

Gallo-Roman language persisted in the northeast into the Silva Carbonaria that formed an effective cultural barrier, with the Franks to the north and east, and in the northwest to the lower valley of the Loire, where Gallo-Roman culture interfaced with Frankish culture in a city like Tours and in the person of that Gallo-Roman bishop confronted with Merovingian royals, Gregory of Tours.

XCOR Aerospace also plans to initiate a suborbital commercial spaceflight service with the Lynx rocketplane in 2012 through a partnership with RocketShip Tours.