Until the advent of rational empiricism the controlling habits of the western mind were symbolic and allegoric.

Until the advent of the NICAM and MTS systems, television sound transmissions were invariably monophonic.

Until the advent of digital catalogues, card catalogue s were the traditional method of organizing the list of resources and their location within a large library

Until the advent of the Trans-Am series in 1967, NASCAR homologation cars were the closest thing that the public could buy that was actually very similar to the cars that were winning the national races.

Until the advent of programmable logic, discrete bipolar logic was used to prototype and emulate microarchitectures under development.

Until the advent of light weight modern sailcloth and modern sail handling systems, the larger sails of a sloop were somewhat of a disadvantage.

Until the advent of vinyl around the 1940s, most gramophone records were pressed from shellac compounds.

Until the advent of the hollow-base Minié ball, which obturates upon firing to seal the bore and engage the rifling, the patch provided the best means of getting the projectile to engage the rifling.

Until the advent of OS X v10. 4, the standard UNIX command line utilities in OS X ( such as and ) did not respect resource forks.

Until the advent of the railroad in 1848, Darien remained a small, rural community of about 1, 000.

Until the recent advent of non-invasive medical techniques, brain surgery was the preferred way for language researchers to discover how language works in the brain.

Until the advent of the Supremes, the sisters were the most imitated of all female singing groups and influenced many artists, including Mel Tormé, Les Paul and Mary Ford, The Four Freshmen, The McGuire Sisters, The Manhattan Dolls, The Lennon Sisters, The Pointer Sisters, The Manhattan Transfer, The Puppini Sisters, Barry Manilow, and Bette Midler who scored her first # 1 hit with her 1973 remake of " Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy ".

Until the early 1990s, advertising on television had only been affordable for large companies willing to make a significant investment, but the advent of desktop video allowed many small and local businesses to produce television ads for airing on local cable TV services.

Until the advent of computer-based random access non-linear editing systems ( NLE ) in the early 1990s " linear video editing " was simply called " video editing ".

Until the advent of genetic techniques like DNA sequencing, comparative anatomy together with embryology were the primary tools for understanding phylogeny, as exemplified by the work of Alfred Romer.

Until the advent of iron, bronze was the most advanced metal for tools and weapons in common use ( see Bronze Age for more detail ).

' Until its advent, one might waver emotionally or doubt intellectually or even reject the cause altogether in one's mind, and yet refuse to attack it.

Until the advent of more modern fiction, pixie mythology was localized to Britain.

Until the advent of quantum mechanics, the only well known example of gauge symmetry was in electromagnetism, and the general significance of the concept was not fully understood.

Until the advent of the automobile, factory workers lived either close to the factory or in high density communities farther away, connected to the factory by streetcar or rail.

Until the advent of inexpensive audio tape recorders, the sharing of copyrighted recordings was very difficult and expensive.

Until the advent of the Scottish Parliament and the Scottish Government, the precursor to the Scotland Office, the Scottish Office, was a major UK government department dealing with most aspects of the domestic governance of Scotland, a position known as " administrative devolution ".

Until the advent of commercial recording technology, Inuit music was usually used in spiritual ceremonies to ask the spirits ( see Inuit mythology ) for good luck in hunting or gambling, as well as simple lullabies.

Until the advent of computer controlled drive mechanisms, the standard solution was some form of equatorial mount, and for small telescopes this is still the norm.

Until the introduction of gunpowder into western warfare artillery depended upon mechanical energy to operate and this severely limited the kinetic energy of the projectiles while also requiring the construction of very large apparatus to store sufficient energy.

Until 1861 the militia were an entirely infantry force, but in that year a number of county regiments were converted to artillery.

Until Washington's arrival, it remained under the command of Artemas Ward, while John Thomas acted as executive officer and Richard Gridley commanded the artillery corps and was chief engineer.

Until the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949 Yan's arsenal in Taiyuan was the only factory in China sufficiently advanced to produce field artillery.

Until 1945 Kummersdorf hosted the weapon office of the German Army which ran a development centre for future weapons as well as an artillery range.

Until the winter of 1941 / 42 supporting troops organic to these divisions consisted of a motorised artillery regiment ( of one heavy and two light battalions ), and one each reconnaissance, motorcycle, anti-tank, pioneer, field replacement, and communications battalions.

Until about 1980 this relied on conventional artillery survey, although gyroscopic orientation from the mid 1960s helped.

