Under equilibrium conditions of cutting the chip exerts a thrust Af against the knife which tends to push it into the substrate or lift it away from the substrate depending on the vector direction of Af.

Under the capable direction of the choir's founder, Geroge Bragg, the twenty-six boys made some lovely sounds in an opening group of Renaissance and Baroque madrigals and motets, excerpts from Pergolesi's `` Stabat Mater '' and all of the Britten `` Ceremonial Of Carols ''.

Under Yakov Segal's direction, it begins stirringly, as crouching Soviet and Nazi troops silently scan each other, waiting for the first surrender gesture.

Under the doctrine of continuing revelation, Latter-day Saints believe that Jesus Christ, under the direction of Heavenly Father, leads the church by revealing His will to its president, whom adherents regard as a modern-day " prophet, seer, and revelator ".

Under Section 2 ( b ) of the Contempt of Courts Act of 1971, civil contempt has been defined as wilful disobedience to any judgment, decree, direction, order, writ or other process of a court or wilful breach of an undertaking given to a court.

Under Burchinal's direction, Nicoli Schwiep designed both the album cover and insert layout.

Under the direction of Nebuchadnezzar II, Babylonian armies exiled three thousand Jews from Judah, deposing King Jehoiachin in 597 BCE.

Under the direction of the Cinematographer or Director of Photography, the DIT will make adjustments to the multitude of variables available in most professional digital cameras to creatively or technically manipulate the resulting image.

Under the new commercial direction and with the Mort's capital injection, the company diversified into books and miniature figures.

Under the new structure, the local offices would contribute a percentage of their income to the international organization, which would take responsibility for setting the overall direction of the movement with each regional office having one vote.

Under his direction, the theater produced plays about a class of people who were not considered appropriate subjects in other venues: prostitutes, criminals, street urchins, and others at the lower end of Paris's social echelon.

Under Hillman's direction, the group recorded a further two LPs.

Under the direction of the German Archaeological Institute, excavations at Hattusa have been underway since 1907, with interruptions during both wars.

Under his direction, a new and much lighter ship was developed, the caravel, which could sail further and faster.

Under Carleton's direction, Carson instituted a scorched earth policy, which coerced the Navajo to surrender.

Under the protectorate, French civil servants allied themselves with the French settlers ( colons ) and with their supporters in France to prevent any moves in the direction of Moroccan autonomy.

Under Stalin's direction in 1922, the party created departments of the Central Committee and other organs at lower levels that were responsible for the registration and appointment of party officials.

Under the direction of anthropologist Margaret Mead, the Parapsychological Association took a large step in advancing the field of parapsychology in 1969 when it became affiliated with the American Association for the Advancement of Science ( AAAS ), the largest general scientific society in the world.

Under Lipscomb's direction the Extended Huckel method was developed by Lawrence Lohr and by Roald Hoffmann.

Under the direction of Star Trek producer David Rossi and long-time Star Trek technical consultant Mike Okuda, the visual and special effects were recreated to give Star Trek: The Original Series a more authentic feel and modern look.

Under Shoghi Effendi's direction, National Spiritual Assemblies were formed, and many thousands of Local Spiritual Assemblies sprang up as the Bahá ' í Faith spread around the globe.

Under the direction of Gilbert Ryle, Adorno worked on a dialectical critique of Husserl's epistemology.

Under the direction of Dr. Hieu C. Truong, the RCM engineering division designed the two dollar coin to be made from two different metals.

Under the direction of Captain Stephan von Gröning, head of the Abwehr in Paris, he was trained in explosives, radio communications, parachute jumping and other subjects in France at La Bretonnière, near Nantes and dispatched to England to commit acts of sabotage.

Under the most favorable assumptions for increase, the Bureau of the Census projects that the annual rate of household formations will rise from about 883,000 in the last two years of the Fifties to an annual rate of about 1,018,000 in the first five years of the Sixties, and to a slightly higher annual rate of 1,083,000 in the second half of the decade.

Under the Governor-General Act of 1974 each new commission has resulted in a pay increase.

Under President René Préval ( President from 1996 to 2001 and from 2006 until 14 May 2011 ), the country's economic agenda included trade and tariff liberalization, measures to control government expenditure and increase tax revenues, civil-service downsizing, financial-sector reform, and the modernization of state-owned enterprises through their sale to private investors, the provision of private sector management contracts, or joint public-private investment.

Under pressure from the World Bank, it did agree to a 60 percent increase in 1990, with additional increases in 1991.

Under the Constitution of 1791, the solution of a constitutional monarchy was adopted, and the king supported a war against Austria in order to increase his popularity, starting the long French Revolutionary Wars.

Under Nehru, the Indian Parliament enacted many changes to Hindu law to criminalize caste discrimination and increase the legal rights and social freedoms of women.

Under the monopsonistic assumption, an appropriately set minimum wage could increase both wages and employment, with the optimal level being equal to the marginal productivity of labor.

Under Colbert, the French government became deeply involved in the economy in order to increase exports.

Under these conditions, will decrease, and oxygen gas, produced by the light reactions of photosynthesis, will decrease in the stem, not leaves, causing an increase of photorespiration by the oxygenase activity of ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase / oxygenase and decrease in carbon fixation.

" Under this definition, any increase in wealth — whether through wages, benefits, bonuses, sale of stock or other property at a profit, bets won, lucky finds, awards of punitive damages in a lawsuit, qui tam actions — are all within the definition of income, unless the Congress makes a specific exemption, as it has for items such as life insurance proceeds received by reason of the death of the insured party, gifts, bequests, devises and inheritances, and certain scholarships.

Under natural condition, the cotton balls will tend to increase the dispersion of the seeds.

This increase also spawned a popular backronym of UCI: " Under Construction Indefinitely.

Under the influence of continuous evaporation, the salt concentration of the aquifer water may increase continually and eventually cause an environmental problem.

Under the Wild Birds Directive, 26 sites totalling roughly 25 % of the nation's land are " Special Protected Areas "; the Natura 2000 proposal would increase the totals to 260 sites and 32 % of national territory.

Under the Development Plan for Renewable Energy in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan in the People's Republic of China, the target is to increase the application of ethanol fuel by nongrain feedstock to 2 million tonnes, and that of biodiesel to 200 thousand tonnes by 2010.

Under total utility maximization we should prefer B to A, and through a regressive process of population increases and happiness decreases ( in each pair of cases the happiness decrease is more than outweighed by the population increase ) we are forced to prefer Z, a world of hundreds of billion people all living lives barely worth living, to A.

Under immigration both groups are better off, but if this increase is offset by increase in the population, then average welfare is lower.

Under natural selection, a gene encoding a trait that enhances the fitness of each individual carrying it should increase in frequency within the population ; and conversely, a gene that lowers the individual fitness of its carriers should be eliminated.

Under each chin Satan flaps a pair of wings, which only serve to increase the cold winds in Cocytus and further imprison him and other traitors.

Under the concept of financial capital maintenance where capital is defined in terms of nominal monetary units, profit represents the increase in nominal money capital over the period.

Under the concept of physical capital maintenance when capital is defined in terms of the physical productive capacity, profit represents the increase in that capital over the period.

Under current director Neal Benezra, SFMOMA has seen an increase in both visitor numbers and membership while continuing to build its collection.

Under this assumption, some American groups created programs which aimed to increase the self-esteem of students.