Under Mao, the People's Republic grew antagonistic towards what they saw as the new Soviet leadership's " revisionism ", resulting in the Sino-Soviet Split in 1960.

Under the leadership of CPC and Mao Zedong, a parallel international communist movement emerged to rival that of the Soviets, although it was never as formalized and homogeneous as the pro-Soviet tendency.

Under pressure from political radicals in the Mouvement pour l ' évolution sociale de l ' Afrique noire ( Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa or MESAN ) and in an attempt to cultivate alternative sources of support and display his ability to make foreign policy without the help of the French government, Dacko established diplomatic relations with Mao Zedong's People's Republic of China ( PRC ) in September 1964.

Under the direction of Mao and Zhou, the Red Army finally arrived at the remote Communist base of Yan ' an, Shaanxi, in December 1936.

Under immense pressure, Chiang was forced to sign a peace agreement with Mao in October 1945.

Under Mao, blind itinerants called shuoshude played a three-string lute in “ household ritual contexts ” using their narrative “ as a potent force for social reform ” by the Communist party.

Under order from Mao Zedong, he was expelled from the party, and executed in 1947.

Under these circumstances, Mao used his diplomatic skills to communicate with Wang Jiaxiang, General Commissar of Red Army at that time, and got support from most of the generals that once had been loyal to him.

Under orders of Madame Mao, a collective of musicians from the Central Philharmonic Society including Yin Chengzong, Liu Zhuang, Chu Wanghua, Sheng Lihong, Shi Shucheng, and Xu Feixing rearranged the cantata into a four-movement piano concerto:

Under Lenin the party ruled through the government, for instance, the only political office held by Lenin was Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, but following Lenin's health the party took control of government activities.

Under the Basic Law of Hong Kong, its diplomatic relations and defence are the responsibility of the Central People's Government of the PRC.

Under the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the NPC is the highest organ of state power in China.

Under the constitution adopted in 1936 and modified along the way until October 1977, the political foundation of the Soviet Union was formed by the Soviets ( Councils ) of People's Deputies.

Under the 1992 constitution, there are two parliamentary bodies, a unicameral People's Council or Halk Maslahaty ( supreme legislative body of up to 2, 500 delegates, some of whom are elected by popular vote and some of whom are appointed ; meets at least yearly ) and a unicameral Assembly or Mejlis ( 50 seats, scheduled to be increased to 65, whose members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms ).

Under the One-China policy, this would result in the severing of ties with the People's Republic of China.

Under strict orders to clear the Square by dawn, the People's Liberation Army pushed through makeshift blockades set up by demonstrators in western Beijing on their way to Tiananmen Square.

Under the auspice of Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, work teams-effectively ' ideological-guidance ' squads of cadres-were sent to the city's schools and People's Daily to restore some semblance of order.

Under Putin, Russia has sought to strengthen ties with the People's Republic of China by signing the Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation as well building the Trans-Siberian oil pipeline geared toward growing Chinese energy needs.

Under the Development Plan for Renewable Energy in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan in the People's Republic of China, the target is to increase the application of ethanol fuel by nongrain feedstock to 2 million tonnes, and that of biodiesel to 200 thousand tonnes by 2010.

Under Hồ the party had followed a policy of neutrality between the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China, in the aftermath of the Sino-Soviet split.

Under this definition, the Hui people are defined to include all historically Muslim communities in People's Republic of China that are not included in China's other ethnic groups.

Under influence from official usage, which is itself influenced by official usage by the People's Republic of China government, the mainland practice of naming the two Koreas differently has become more common.

Under Deng Xiaoping, the People's Republic of China proclaimed a policy of " socialism with Chinese characteristics ".

Hartnett was chosen as one of Teen People magazine's " 21 Hottest Stars Under 21 " in 1999, Teen People's " 25 Hottest Stars under 25 ", and one of People magazine's " 50 Most Beautiful People ", both in 2002.

Under the Basic Law the Chief Executive is the chief representative of people of Hong Kong and is the head of the government of Hong Kong, whose powers and functions include leading the government, implementing the law, signing bills and budgets passed by the Legislative Council, deciding on government policies, advising appointment and dismissal principal officials of the Government of Hong Kong to the Central People's Government, appointing judges and holders of certain public offices and to pardon or commute sentences.

