Under the administration of Félix Éboué, France's first black colonial governor, a military column, commanded by Colonel Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque, and including two battalions of Sara troops, moved north from N ' Djamena ( then Fort Lamy ) to engage Axis forces in Libya, where, in partnership with the British Army's Long Range Desert Group, they captured Kufra.

Under the reign of Abdallah, Denard was commander of the Presidential Guard ( PG ) and de facto ruler of the country.

Under Roman law, Roman culture under the Empire came to tolerate concubinage as long as the relationship was durable and exclusive ; for Roman jurists, concubinage was an honorable de facto situation.

Under Gorbachev, relatively young, reform-oriented technocrats, who had begun their careers in the heyday of " de − Stalinization " under Nikita Khrushchev ( 1958 – 1964 ), rapidly consolidated power within the CPSU, providing new momentum for political and economic liberalization, and the impetus for cultivating warmer relations and trade with the West.

Under the terms of the Treaty of Ciudad Juárez, Díaz and Corral agreed to resign by the end of May 1911, with Díaz's Minister of Foreign Affairs, Francisco León de la Barra, taking over as interim president solely for the purpose of calling general elections.

Under the rule of Charles III and his ministers – Leopoldo de Gregorio, Marquis of Esquilache and José Moñino, Count of Floridablanca – Spain embarked on a program of enlightened despotism that brought Spain a new prosperity in the middle of the 18th century.

Under various political pressures from both inside and outside Lebanon, de Gaulle decided to recognize the independence of Lebanon.

Under his governorship, numerous buildings were built, a number of which still stand today: part of Government House, the Chateau de Mon Plaisir at Pamplemousses and the Line Barracks.

Under the command of Joseph de Pont Duvivier, the French had a garrison of 20 French troops at Port-la-Joye.

Under its French name Parme, it was also created a duché grand-fief de l ' Empire for Charles-François Lebrun, duc de Plaisance, the Emperor's Arch-Treasurer, on 24 April 1808 ( extinguished 1926 ).

Under the leadership of Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, a campaign was launched.

Under the Köppen climate classification, Santiago de Compostela has a humid oceanic ( Cfb ) climate, with drier summers, so sometimes being classified as a Csb climate, similar to that of the coastal strips of Oregon, Washington and Vancouver, in the western coast of North America.

Under the rule of this prelate, the townspeople rebelled, headed by the local council, beginning a secular tradition of confrontation of the people of the city — who fought for self-government — with the local bishop, the secular and jurisdictional lord of the city and of its fief, the semi-independent Terra de Santiago (' Land of Saint James ').

Under voucher programs, private schools may be able to reject students who are expensive to educate due to special needs or students who they feel would disrupt the learning environment, and opponents of voucher programs argue that this would leave such students under a system of de facto segregation.

Under any circumstance, during the end of the 13th century, Stockholm quickly grew to become not only the largest city in Sweden, but also the de facto Swedish political centre and royal residence.

de: Under Suspicion

* Junep – Under the terms of the will of Sir John de Wingfield ( died 1361 ), the church of St Andrew and the college of priests are founded in Wingfield, Suffolk.

Under Éamon de Valera's leadership from 1917, it had campaigned aggressively for an Irish republic.

Under de jure segregation, the law provided entirely separate schools for black and white students, which they legally had to attend, despite in many cases actually living closer to a school designated for the other race.

Under the gallicised version of her name, Catherine de Médicis, she was Queen consort of France as the wife of King Henry II of France from 1547 to 1559.

Under King William II the large monastery of Benedictines coming from Cava de ' Tirreni, with its church, was founded and provided with a large asset.

Under agreements reached with Israel, the Palestinian Authority exercises de jure control over many natural resources, while interim cooperation arrangements are in place for others.

Under Marie-Angélique, later with Saint-Cyran's support, Port-Royal-des-Champs developed a series of elementary schools, known as the " Little Schools of Port-Royal " ( Les Petites-Écoles de Port-Royal ); the most famous product of these schools was the playwright Jean Racine.

Under the reign of Ramiro, famed for the legendary Battle of Clavijo, the border began to slowly move southward and Asturian holdings in Castile, Galicia, and León were fortified and an intensive programme of repopulation of the countryside begun in those territories.

: 1st Stage 5 Tour Down Under, Luis León Sánchez

: 2nd Overall Tour Down Under, Luis León Sánchez

" Under the persistence of the brethren who told him, " Emperor Constantine loves the church ," he accepted to write him a letter blessing him, and praying for the peace and safety of the empire and the church.

Under Mandela the peace process has revived and important progress has taken place.

Under the terms of the peace treaty Rome's borders moved north to Philae and the two tribes received an annual gold stipend.

Under the Arzú administration, peace negotiations were concluded, and the government signed peace accords ending the 36-year internal conflict in December 1996.

Under heavy pressure from the United States delegation, however, he ultimately complied with the provisions of the peace agreement.

Under the terms of the 1947 peace treaty with the Allies, Italy, which hoped to maintain the colony of Tripolitania, ( and France, which wanted the Fezzan ), relinquished all claims to Libya.

Under Cardinal Fleury's administration, peace was maintained as long as possible.

Under supervision of the ONUMOZ peacekeeping force of the United Nations, peace returned to Mozambique.

Under Dostum's 5 year rule from the early 1990s to early 1997, Mazar was an oasis of peace.

Under international treaty, it may be used " in time of war as in time of peace, by every vessel of commerce or of war, without distinction of flag.

Under the guise of supporting the Soviets ' own national self-determination concept, von Kuhlman and General Max Hoffmann, when they returned to the negotiation table proposed independence for the Baltic states, Poland and the Ukraine as part of their new peace proposals.

Under these circumstances, the Germans hoped for an armistice which would put an official end to the hostilities and lead to peace.

The record of a meeting between Under Secretary of State Eugene Rostow and Israeli Ambassador Harmon stated that Rostow made clear the US view that there should be movement from General Armistice Agreements to conditions of peace and that this would involve some adjustments of Armistice lines as foreseen in the Armistice Agreements.

Under the Nuremberg Principles, war crimes are different from crimes against peace which is planning, preparing, initiating, or waging a war of aggression, or a war in violation of international treaties, agreements, or assurances.

Under President Gloria Arroyo, the government entered into a cease-fire agreement with the MILF and resumed peace talks.

Under the terms of the peace treaty, Canadians who did not choose to leave became British subjects.

Under the Wangchu Dynasty, the country enjoyed peace and progress under successive reformist monarchs.

Under the terms of a peace treaty signed in Vienna on October 12, Emperor Franz Joseph had already agreed to cede Venetia to Napoleon III in exchange for non-intervention in the Austro-Prussian War and thus Napoleon III ceded Venetia to Italy on October 19 in exchange for the earlier Italian acquiescence to the French annexation of Savoy and Nice.

Under the peace treaty, the Byzantines regained all their lost territories, their captured soldiers, a war indemnity, and of great spiritual significance, the True Cross and other relics that were lost in Jerusalem in 614.

Under the Basic Law, during times of peace the Bundeswehr reports to the Minister of Defence, during time of war to the chancellor.

Under the terms of the Israel – Jordan peace treaty, Israel also supplies 50 million cubic metres of water annually from the lake to Jordan.

Under the peace, Rome gains no territory, but the Samnites renounce their hegemony over Campania.

Under Isabella's instruction, Edward III agreed a peace treaty with Charles: Aquitaine would be returned to Edward, with Charles receiving 50, 000 livres, the territories of Limousin, Quercy, the Agenais and Périgord, and the Bazas country, leaving the young Edward with a much reduced territory.