Under the influence of French language usage, speakers in Mali have increasingly been adopting it as an ethnic self-designation ; however, other Songhay-speaking groups identify themselves with other ethnic terms, such as Zarma ( Djerma ) or Isawaghen.

Paintsil was a member of the Ghana Under 21 team who were runner-up in the FIFA World Youth Championship in Argentina in 2001 and played for the senior team in the African Cup of Nations in Mali in 2002 and Egypt in 2006.

Under King Soumaoro Kanté, the Sosso briefly conquered the Mandinka kingdoms of what is now Mali.

Under Sundiata's successors, most notably his son Wali Keita ( r. c. 1255 – 1270 ) and his grand-nephew Kankou Musa I ( r. c. 1312 – 1337 ), the Mali Empire continued to expand, eventually creating a centralized state including most of West Africa.

Under the leadership of Sunni Ali ( r. 1464 – 1492 ), the Songhai of Gao formed the Songhai Empire, which would fill the vacuum left by the Mali Empire's collapse.

Under Parthian and Sassanian Iranian empires, scholars concentrated on exchanging knowledge and inventions by the countries around them – India, China, and the Roman Empire, when it is thought to be expanded over the other countries.

Under Andronikos the Byzantine Empire came closest to regaining a position of power in the Balkan Peninsula since the Fourth Crusade.

Under the Empire, Roman colonies and cities often had officials with powers similar to those of the republican aediles, although their powers widely varied.

* A name used for a tank ( an armoured fighting vehicle ) in some works of speculative fiction, such as Harry Turtledove's books, and Victoria: An Empire Under the Sun.

Under Claudius, the Empire underwent its first major expansion since the reign of Augustus.

Under Roman law, Roman culture under the Empire came to tolerate concubinage as long as the relationship was durable and exclusive ; for Roman jurists, concubinage was an honorable de facto situation.

Under this " Tetrarchy ", or " rule of four ", each emperor would rule over a quarter-division of the Empire.

Under the influence of Constantius, Honorius issued the Edict of 418, which was designed to enable the Empire to retain a hold on the lands which were to be surrendered to the Goths.

Under Suppiluliuma I and Mursili II, the Empire was extended to most of Anatolia and parts of Syria and Canaan, so that by 1300 BC the Hittites were bordering on the Egyptian sphere of influence, leading to the inconclusive Battle of Kadesh in 1274 BC.

Under the Roman Empire, administration of peaceful provinces was ultimately the remit of the Senate, but those, like Britain, that required permanent garrisons were placed under the Emperor's control.

Under the rules of Hammurabi's successors, the Babylonian Empire was weakened by military pressure from the Hittites, who sacked Babylon around 1531 BC ( short ).

Under the government's management, proper usage of Hangul and Hanja, including orthography, was discussed, until Korean Empire was annexed by Japan in 1910.

Under the Roman Empire, schools of law were created, and the activity constantly became more academic.

Under Russian control, Latvia was in the vanguard of industrialisation and the abolition of serfdom so that by the end of the 19th century it had become one of the most developed parts of the Russian Empire.

Under the Maravi Empire, the Chewa had access to the coast of modern day Mozambique.

Under the Rashidun, the Arabs conquered the Persian Empire, along with Roman Syria and Roman Egypt during the Byzantine-Arab Wars, all within just seven years from 633 to 640.

Under the Umayyads, the Arabs annexed North Africa and southern Italy from the Romans and the Arab Empire soon stretched from parts of the Indian subcontinent, across Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, and southern Italy, to the Iberian Peninsula and the Pyrenees.

Under Chinese influence, the first European power to successfully implement a merit-based civil system was the British Empire, in their administration of India.

Under Selim and Suleiman, the Empire became a dominant naval force, controlling much of the Mediterranean Sea.

Under the strong and able leadership of Osman, these warriors quickly proved a formidable force, and the foundations of the Empire were quickly laid.

Under the terms of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, the Empire of Japan declared war on the German Empire in 1914 and invaded German overseas territories in the Pacific Ocean.

