Under Apartheid, under the Population Registration Act as amended, the term Cape Coloured referred to a subset of Coloured South Africans, with subjective criteria having been used by the bureaucracy to determine whether a person was a Cape Coloured, or belonged to one of a number of other related subgroups such as the " Cape Malays ", or " Other Coloureds ".

Under Apartheid they were classified as " Coloured " and have since mostly integrated with other mixed populations in South Africa.

Under Apartheid, Uys used the medium of humour and stand-up comedy to criticize and expose the absurdity of the South African government's racial policies.

Under Apartheid, traditional African music was largely banned from radio and even private play, and groups who performed it were often forced into exile.

Under Apartheid, the development of skilled workers was concentrated on the white inhabitants but after the socio-political upheaval of the 1990s, these same skilled workers are emigrating, a highly sensitive subject in contemporary South African Society.

Under the Apartheid regime, Mandela was regarded as a terrorist and jailed on the infamous Robben Island for his role as a leader of the then-outlawed ANC.

Chiang Kai-shek considered both the Han Chinese and all the minority peoples of China, the Five Races Under One Union, as descendants of Huangdi, the Yellow Emperor and semi mythical founder of the Chinese nation, and belonging to the Chinese Nation Zhonghua Minzu and he introduced this into Kuomintang ideology, which was propagated into the educational system of the Republic of China.

Under Himmler, the SS selected its members according to the Nazi ideology.

" Under the Communist Party pressure, Dadiani had to revise both the title and the plot to bring it into line of the official ideology.

Under the leadership of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, the federal government became more centralist in ideology, and Canada entered a stage of " conflictual federalism " that lasted from 1970 to 1984.

Under his leadership he was the undisputed leader and centre of the party, and in many ways personally controlled its ideology and policies.

Under his leadership, the Slovenian People's Party pursued an agrarian, ethnonationalist and corporatist ideology.

Under the ideology of the Five Races in Unity, Huangdi became the common ancestor of the Han, the Manchus, the Mongols, the Tibetans, and the Hui Muslims, who were said to form the Zhonghua minzu, a broadly understood Chinese nation.

Under Communist ideology, religion was discouraged by the state and Christian Missionaries left the country in what was described by Phyllis Thompson of the China Inland Mission as a " reluctant exodus ", leaving the indigenous churches to do their own administration, support, and propagation of the faith.

Under the leadership of Francisco Franco, much of the radical elements considered to be fascist of Falangism were diluted and it largely became an authoritarian conservative ideology connected with Francoism.

Under Franco, the Falange abandoned its original anti-capitalist tendencies, declaring the ideology to be fully compatible with capitalism.

Under Franco, the Falange abandoned its original anti-capitalist tendencies, declaring the ideology to be fully compatible with capitalism.

Under his rule, coinage, taxation, architecture, law and history were all radically reconstructed to reflect his authoritarian and traditionalist ideology.

Under British indirect rule, separate European ( e. g. Oyster Bay ) and African ( e. g. Kariakoo and Ilala ) areas developed at a distance from the city centre.

Under the British mandate, Palestine and Transjordan have each an entirely separate organisation.

Under the privatization plan, three separate concessions of 25 – 30 years would be granted to private-sector companies to run train services in the western, central, and eastern regions.

Under liberal democratic systems, privacy creates a space separate from political life, and allows personal autonomy, while ensuring democratic freedoms of association and expression.

"… they are obliged to live in a separate part of town …; for they are considered as unclean creatures … Under the pretext of their being unclean, they are treated with the greatest severity and should they enter a street, inhabited by Mussulmans, they are pelted by the boys and mobs with stones and dirt … For the same reason, they are prohibited to go out when it rains ; for it is said the rain would wash dirt off them, which would sully the feet of the Mussulmans … If a Jew is recognized as such in the streets, he is subjected to the greatest insults.

Under this model, the state is divided into branches, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility so that no branch has more power than the other branches.

Under the terms of the merger, the separate Parliaments of Great Britain and Ireland were abolished, and replaced by a united Parliament of the United Kingdom.

Under the system in place in 1796, electors had two votes, but both were for president ; the runner-up in the presidential race was elected vice-president ( this was prior to the passage of the Twelfth Amendment, which, in accommodating the notion of running mate, required that electors cast separate ballots for president and vice president ).

Under de jure segregation, the law provided entirely separate schools for black and white students, which they legally had to attend, despite in many cases actually living closer to a school designated for the other race.

Under Japanese law, cash cannot be paid out directly for pachinko balls, but there is usually a small establishment located nearby, separate from the game parlor but sometimes in a separate unit as part of the same building, where players may " sell " special prizes for cash.

Under the most recent change, in 1998, and with the addition of the Borough of Gillingham, the Borough of Medway became a unitary authority area, administratively separate from Kent.

Under Sarbanes – Oxley, two separate sections came into effect — one civil and the other criminal.

Under this system, the conferences have separate playoff brackets.

Under the new regulations, smoking rooms are allowed, but are subjected to very strict conditions: they may occupy at most 20 % of the total floor space of the establishment and their size may not be more than 35 m² ; they need to be equipped with separate ventilation which replaces the full volume of air ten times per hour ; the air pressure of the smoking room must constantly be lower than the pressure in the contiguous rooms ; they have doors that close automatically ; no service can be provided in the smoking rooms ; cleaning and maintenance personnel may enter the room only one hour after it was last used for smoking.

Under this agreement, the provinces and towns of Flanders, Brabant, Hainaut, and Holland recovered all the local and communal rights which had been abolished by the decrees of the dukes of Burgundy in their efforts to create a centralized state on the French model out of their separate holdings in the Low Countries.

Under this view, the properties that the West Germanic languages have in common separate from the North Germanic languages are not inherited from a " Proto-West-Germanic " language, but rather spread by language contact among the Germanic languages spoken in central Europe, not reaching those spoken in Scandinavia.

( Under the 1890 amendment to the Morrill Act, if a state's land-grant university was not open to all races, a separate land-grant university had to be established for each race.

Under the Golden Horde, separate Mongolian elements.

Under some points of view, the SUP is not an electoral method, but two systems run in parallel for simultaneous, separate elections.

Under the conservative government, the Canton joined the Sonderbund ( separate alliance in German ) in 1845 to protect cantonal sovereignty and the Catholic religion.

Under the inspiration of the Islamic Revolution, various Hazara-Shiʿi resistance groups were formed in Iran, including Nasr and Sipah Pasdaran, with some being “ committed to the idea of a separate Hazara national identity ".

Under the complex administrative structures of Belgium, which has separate structures for territorial administration and for language community rights, Malmedy is part of the Walloon Region and of the French Community of Belgium.

Under the government of Siad Barre, Sool was not a separate region but part of the larger Nugaal province, with its capital at Garowe.

Under the Tenth Amendment, all powers not explicitly granted to the federal government in the Constitution, or forbidden by it to the states, are reserved to the governments of the separate states or to the people.