Under United States patent law, the abstract may be called " Abstract of the Disclosure ".

History of the United States of America: Under the Constitution vol.

Under Clinton, the United States had a projected federal budget surplus for the first time since 1969.

Under current laws the novel will remain under copyright protection until 2020 in the European Union and until 2044 in the United States.

Under current United States law, bio-agents which have been declared by the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services or the U. S. Department of Agriculture to have the " potential to pose a severe threat to public health and safety " are officially defined as " select agents ".

Under these conditions I find it virtually impossible to continue my motion-picture work, and I have therefore given up my residence in the United States.

Under most countries ' laws ( for example, the United States and the United Kingdom ), copyrights expire at the end of the calendar year in question.

Under the mandate carried out by the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia ( UNTAC ), $ 1. 72 billion ( 1. 72 G $) was spent in an effort to bring basic security, stability and democratic rule to the country.

Under some circumstances, some creditors, otherwise the United States Trustee can request for the court converting the case into a demolition under chapter 7, or appointing a trustee to manage the debtor's business.

Under Docherty's successor, Dave Sexton, Chelsea won the FA Cup in 1970, beating Leeds United 2 – 1 in a final replay.

Under Mountbatten's presidency and personal involvement, the United World College of South East Asia was established in Singapore in 1971, followed by the United World College of the Pacific ( now known as the Lester B Pearson United World College of the Pacific ) in Victoria, Canada, in 1974.

Under a Uniform Act in force in most jurisdictions of the United States, being an organ donor is a simple process that can often be accomplished when a driver's license is renewed.

Under the terms of the Compact of Free Association, the United States provided FSM with around $ 2 billion in grants and services from 1986 to 2001.

Under the doctrine introduced by the 2003 Defense Policy Guidelines, Germany continues to give priority to the transatlantic partnership with the United States through the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

Under de León, the peace process, now brokered by the United Nations, took on new life.

Under successive PPP governments, the United States and Guyana continued to improve relations.

Under Franco, Spain actively sought the return of Gibraltar by the UK, and gained some support for its cause at the United Nations.

Under the supervision of the United States Marines, the Haitian National Assembly elected Philippe Sudré Dartiguenave President.

Under the watchful eye of the United States ambassadors to their nations, the presidents pledged to prevent their territories from being used to promote revolutions against their neighbors and issued a call for a general meeting of Central American states in Washington at the end of the year.

Under heavy pressure from the United States delegation, however, he ultimately complied with the provisions of the peace agreement.

Under the leadership of George Rapp, the group left Württemberg, Germany, and came to the United States in 1803.

Under the terms of the Anglo-Irish agreement of 6 December 1921, which ended the war ( 1919 – 1921 ), Northern Ireland was given the option of withdrawing from the new state, the Irish Free State, and remaining part of the United Kingdom.

Under the law as it existed until 1943, the Federal Government made grants to the States on the basis of population, matching State expenditures on a 50-50 basis.

Under United States tax law, for example, most owners of variable annuities and variable life insurance can invest their premium payments in the stock market and defer or eliminate paying any taxes on their investments until withdrawals are made.

* 1940 – The United States ' Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles issues a declaration on the U. S. non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

Under the Articles of Confederation, the United States had no executive branch ; the President of Congress was a mostly ceremonial position within the Confederation Congress, but the office did require Hanson to handle a good deal of correspondence and sign official documents.

Under the United States occupation at the end of World War II all armed forces in occupied Japan were disbanded and production of nihontō with edges was banned except under police or government permit.

Under the United States Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, laches is an affirmative defense, which means that the burden of asserting laches is on the party responding to the claim to which it applies.

They are the only Australian artist to have a simultaneous No. 1 album and No. 1 single in the United States ( Business as Usual and " Down Under " respectively ).

Under the common law and the Uniform Commercial Code in the United States, merchants are held to a higher standard in the selling of products than those who are not engaged in the sale of goods as a profession / career.