Under its French name Parme, it was also created a duché grand-fief de l ' Empire for Charles-François Lebrun, duc de Plaisance, the Emperor's Arch-Treasurer, on 24 April 1808 ( extinguished 1926 ).

Under Peter the Great, Russia was proclaimed an Empire in 1721 and became recognized as a world power.

Under Fakhr-al-Dīn II ( Fakhreddin II ), the Druze dominion increased until it included almost all Syria, extending from the edge of the Antioch plain in the north to Safad in the south, with a part of the Syrian desert dominated by Fakhr-al-Din's castle at Tadmur ( Palmyra ), the ancient capital of Zenobia.

Under the peat of Mecklenburg are sometimes found deposits of ancient lava flows.

Under ancient Roman penal practice, crucifixion was also a means of exhibiting the criminal ’ s low social status.

* Under the Yongle Emperor of Ming China, work begins to reinstate the ancient Grand Canal of China, which fell into disuse and dilapidation during the previous Yuan Dynasty.

Under the Bourbons the two ancient Kingdoms of Naples and of Sicily were unified becoming the Kingdom of Two Sicilies.

Under the ancient name of Tushpa, Van was the capital of the Urartian kingdom in the 9th century BC.

Under the rubric ' orderly population transfers ' the victors of the Second World War drove 15 million Germans out of their ancient homes in an ethnic cleansing far worse than what is happening today in the Middle East or Bosnia Hercegovina ... Western historians have long averted their eyes from the stupendous crime authoritatively described by Alfred-Maurice de Zayas in this grim, essential book.

Under Tiberius, it was incorporated into the Roman Empire but remained the capital of Mysia ( afterwards, Hellespontus ) and became one of the great cities of the ancient world.

Under Turkish rule, the Armenian Paulicians lived in relative safety in their ancient stronghold near Philippopolis, and further northward.

Under its ancient name Arraphkha, Kirkuk was capital of Kingdom of Gutium which is mentioned in cuneiform records about 2400 BC.

Under the term ' Sanātana Dharma '-- the eternal law — the concept of a philosophy which is ' authorless ' but perceived by the great ancient seers, has been a fundamental concept of Hinduism for over two thousand years.

Under his reign, there are a mass of strong myrmidons, with a piece of description withdrawn from ancient books and records of Taoism, three of the most outstanding ones are:

Under Austrian rule, the provinces ' defence of their ancient privileges proved as troublesome to the reforming Emperor Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor as it had to his ancestor Philip II two centuries before, leading to a major rebellion in 1789 – 1790.

Under the guidance of the ancient physician Atreya, Agnivesa had written an encyclopedic treatise in the eighth century B. C.

Under the inspiration of noted traditional bandurist Heorhiy Tkachenko a Kobzar Guild was re-established in 1991 in Kiev by Mykola Budnyk in order to revive and foster the ancient kobzar traditions.

Under intense contact with the Tibetans since ancient times, the Pumi were influenced by Tibetan Buddhism, along with the older practice of Bön.

Under Tocasia's guidance, the two brothers learned a large amount about the manufacture of artifacts from the archaeological excavations of the ancient ruins of the Thran, the mysterious civilization that ruled Terisiare thousands of years prior.

Under the medieval loggia are exposed several ancient Roman findings.

Under the Palaeologus dynasty the title of Senator survived for a time, but in the crises of the mid 14th century the ancient office finally vanished for good.

Under the prevailing neoclassical influence, women's fashions slowly underwent a consistent transformation to assimilate the simple style based on the simple draped garments of Ancient Greece and the togas of ancient Rome.

Under McCaw's ownership, the station, renamed KTVW, closed its studio in Tacoma's Roxy Theater, relocated to its transmitter building, and limped along on a diet of a low-budget local programming, old network reruns and ancient B-movies.

Under the Kazakh Khans in ancient Taraz there was just a small settlement, the inhabitants of which were engaged in craft, agriculture and cattle breeding.

Under his rule, the empire embraced all the previous civilized states of the ancient Near East, expanded vastly and eventually conquered most of Southwest Asia and much of Central Asia and the Caucasus.

Under dark skies the Beehive Cluster looks like a nebulous object to the naked eye ; thus it has been known since ancient times.