Until the early 20th century, field artillery were also known as foot artillery, for while the guns were pulled by beasts of burden ( often horses ), the gun crews would usually march on foot, thus providing fire support mainly to the infantry.

Until late thirties he remained one of the most notable Polish constructors and the designer of numerous cars, lorries and artillery tractors.

Until 1982 there was also an artillery detachment armed with 122mm howitzer D30.

Until the 1980s aiming points were essential for indirect fire artillery.

Until 1939, the Army had mostly been an infantry force with supporting artillery, engineer, and cavalry units.

Until 9 January 1945, German troops were able to use some of the main avenues as well as the park next to Buda Castle as landing zones for planes and gliders, although they were under constant artillery fire from the Soviets.

Until this hunter-killer operation can be performed by spacecraft, manned aircraft appear to be the only means available to us.

Until the 1980s, the flagship of the ocean-going navy was the aircraft carrier Minas Gerais ( the ex-British HMS Vengeance ), which has been in service since 1945.

Until the development of the jet engine, large aircraft commonly used radial engines.

Until the precision-guided munitions became standard in 1960s, the term " attack aircraft " implied a heavily armored aircraft armed with both bombs and with forward-firing automatic weapon — the former were more powerful, but the latter enabled strafing attacks of much higher precision.

Until the merger process with Air Canada was completed in 2001, most Canadian aircraft featured a transition livery with an Air Canada tail design while retaining the name " Canadian " on the sides.

Until March 2005, aircraft were not allowed to take-off or land between 22: 30 and 06: 00 local time due to noise constraints.

Until 2004, Dryden operated the oldest B-52 Stratofortress bomber, a B-52B model ( tail number 008 ) which had been converted to drop test aircraft, dubbed ' Balls 8.

Until this point, no set of guidelines for pilots and aircraft designers existed.

Until June, 1943, VIII Bomber Command could not mount missions of more than 100 aircraft and consequently limited targets to those in Occupied France and the Low Countries, and to shallow penetrations of Germany.

Until 2002, Santa Barbara Airport was on the airline route between San Francisco and Los Angeles, served by Southwest Airways and its successors including Pacific Air Lines and Hughes Air West ( formerly known as Air West ) as well as by United Airlines, which operated Boeing 727 and Boeing 737 jet aircraft on these routes.

Until a few years ago, the Embraer 190 and Boeing 737 New Generation Aircraft ( 737-600, 700, 800, and 900 series ) were the only commercial passenger aircraft available with HUDs.

Until then, it was known as a division of O. A., the " Division for light aircraft and helicopters ".

Until 2010 it was the main base for the RAF's fleet of Nimrod MR2 maritime patrol aircraft.

Until bomb release, the weapon drew electrical power from the aircraft for heating and pre-heating of the radar fuzes.

Until 2010, it was intended that the Harrier GR9 fleet would be replaced by 138 STOVL-capable F-35B Lightning II aircraft around 2018.

Until the return of the Luftwaffe over Malta, the RAF defenders had claimed 199 aircraft shot down from June 1940 — December 1941, while losses were at least 90 Hurricanes, three Fairey Fulmars, one Gladiator in air combat ; ten more Hurricanes and one Gladiator destroyed in accidents, and many more destroyed on the ground.

Until the middle of the 20th century there was military interest in parasite fighters-fighter aircraft intended to be carried into a combat zone by a larger aircraft, such as a bomber.

Until late in 1918, when designations for fighter aircraft were simplified, “ D ” implied an armed doppeldecker, or biplane.

Until World War II, a major part was occupied by an airfield and the Warsaw Polytechnic aircraft works.

Until 2009, intermediate training for land-based aircraft typically sent student NFOs to Randolph AFB in San Antonio, TX for joint training with the 12th Flying Training Wing ( 12 FTW ) before being sent to Patrol Squadron THIRTY ( VP-30 ) at NAS Jacksonville, Florida, the Fleet Replacement Squadron for the P-3 Orion and the EP-3E Aries, or the Fleet Air Reconnaissance Squadron SEVEN ( VQ-7 ), the FRS for the E-6 Mercury TACAMO aircraft at Naval Air Facility Tinker / Tinker AFB, Oklahoma.

Until 1991, the wing controlled the 909th Air Refueling Squadron ( KC-135A / Q / R ) and supported rotational reconnaissance aircraft ( TR-1, SR-71 ) after the deactivation of the 9th SRW in 1974.