Under the People's Republic of China it is a city administrative unit.

Under the auspices of the one country, two systems policy after 1997, when sovereignty of the former British crown colony was transferred to the People's Republic of China, the territory has continued to be common law jurisdiction, and English legal traditions have been preserved.

Under the government of the People's Republic of China, the Museum conducted a new audit as well as a thorough search of the Forbidden City, uncovering a number of important items.

Under Hassan's guidance and Bhutto's leadership, Bhutto's People's Party became a part of the pro-democracy movement involving diverse political parties from all across Pakistan.

Under the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, autonomous prefectures cannot be abolished.

Under his leadership, the Slovenian People's Party pursued an agrarian, ethnonationalist and corporatist ideology.

Chiang Kai-shek considered both the Han Chinese and all the minority peoples of China, the Five Races Under One Union, as descendants of Huangdi, the Yellow Emperor and semi mythical founder of the Chinese nation, and belonging to the Chinese Nation Zhonghua Minzu and he introduced this into Kuomintang ideology, which was propagated into the educational system of the Republic of China.

Under Khrushchev the local party leadership in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic ( Russian SFSR ) witnessed the largest turnover in provincial leaders since the Great Purge ; two out of three provincial leaders were replaced in 1953 alone.

Under Greek pressure, the European Union and NATO agreed that in order for the Republic of Macedonia to receive an invitation to join these institutions the name dispute must be resolved first.

Under his leadership, the German government sought to reduce tensions with the Soviet Union and improve relations with the German Democratic Republic, a policy known as the Ostpolitik.

Under the Second Spanish Republic, women were allowed to vote in general elections for the first time.

" Under the law of association, transmission of wealth does not apply to the instruments of labour, so cannot become a cause of inequality .... We are socialists ... under universal association, ownership of the land and of the instruments of labour is social ownership ... We want the mines, canals, railways handed over to democratically organised workers ' associations ... We want these associations to be models for agriculture, industry and trade, the pioneering core of that vast federation of companies and societies, joined together in the common bond of the democratic and social Republic.

Under the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan ( 1978 – 1992 ), weapon deliveries by the Soviets were increased and included Mi-24 helicopters, MiG-23 fighter aircraft, ZSU-23-4 " Shilka " and ZSU-57-2 anti-aircraft self-propelled mounts, MT-LB armored personnel carriers, BM-27 " Uragan " and BM-21 " Grad " multiple-launch rocket systems and FROG-7 and Scud launchers.

Under current president Daniel Ortega, Nicaragua has stayed current with the Central American-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement, which entered into force for Nicaragua on April 1, 2006.

Under a federalist constitution that was later brought up in 1858 ( and another one in 1863 ), Panama and other constituent states gained almost complete autonomy on many levels of their administration, which led to an often anarchic national state of affairs that lasted roughly until Colombia's return to centralism in 1886 with the establishment of a new Republic of Colombia.

Under the treaty, Russia became known as the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic ( RSFSR ).

Under the Republic of China ( 1911 – 1949 ), Shanghai's political status was finally raised to that of a municipality on 14 July 1927.

Under Dzhokkar Dudayev, Chechnya declared independence as the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, using self-determination, Russia's history of bad treatment of Chechens, and a history of independence before invasion by Russia as main motives.

Under Adams, Sinn Féin changed its traditional policy of abstentionism towards Oireachtas Éireann, the parliament of the Republic of Ireland, in 1986 and later took seats in the power-sharing Northern Ireland Assembly.

Under Adams, Sinn Féin appeared to move away from being a political voice of the Provisional IRA to becoming a professionally organised political party in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.

Under Philip V of Macedon ( 221 – 179 BC ) and his son Perseus of Macedon ( 179 – 168 BC ), the kingdom clashed with the rising power of the Roman Republic.

Under the administrative division system of the Republic of China, some cities are directly administered by the Executive Yuan, some are administered by provinces ( the province of Taiwan is nominal ), and some are subordinate to counties.

Under the leadership of President Philibert Tsiranana, Madagascar's First Republic ( 1960 – 1972 ) was established as a democratic system modeled on that of France.

Under the Fourth Republic ( 1946 – 58 ), the federation was represented in the French parliament.

Under the rule of the Kings of France, important constitutional changes were made to the Republic of Metz.