Under Imam Abu Hanifa, the witr prayer was considered to be compulsory and the Hanafis also differed with other sects in relation to methods of taking ablution, prayers and payment of tithe or zakat.

Under protest from the PLO, Iraq, and Libya, who claimed that because Abu Daoud was traveling to a PLO comrade's funeral he should receive diplomatic immunity, the French government refused a West German extradition request on grounds that forms had not been filled in properly, and put him on a plane to Algeria before Germany could submit another request.

* Under admirals Abu Abd Allah ibn Maymum of Almeria and Isa ibn Mayum of Sevilla, the Almoravid fleet attacks the Christian kingdom of Galicia.

Under the first three Caliphs, Abu Bakr, Omar, and Othman, Medina was the capital of a rapidly increasing Muslim Empire.

Under Abu Tahir Al-Jannabi they came close to capturing Baghdad in 923 and sacked Mecca in 930.

Under the leadership of Abu Ahmad ’ s descendants, the Chishtiya as they are also known, flourished as a regional mystical order.

Under the leadership of Ramadan al-Swehli, the city was used a base of support for the Ottoman Empire and his Misratan army dealt a major blow to the Italians at Qasr Abu Hadi near Sirte in April 1915.

Under their rule, the eastern Islamic world witnessed the emergence of prominent Persian poets such as Fayrouz Mashriqi, Abu Salik al-Jirjani, and Muhammad bin Wasif al-Sistani, who was a court poet.

Under the successors of Salih ibn Tarif, Ilyas ibn Salih ( CE 792-842 ); Yunus ( CE 842-888 ) and Abu Ghufail ( CE 888 – 913 ) the tribal kingdom was consolidated, and missions sent to neighbouring tribes.

Under Abu Tahir Al-Jannabi ( ruled 923 – 944 ) the Qarmaṭians came close to raiding Baghdad in 927 and sacked Mecca and Medina in 930.

Under the leadership of Abu Bakr and Bilaal Abdullah, the group staged an attempted coup d ’ état in 1990.

Under Ibn al-Aftas ' successors, Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abdallah al-Muzzaffar ( 1045 – 1065 ) and his two sons ' Umar ibn Muhammad al-Mutawakkil ( 1065-1094 in Évora ) and Yahya ibn Muhammad al-Mansur ( 1065-1072 in Badajoz ), the Taifa of Badajoz not only controlled large expanses of western Spain and Portugal, but was also a major centre of Islamic culture, which was fostered by the Aftasid rulers.

Under the name Tusyan, probably a corruption of Busenan, Abu Snan was mentioned as part of the domain of the Crusaders during the hudna between the Crusaders based in Acre and the Mamluk sultan al-Mansur ( Qalawun ) declared in 1283.

Under Parthian and Sassanian Iranian empires, scholars concentrated on exchanging knowledge and inventions by the countries around them – India, China, and the Roman Empire, when it is thought to be expanded over the other countries.

* 1972 – Kevin Plank, American businessman, founded Under Armour

* 2005 – Under international pressure, Syria withdraws the last of its 14, 000 troop military garrison in Lebanon, ending its 29-year military domination of that country ( Syrian occupation of Lebanon ).

Under one of these emperors, Romanos IV Diogenes ( 1067 – 1071 ), Alexios served with distinction against the Seljuq Turks.

Under Michael VII Doukas Parapinakes ( 1071 – 1078 ) and Nikephoros III Botaneiates ( 1078 – 1081 ), he was also employed, along with his elder brother Isaac, against rebels in Asia Minor, Thrace, and in Epirus.

Under Seleucid rule ( 330 BC – approximately 150 BC ), however, Aramaic gave way to Greek as the official administrative language.

Under normal unstressed conditions, the human adrenal glands produce the equivalent of 35 – 40 mg of cortisone acetate per day.

* 1755 – Under the orders of Charles Lawrence, the British Army begins to forcibly deport the Acadians from Nova Scotia to the Thirteen Colonies.

Under the management of Luigi Barbesino, the Roman club came close to their first title in 1935 – 36 ; finishing just one point behind champions Bologna.

* – both of Young's books were commissioned by the U. S. Department of Defense, Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense ( Installations and Environment )

Under the influence of Richard Strauss ( among other works Also sprach Zarathustra ) ( Stevens 1993, 15 – 17

Under Pope Paul V ( reigned 1605 – 1621 ), a major conflict arose between Venice and the Papacy.

Under the Comnenian dynasty ( 1081 – 1185 ), Byzantium staged a remarkable recovery.

Under Pope Julius III, the Council met in Trent ( 1551 – 52 ) for the twelfth through sixteenth sessions, and under Pope Pius IV, the seventeenth through twenty-fifth sessions took place in Trent ( 1559 – 63 ).

Under Pope Clement VII ( 1523 – 34 ), troops of the Catholic Holy Roman Emperor Charles V sacked Papal Rome in 1527, “ raping, killing, burning, stealing, the like had not been seen since the Vandals ”.

