According to the book Gender, Crime, and Punishment published by Yale University Press, " Under the Alford doctrine, a defendant does not admit guilt but admits that the state has sufficient evidence to find him or her guilty, should the case go to trial.

Under the doctrine of continuing revelation, Latter-day Saints believe that Jesus Christ, under the direction of Heavenly Father, leads the church by revealing His will to its president, whom adherents regard as a modern-day " prophet, seer, and revelator ".

Under the LDS Church's doctrine of continuing revelation, Latter-day Saints believe literally in the principle of revelation from God to his children.

Under the doctrine introduced by the 2003 Defense Policy Guidelines, Germany continues to give priority to the transatlantic partnership with the United States through the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

Under Calixte the majority of Garde personnel had adhered to the doctrine of political nonintervention that their Marine Corps trainers had stressed.

Under the city's protection, they were able to form their own reformed church under John Knox and William Whittingham and eventually carried Calvin's ideas on doctrine and polity back to England and Scotland.

Under the doctrine of stare decisis a case is important only for what it decides — for the " what ," not for the " why ," and not for the " how.

Under Walpole, the doctrine of cabinet solidarity developed.

Under the new and current doctrine, a state court may only exert personal jurisdiction over an individual or entity with " sufficient minimal contacts " with the forum state such that the particular suit " does not offend ' traditional notions of fair play and justice.

Under the AK Party government, Turkey's influence has grown in the Middle East based on the strategic depth doctrine, also called Neo-Ottomanism.

Under the equal footing doctrine, however, Texas was found not to have control over the three-mile belt after admission into the Union, because the original states did not at the time of joining the union control such waters.

" While the headnote is not part of the Court's opinion and thus not precedent, two years later, in Pembina Consolidated Silver Mining Co. v. Pennsylvania, the Court clearly affirmed the doctrine, holding, " Under the designation of ' person ' there is no doubt that a private corporation is included the Fourteenth Amendment.

She was misinterpreted by many as claiming the doctrine as a direct origin of the phrase and the connection gained currency in 1982, when the U. S. Commission on Civil Rights issued a report on wife abuse, titled " Under the Rule of Thumb.

Under the Rooker-Feldman doctrine, federal trial courts are prohibited from considering matters already resolved in a state court civil action that is in the nature of an appeal, even on an issue of federal law.

Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the ability of judges to exercise discretion is an aspect of judicial independence.

Under the influence of this doctrine, and of Phenomenology, the Hungarian-born German sociologist Karl Mannheim ( 1893 – 1947 ) gave impetus to the growth of the sociology of knowledge with his Ideologie und Utopie ( 1929, translated and extended in 1936 as Ideology and Utopia ), although the term had been introduced five years earlier by the co-founder of the movement, the German philosopher, phenomenologist and social theorist Max Scheler ( 1874 – 1928 ), in Versuche zu einer Soziologie des Wissens ( 1924, Attempts at a Sociology of Knowledge ).

Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the judiciary generally does not make law ( that is, in a plenary fashion, which is the responsibility of the legislature ) or enforce law ( which is the responsibility of the executive ), but rather interprets law and applies it to the facts of each case.

Under this doctrine, courts may disregard a revocation that was based on a mistake of law on the part of the testator as to the effect of the revocation.

Under Valdés ' influence he wholeheartedly accepted Luther's doctrine of justification by faith, though he repudiated a policy of schism.

Under modern military doctrine battalion groups are being replaced by battlegroups.

Under the influence of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's doctrine of a return to nature, this book was at first intended to be a short narrative of the collapse of the life of a young artist.

Under the Adam – God doctrine, Adam had a number of roles.

Under the forty-year rule of the Imam Nur al-Din Muhammad, the doctrine of Imamate was further developed and, consistent with the tradition of Shi ' i Islam, the figure of the Imam was accorded greater importance.

Under this doctrine, services, facilities and public accommodations were allowed to be separated by race, on the condition that the quality of each group's public facilities was to remain equal.

Under Jo's horrified stare, Amy falls through the ice, and is rescued by Laurie's prompt intervention.

Under the common law, judicial opinions themselves have legal effect through the rule of stare decisis.

