Until the 21st century most used cathode ray tubes but they have largely been superseded by LCD monitors.

Until the mid-1980s, the term EROPS ( extended range operations ) was used before being superseded by ETOPS usage.

Until it was amended in 1992 and later superseded by the Legal Profession Act in 2008, the Legal Practitioners Act 1893 provided for legal practitioners in Western Australia to be admitted and entitled to practise as " practitioners ".

Until 1935 ( when superseded by the Senate Marshal ), the Marshal or Chairman of the Sejm substituted for the President of Poland in the latter's absence or disability ( Acting President of the Republic of Poland ).

Until 1964, its route from Perrysburg to Toledo was superseded by U. S. Route 23.

Until this hunter-killer operation can be performed by spacecraft, manned aircraft appear to be the only means available to us.

Until such work is done, there must remain the nagging suspicion that alienation may be little more than an expression of the malaise of the intellectual, who, rejected by and in turn rejecting the larger society, projects his own fear and despair onto the broader social screen.

Until the Cuban fiasco and the Communist military victories in Laos, almost any observer would have said that President Kennedy had blended a program that respected, generally, the opinions voiced both by Mr. Nixon and the professors.

Until this point Austria and Switzerland had been the traditional and more popular destinations for winter sports, but by the end of the 20th century and into the early 21st century, France, Italy and the Tyrol began so see increases in winter visitors.

Until the dissolution of Holy Roman Empire and mediatization of smaller imperial fiefs by Napoleon, the evangelical Abbess of Quedlinburg was also per officio the head of that reichsunmittelbar state.

Until the introduction of ampicillin by the British company Beecham, penicillin therapies had only been effective against Gram-positive organisms such as staphylococci and streptococci.

Until the Ford era cars had been produced by hand coachbuilding craft methods, such as the English wheel.

" Until this time IP address registration in the ARIN region was done by a department within the Network Solutions corporation, which provided the initial staff and computer infrastructure for ARIN.

Until 1928 it was directed by a General Manager, after this time instead by a Governor elected by an internal commission of managers, with a decree from the President of the Italian Republic for a term of 7 years.

Until the mid-nineteenth century, commercial banks in Britain were able to issue their own banknotes, and notes issued by provincial banking companies were commonly in circulation.

Until that time, neutron stars, like black holes, were regarded as just theoretical curiosities ; but the discovery of pulsars showed their physical relevance and spurred a further interest in all types of compact objects that might be formed by gravitational collapse.

Until the early seventeenth century the Bandas were ruled by a group of leading citizens, the orang kaya ( literally ' rich men '), each of these was a head of district.

Until that time, software was bundled with the hardware by Original equipment manufacturers ( OEMs ) such as Data General, Digital Equipment and IBM.

Until the mid-19th century, when the river was tamed by dams, levees, and other controls, the Nile in the vicinity of Cairo was highly susceptible to changes in course and surface level.

Until the two World Wars, in most European countries the political class was formed by conservative liberals, from Germany to Italy.

Until the formation of a national council in 1961, supporters and local groups had no formal voice in the national organisation, which until then had been led by the self-appointed executive committee.

Until recently, however, Chagas disease was considered a contraindication for the procedure, since the heart damage could recur as the parasite was expected to seize the opportunity provided by the immunosuppression that follows surgery.

Until recently, catapults were used by thrill-seekers to experience being catapulted through the air.

Until the mid 1990s the tariff was decided by the FINA diving committee, and divers could only select from the range of dives in the published tariff table.

The label agreed to let Parton sing country music after her composition, " Put It Off Until Tomorrow ," as recorded by Bill Phillips ( and with Parton, uncredited, on harmony ), went to number six on the country music charts in 1966.

Until the 19th century, the most common theory among scientists was still the concept of scala naturae, proposed by Aristotle.

Until recently, the Convention was also overseen by a European Commission on Human Rights.

Until 2009, the Arctic pack ice prevented regular marine shipping throughout most of the year, but climate change has reduced the pack ice, and this Arctic shrinkage made the waterways more navigable.

Until 1751 in England and Wales ( and all British dominions ) the new year started on 25 March – Lady Day, one of the four quarter days ( the change to 1 January took place in 1600 in Scotland ).

Until 2008, elected officials were allowed to change political party, while retaining their seats, during set windows which occurred twice each electoral term, due to controversial floor crossing legislative amendments made in 2002.

Until this theory came to prominence, technical change was assumed to occur exogenously — that is, it was assumed to occur outside economic activities, and was outside ( exogenous ) to common economic models.

Until the 2008 rules change, the format was that of the 10 metre air pistol competition: each competitor had 20 shots, with 40 seconds allowed for each shot.

Until about 1980 the government still required that a name change applicant apply to the government regional representative ( fylkesmann ).

Until March 19, 2008, it was one of four ski resorts in America to prohibit snowboarding ; officials announced the change several months in advance.

Until 1953 the school was known as Wickett Ward School, but after the death of Mrs. Helen Gensler ( a teacher ), the Trustees on January 13, 1953 voted to change the name of the Helen Gensler Elementary School.

Until 1999, drum and bugle corps hornlines within DCI were required to be pitched in the key of G. That year, the DCI rules congress passed a rule change to allow " brass bell-front valve instruments in any key with the exception of sousaphones and trombones.

Until 1923 there was no through tram service between Leith and Edinburgh ; at the boundary in Leith Walk it was necessary to change from a Leith tram ( electrically powered ) to an Edinburgh tram ( cable hauled ) until the electrification of the Edinburgh Corporation Tramways in the early 1920s.

Until around 1996, the change of designation to M6 once the Cumberland Gap had been closed was definite.

Until 1989-90, the Football Association's rules for the FA Cup stated: " Where the colours of the two competing clubs are similar, both clubs must change unless alternative arrangements are mutually agreed by the competing clubs ".

Until the rule change in US, Australia, several commercial airline routes were still economically off-limits to twinjets because of ETOPS regulations.

Until 1988 Roots Hall was still the newest ground in the Football League, but then the ground saw a significant change.

Until his death in October, 2002, Bill Moyer continued to teach his influential eight-stage model for social change movements, the Movement Action Plan, to activists around the US and around the world.

Until the opening of the colliery in 1952, the greatest social change in Calverton ’ s history had been arguably the parliamentary enclosure of 1778-80.

Until the late 1990s, information on HIV / AIDS was not widely available to the public, but this has started to change.

Until 1996 – 1997, ITAR classified strong cryptography as arms and prohibited their export from the U. S. Another change occurred as a result of Space Systems / Loral's conduct after the February 1996 failed launch of the Intelsat 708 satellite.

Until recently, it was common for politicians to switch parties, and the proportion of congressional seats held by each party would often change.

Until a name change in mid 2000's, there was a restaurant called the Poet's Inn, where Freneau was supposed to have had many a rum.

Until it ceased observing daylight saving time in 2011, Russia and Belarus observed Summer Time and made the change forward and back on the same dates as the European Union ( respectively, on the last Sunday in March and the last Sunday in October ) – with the difference, that the changeover on both dates took place in RU & BY not at 01: 00 UTC as in the rest of Europe, but at 02: 00 local time ( 03: 00 local daylight-saving time in October ) in each time zone.

Until the name change in 1991, these banknotes bore the name Allied Irish Bank.

Until 1933 the train stopped to change engines at Manhattan Transfer, nine miles west of New York Penn Station ; passengers from downtown Manhattan could ride the H & M train to Manhattan Transfer and board the Broadway there.

Until the late 1970s Warner Bros. itself still had very few African American music artists on its roster, but this began to change during with the singing of artists such as George Benson and Prince.