Under unspecific or impersonal coercion the conditional threats come from well-known and socially accepted general rules and – rather than any individual or sub-group – and are directed against anybody in the stated conditions, according to clearly stated principles of due process.

Under client – server, should a critical server fail, clients ’ requests cannot be fulfilled by this failed entity, but may be taken by another parallel server which has access to the same data as the failed entity.

Under the Curry – Howard correspondence, the existence of currying and uncurrying is equivalent to the logical theorem, as tuples ( product type ) corresponds to conjunction in logic, and function type corresponds to implication.

Under Docherty's successor, Dave Sexton, Chelsea won the FA Cup in 1970, beating Leeds United 2 – 1 in a final replay.

Under Mourinho, Chelsea became the fifth English team to win back-to-back league championships since the Second World War ( 2004 – 05 and 2005 – 06 ), in addition to winning an FA Cup ( 2007 ) and two League Cups ( 2005 and 2007 ).

Under caretaker manager Roberto Di Matteo, Chelsea won their seventh FA Cup, and their first UEFA Champions League title, beating Bayern Munich 4 – 3 on penalties, the first London club to win the trophy.

Under another law, hundreds of farms were seized.

Under Sinell's instruction, Columbanus composed a commentary on the Psalms ( for another identification, see Mo Sinu moccu Min ).

Under Section 377A of the Penal Code, the introduction of the penis into the anus or mouth of another person is considered a " carnal intercourse against the order of nature " and is punishable with imprisonment of 20 years maximum and whipping.

Following the original roots of modern graffiti as a political force came another game title, Marc Eckō's Getting Up: Contents Under Pressure ( 2006 ), featuring a story line involving fighting against a corrupt city and its oppression of free speech, as in the Jet Set Radio series.

Under such conditions every formula of the form, where ( T ) is a string of quantifiers containing all quantifiers in ( S ) and ( S ') interleaved among themselves in any fashion, but maintaining the relative order inside ( S ) and ( S '), will be equivalent to the original formula Φ '( this is yet another basic result in first-order predicate calculus that we rely on ).

Under, the Supreme court has original and exclusive jurisdiction over controversies between two or more states, and original ( but non-exclusive ) jurisdiction over cases involving officials of foreign states, controversies between the federal government and a state, actions by a state against the citizens of another state or foreign country.

" Under this principle, refugees who requested asylum in another country first, or who had the opportunity to do so would not subsequently be granted asylum in Malawi.

Under Salazar, Portugal instituted another form of cash crop creation called the concession system.

Under some circumstances one moving charged particle can exert a force on another without any return force.

Under a federalist constitution that was later brought up in 1858 ( and another one in 1863 ), Panama and other constituent states gained almost complete autonomy on many levels of their administration, which led to an often anarchic national state of affairs that lasted roughly until Colombia's return to centralism in 1886 with the establishment of a new Republic of Colombia.

Under his father's rule, the protracted, bloody, and distracting birth pangs of Argentina and Uruguay, the bellicose policies of Brazil, and Francia's noninterventionist policies had worked in conjunction with one another to preserve Paraguayan independence.

The bulk of the band's music has always included synthetic instruments in some form or another, and this is a great source of contention in the Rush camp, especially the band's heavy reliance on synthesizers and keyboards during the 1980s, particularly on albums Grace Under Pressure, Power Windows, and Hold Your Fire.

Under the Miller test, a work is obscene if: Note that " community " standards — not national standards — are applied whether the material appeals to the prurient interest ; thus, material may be deemed obscene in one locality but not in another.

Under the Broadcasting Act, a network is defined as " any operation where control over all or any part of the programs or program schedules of one or more broadcasting undertakings is delegated to another undertaking or person " and must be licensed by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission ( CRTC ).

Under such a system, when exchange rates rise above or fall below the fixed mint rate by more than the cost of shipping gold from one country to another, large inflows or outflows occur until the rates return to the official level.

Under normal circumstances, CILP slows the activity of another protein, TGFβ1.

Under Germanicus, the Romans marched another army, along with allied Germanic auxiliaries, into Germania again in 16 CE.

Under NUMA, a processor can access its own local memory faster than non-local memory, that is, memory local to another processor or memory shared between processors.

Under the terms of the MFJ, the RBOCs are generally prohibited from providing services that originate in one LATA and terminate in another.

* Under the direct control of another device

Under similar circumstances, previous Union commanders had chosen to withdraw behind the Rappahannock, but Grant instead ordered Meade to move around Lee's right flank and seize the important crossroads at Spotsylvania Court House to the southeast, hoping that by interposing his army between Lee and Richmond, he could lure the Confederates into another battle on a more favorable field.

Under the Indian trademark law, any distinctive and identifying mark, which is capable of distinguishing the goods and services of one owner from that of another, may be utilized as Trademark and such marks are afforded protection under the law.

Under the Ley de Igualdad de Oportunidades ( Law of Equal Opportunities ), no person can be discriminated by their disabilities if they are equally capable as another person.