Under the Bryan-Chamorro Treaty of 1916, the United States paid Nicaragua US $ 3 million for an option in perpetuity and free of taxation, including 99-year leases of the Corn Islands and a site for a naval base on the Gulf of Fonseca.

Under the federal Holidays Act, Canada Day is observed on July 1 unless that date falls on a Sunday, in which case July 2 is the statutory holiday, although celebratory events generally take place on July 1 even though it is not the legal holiday.

Under § 1332 ( d ) ( 2 ) the federal district courts have original jurisdiction over any civil action where the amount in controversy exceeds $ 5, 000, 000 and

Under clause 17 Article I Section 8 of the Constitution however, Congress has power to " exercise exclusive Legislation in all cases whatsoever " over the federal district ( Washington, D. C .) and other territory ceded to the federal government by the states, such as for military installations.

Under the False Claims Act, the Department of Justice is authorized to pay rewards to those who report fraud against the federal government in an amount of between 15 and 30 percent of what it recovers based upon the whistleblower's report.

Under, the Supreme court has original and exclusive jurisdiction over controversies between two or more states, and original ( but non-exclusive ) jurisdiction over cases involving officials of foreign states, controversies between the federal government and a state, actions by a state against the citizens of another state or foreign country.

Under this legislation, the federal government paid towards around 50 % of the cost of provincial health plans to cover “ a basic range of inpatient services in acute, convalescent, and chronic hospital care .” The condition for those cost-sharing legislation was that all citizens were to be entitled to these benefits, and by March 1963 98. 8 of Canadians were covered by Hospital Insurance.

Under the terms of the Compact of Free Association with the United States, Palau will receive more than $ 450 million in assistance over 15 years and is eligible to participate in more than 40 federal programs.

* Under Article I, Section 3, Clause 7, upon conviction in impeachment cases, the Senate has the option of disqualifying convicted individuals from holding other federal offices, including the presidency.

Under the 2003 constitutional referendum it should become a unicameral federal republic.

Under RICO, a person who is a member of an enterprise that has committed any two of 35 crimes — 27 federal crimes and 8 state crimes — within a 10-year period can be charged with racketeering.

Under Article VI of the United States Constitution, private contracts cannot be abridged ; this provision has been held by the United States Supreme Court to mean that the federal government or a State can only ( annul or invalidate ) a contract if it directly opposes an important public policy.

Under American federalism, the interpretation of a state supreme court on a matter of state law is normally final and binding and must be accepted in both state and federal courts.

" Under federal sovereign immunity, a taxpayer may sue the federal government, but not a government agency, officer, or employee ( with few exceptions ).

Under Marshall, the Court established the principle of judicial review, including specifying itself as the supreme expositor of the Constitution ( Marbury v. Madison ) and made several important constitutional rulings giving shape and substance to the balance of power between the federal government and the states ( prominently, Martin v. Hunter's Lessee, McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden ).

Under, federal officials are prohibited from appointing their immediate family members to certain governmental positions, including those in the Cabinet.

Under most US federal whistleblower statutes, in order to be considered a whistleblower, the federal employee must have reason to believe his or her employer has violated some law, rule or regulation ; testify or commence a legal proceeding on the legally protected matter ; or refuse to violate the law.

Under the new Constitutional Charter, most federal functions and authorities devolved to the republic level.

Under Canadian federal and Québécois provincial law, a telecommunications facility, for the purposes of determining whether GST applies, is defined by § 123 ( 1 ) of the GST Act to be " any facility, apparatus, or other thing ( including any wire, cable, radio, optical, or other electromagnetic system, or any similar technical system or any part thereof ) that is used or is capable of being used for telecommunications ".

Under the act, each eligible state received a total of of federal land, either within or contiguous to its boundaries, for each member of congress the state had as of the census of 1860.

Under the Act, the federal government purchased millions of ounces of silver, with issues of paper currency ; it became the second-largest buyer in the world, after the British Crown in India.