Until the early 20th century, formal writing and even much poetry and fiction was done in Literary Chinese, which was modelled on the classics of the Warring States period and Han Dynasty.

Until the mid-20th century, most Chinese people living in many parts of southern China spoke only their local language.

Until the 1950s, ramen was called shina soba ( 支那そば, literally " Chinese soba ") but today chūka soba ( 中華そば, also meaning " Chinese soba ") or just Ramen ( ラーメン ) are more common, as the word " 支那 " ( shina, meaning " China ") acquired a pejorative connotation.

Until the 9th century Japanese language texts were written in Chinese characters using the writing system.

Until the riots 1969, co-existence between the three ethnicities ( and other minor groups ) was largely peaceful, although the three main racial groups for the most part lived in separate communities-the Malays in the villages, the Chinese in the urban areas, and the Indians in the towns and plantation.

Until these restrictions were relaxed in the middle of the twentieth century, Chinese immigrants were forced to live a life apart, and to build a society in which they could survive on their own ( Chinatown ).

Until the mid-1990s, supporters of Chinese reunification on Taiwan were also bitterly opposed to the Communist Party of China.

Until the 1960s, the majority of the Chinese population in Chinatown emigrated from Guangdong province and Hong Kong, thus they were native speakers of Cantonese, especially the Canton and Taishan dialects.

Until the 1980s and before the Fuzhou influx, what is now the western section of Chinatown or known as the Old Chinatown of Manhattan was the original size of Manhattan's Chinatown with The Bowery at the time serving as the original eastern borderline of Chinatown and this was where the Chinese population mostly concentrated on the Lower East Side, mostly the Cantonese.

Until the 1990s, the main commercial block of the town along highway 178 was a somewhat picturesque street of older buildings constructed of fitted local rocks and bricks, including a vintage post office, and cafe, 3 bars, and a small Chinese restaurant.

" Until the Chinese borrow the word barbarian or one of its relatives, or make up a new word that explicitly includes the same basic ideas, they cannot express the idea of the ‘ barbarian ’ in Chinese.

Until 93 AD the Xianbei were quietly protecting the Chinese border from Wuhuan and Xiongnu attacks and received ample rewards.

Until the end of the sixteenth century, when Manchu became the new literary language, the Jurchens used a combination of Mongolian and Chinese.

Until the promtion of Dogen studies in modern times, the study of Chinese texts was prevalent in Soto:

Until 1911, the changpao was required clothing for Chinese men of a certain class, but Han Chinese women continued to wear loose jacket and trousers, with an overskirt for formal occasions.

Until the late 1960s, the gene pool in Britain was very small, with most Burmese being descended from 6 initial imports and a Burmese / Chinese hybrid from Singapore.

Until 1954, Hohhot was referred to in Chinese as Guisui ( 歸綏 pinying: Guīsuī, Wade-Giles: Kweisui ), which is the abbreviation of the two districts of the city Guihua ( 歸化, arch.

Until 2007, this cat was known only from six animals, all living in Chinese zoos, and a few skins in museums.

Until the late 1950s Chinese writers became used to " describing Tibet's place in the world of imperial China as that of a subordinate vassal state.

Until the early 1980s, the Chinese government's stance, reflected by the name " Three Years of Natural Disasters ", was that the famine was largely a result of a series of natural disasters compounded by several planning errors.

Until adopting European values late in their history, the Chinese did not even have nouns to describe a heterosexual or homosexual person per se.

Until the advent of rational empiricism the controlling habits of the western mind were symbolic and allegoric.

Until the Charter of Liberties was issued in the fall of 1958, there were no guarantees of the right to assemble or to organize for political purposes.

Until that first dedication service, he and Lois felt their children were too young to take part in any religious life at home.

Until then, foreign-language films were honored with the Special Achievement Award.

Until May 2009, the only successful published attacks against the full AES were side-channel attacks on some specific implementations.

Until the mid-20th century, anchors for smaller vessels were either scaled-down versions of admiralty anchors, or simple grapnels.

Until the advent of the NICAM and MTS systems, television sound transmissions were invariably monophonic.

Until the end of the 18th Century, bridges were made out of timber, stone and masonry.

Until the mid 19th century most boats were of all natural materials ; primarily wood although reed, bark and animal skins were also used.

Until the 19th century the majority of battles were of short duration, many lasting a part of a day.

Until the advent of artillery and aircraft, battles were fought with the two sides within sight, if not reach, of each other.

Until 1928 all notes were " White Notes ", printed in black and with a blank reverse.

Until the mid-nineteenth century, commercial banks in Britain were able to issue their own banknotes, and notes issued by provincial banking companies were commonly in circulation.

Until May 2009, the morning business updates on BBC Breakfast and on the BBC News Channel were broadcast from one of the London Stock Exchange's studios in central London.

Until that time, neutron stars, like black holes, were regarded as just theoretical curiosities ; but the discovery of pulsars showed their physical relevance and spurred a further interest in all types of compact objects that might be formed by gravitational collapse.

Until the mid-19th century, the Museum's collections were relatively circumscribed but, in 1851, with the appointment to the staff of Augustus Wollaston Franks to curate the collections, the Museum began for the first time to collect British and European medieval antiquities, prehistory, branching out into Asia and diversifying its holdings of ethnography.

Until June 2007, plague was one of the three epidemic diseases specifically reportable to the World Health Organization ( the two other ones were cholera and yellow fever ).

Until 2003 the Lower Houses were restricted to upper year students but with the double cohort of graduates from Ontario schools many of the rooms were transformed into doubles and now hold first years.

Until the 1911 reform, the psalms were arranged according to a disposition dating from the 8th century, as follows: Psalms i .– cviii., with some omissions, were recited at Matins, twelve each day from Monday to Saturday, and eighteen on Sunday.

Until the mid-19th century the Banda Islands were the world's only source of the spices nutmeg and mace, produced from the nutmeg tree.

Until the early seventeenth century the Bandas were ruled by a group of leading citizens, the orang kaya ( literally ' rich men '), each of these was a head of district.