A prior separation stage is necessary and the additives are first separated by high liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) and then determined on-line using a UV and / or visible detector.

Traditional spectroscopic methods such as infrared spectroscopy, optical rotation, UV / VIS spectroscopy provide relatively nonspecific structural information but remain in use for specific classes of compounds.

This ' gate fold ' record sleeve features UV / stroboscopic effect | stroboscopic photography.

# Hydrocarbon generation and migration with the presence of: a ) numerous DHIs on seismic, including gas chimneys, flat spots, bright spots, phase changes and chemosynthetic reefs ; b ) gas sniffer anomalies, involving ethane / iso-butane in the southeast and propane / normal butane / total hydrocarbon in the north and northeast ; c ) UV fluorescence anomalies, especially over the wells and in the southeast ; and d ) 4 types of beach-stranded tar that correlate to the local source rock stratigraphy.

* AF-3L UV / visible astrophotometer

For non-metallic materials it is often possible to obtain UV / VIS spectra.

Beckman DU640 UV / Vis spectrophotometer.

Ultraviolet – visible spectroscopy or ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry ( UV-Vis or UV / Vis ) refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflectance spectroscopy in the ultraviolet-visible spectral region.

An example of a UV / Vis readout

UV / Vis spectroscopy is routinely used in analytical chemistry for the quantitative determination of different analytes, such as transition metal ions, highly conjugated organic compounds, and biological macromolecules.

Thus, for a fixed path length, UV / Vis spectroscopy can be used to determine the concentration of the absorber in a solution.

A UV / Vis spectrophotometer may be used as a detector for HPLC.

The Woodward-Fieser rules, for instance, are a set of empirical observations used to predict λ < sub > max </ sub >, the wavelength of the most intense UV / Vis absorption, for conjugated organic compounds such as dienes and ketones.

To apply UV / Vis spectroscopy to analysis, these variables must be controlled or accounted for in order to identify the substances present.

The above factor contribute to the measurement uncertainty of the results obtained with UV / Vis spectrophotometry.

If UV / Vis spectrophotometry is used in quantitative chemical analysis then the results are additionally affected by uncertainty sources arising from the nature of the compounds and / or solutions that are measured.

The instrument used in ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is called a UV / Vis spectrophotometer.

Diagram of a single-beam UV / Vis spectrophotometer.

Samples for UV / Vis spectrophotometry are most often liquids, although the absorbance of gases and even of solids can also be measured.

de: UV / VIS-Spektroskopie

et: UV / Vis spektroskoopia

nl: UV / VIS-spectroscopie

The schematic of an HPLC instrument typically includes a sampler by which the sample mixture is injected into the HPLC, one or more mechanical pumps for pushing liquid through a tubing system, a separation column, a digital analyte detector ( e. g. a UV / Vis, or a photodiode array ( PDA )) for qualitative or quantitative analysis of the separation, and a digital microprocessor for controlling the HPLC components ( and user software ).

The photoisomerization dynamics has been investigated with time-resolved IR spectroscopy and UV / Vis spectroscopy.

In the first applications, NIRS was used only as an add-on unit to other optical devices that used other wavelengths such as ultraviolet ( UV ), visible ( Vis ), or mid-infrared ( MIR ) spectrometers.

Beckman DU640 UV / Vis spectrophotometer

Most notably, UV CD is used to investigate the secondary structure of proteins.

This may be due to poor-quality CD recorder drives, low-quality discs, or incorrect storage, as the information-bearing dye layer of most CD-recordable discs is at least slightly sensitive to UV light and will be slowly bleached out if exposed to any amount of it.

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Xerox is working on an inkless printer which will use a special reusable paper coated with a few micrometres of UV light sensitive chemicals.

UV Ceti is an unusual binary variable star.

Although the additives used have made cyanine more stable, it is still the most sensitive of the dyes in UV rays ( showing signs of degradation within a week of direct sunlight exposure ).

Unlike cyanine, phthalocyanine is less resistant to UV rays and CD-Rs based on this dye show signs of degradation only after two weeks of direct sunlight exposure.

Azo is the most resistant dye against UV rays and begins to degrade only after the third or fourth week of direct sunlight exposure.

Climatotherapy at the Dead Sea is an effective therapy for patients with psoriasis, who benefit from sunbathing for long periods in the area due to its position below sea level and subsequent result that many of the sun's harmful UV rays are reduced.

This high end of the ultraviolet spectrum with energies in the approximate ionization range, is sometimes called " extreme UV.

This caveat also applies to the ultraviolet ( UV ) spectrum, even though almost all of it is not ionizing, because UV can damage molecules due to electronic excitation which is far greater per unit energy than heating effects produce.

The mercury vapor emission spectrum is dominated by a short-wave UV line at 254 nm ( which provides most of the energy to the phosphors ), accompanied by visible light emission at 436 nm ( blue ), 546 nm ( green ) and 579 nm ( yellow-orange ).

As the labelled DNA molecules are separated, the fluorescent label is excited by a UV source, and the identity of the base terminating the molecule is identified by the wavelength of the emitted light.

If the DNA is to be used after separation on the agarose gel, it is best to avoid exposure to UV light by using a blue light excitation source such as the XcitaBlue UV to blue light conversion screen from Bio-Rad or Dark Reader from Clare Chemicals.

Blue light is also better for visualization since it is safer than UV ( eye-protection is not such a critical requirement ) and passes through transparent plastic and glass.

In one study, a vanadium pentoxide surface that can switch reversibly between superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity under the influence of UV radiation is presented.

The UV effect is also explained.

In order to comprehend why humans are essentially hairless, it is essential to understand that mammalian body hair is not merely an aesthetic characteristic ; it protects the skin from wounds, bites, heat, cold, and UV radiation.