Under the doctrine of stare decisis, statements constituting obiter dicta are therefore not binding, although in some jurisdictions, such as England and Wales, they can be strongly persuasive.

Under this standard, the appellate court gives deference to the lower court's view of the evidence, and reverses its decision only if it were a clear abuse of discretion.

Under ideal ( adiabatic ) conditions, the exponent would be 1. 4, but a lower value, generally between 1. 2 and 1. 3 is used, since the amount of heat lost will vary among engines based on design, size and materials used, but provides useful results for purposes of comparison.

Under normal circumstances, people entering into such transactions are risk-averse, that is to say that they are prepared to accept a lower expected return for the sake of avoiding risk.

Under his direction, the theater produced plays about a class of people who were not considered appropriate subjects in other venues: prostitutes, criminals, street urchins, and others at the lower end of Paris's social echelon.

Under other conditions ( for instance, lower temperature ), an LC might inhabit one or more phases with significant anisotropic orientational structure and short-range orientational order while still having an ability to flow.

Under Stalin's direction in 1922, the party created departments of the Central Committee and other organs at lower levels that were responsible for the registration and appointment of party officials.

Under a banner of " reducing public drunkenness " the Beer Act of 1830 introduced a new lower tier of premises permitted to sell alcohol, the Beer Houses.

Under the Travancore Kingdom of Kerala, ( India ), lower caste women had to pay a tax for the right to cover their upper body.

Under these conditions, the approximations useful for calculations at lower frequencies are no longer accurate.

Under immigration both groups are better off, but if this increase is offset by increase in the population, then average welfare is lower.

Under this system, France was led by a bicameral Parliament, consisting of an upper chamber called the Council of Elders ( with 250 members ) and a lower chamber called the Council of Five-Hundreds ( with, accordingly, 500 members ) and a collective Executive government of five members called the Directory ( from which the historical period gets its name ).

Under such influences he came more and more to embrace the ideal of artistic realism and all that it entailed, whether this concerned the responsibility to depict life " as it is truly lived "; the preoccupation with the lower strata of society ; or the rejection of repeating, symmetrical musical forms as insufficiently true to the unrepeating, unpredictable course of " real life ".

Under this format, the Islanders earned home ice advantage in the series despite finishing lower than the Oilers in the regular season.

Under the new regulations, smoking rooms are allowed, but are subjected to very strict conditions: they may occupy at most 20 % of the total floor space of the establishment and their size may not be more than 35 m² ; they need to be equipped with separate ventilation which replaces the full volume of air ten times per hour ; the air pressure of the smoking room must constantly be lower than the pressure in the contiguous rooms ; they have doors that close automatically ; no service can be provided in the smoking rooms ; cleaning and maintenance personnel may enter the room only one hour after it was last used for smoking.

Under the auspices of the Stevenson Land Company, George Stevenson purchased the original town site for $ 24, 000 in 1893, building the town along the lower flat near the river.

Under the Act of Union 1840 the seats in the lower legislature were evenly divided between East and West.

Under Margaret Thatcher, United Kingdom's economy was maintaining stable growth by preventing to lower the interest rate by the Bank of England.

Under a traditional Westminster system, the executive government is responsible for its use of public funds to the lower house, which has the power to bring down a government by blocking its access to supply – i. e. revenue appropriated through taxation.

Under humid conditions, the rate at which perspiration evaporates on the skin is lower than it would be under arid conditions.

Under these conditions when the air rises ( for instance, by convection ) it expands, because the pressure is lower at higher altitudes.

Under his rule, Egyptian armies pushed south into Nubia as far as the second cataract, building a border fort at Buhen and incorporating all of lower Nubia as an Egyptian colony.

Under conditions of lower temperature, or higher ventilation, gray or black patches of spores may form on the surface — this is not harmful, and should not affect the flavor or quality of the tempeh.

Under another settlement, this time including the state of California, Los Angeles promised to rewater the lower Owens River by September 2005.

Under the Zhou Dynasty were Wǔ ​ děng ​ jué ​ wèi ( 五等爵位 ​), five ( aristocratic ) peerage ranks ( abbreviated Wǔ ​ jué ​​) below the royal ranks in the following descending order from higher to lower rank: