Until the creation of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System ( TDRSS ), the Space Shuttle endured a 30-minute blackout.

Until the creation of Vancouver District five days later, Clatsop County extended north across the Columbia into present-day Washington.

Until its creation in 2001, emergency planning in Britain was the responsibility of the Home Office.

Until their creation, some innovative players used their standard capos ( or altered capos ) to cover only some of the strings of their instruments.

Until the Prayer Book revisions of the 1970s and the creation of Alternative Service Books in various Anglican provinces, there was no official rite of confession.

Until the French Revolution, the settlement was often referred to as Port-Neuilly, but at the creation of French communes in 1790 the " Port " was dropped and the newly born commune was named simply Neuilly.

Until the creation of the province in 2004, it was part of the province of Lai Châu.

Until the creation of the London County Council in 1889, the area was a part of the counties of Kent and Surrey.

Until the creation of Trafalgar Square in the 1820s, Gibbs ’ s church was crowded in by other buildings.

Until the 2009-2010 fiscal year, Ontario was the only province to have never received equalization payments ; in 2009-2010 Ontario will receive $ 347 million, while Newfoundland, which has received payments since the program's creation, is now a so-called " have " province, and is now a net contributor that does not receive Equalization payments.

Until the World War I creation of MI8, the Army's Cipher Bureau, Riverbank was the only facility in the US seriously capable of solving enciphered messages.

Until October 2007, the Province of Iquique was composed of 7 communes: High Hospice, Camina, Colchane, Huara, Iquique, Pica and Pozo Almonte, but since then, with the creation of the Region of Arica and Parinacota, much of the province, specifically the municipalities of Huara, Camina, Colchane, Pozo SAlmonte and Pica, pass shape administratively Tamarugal Province, leaving Iquique Province consists of two communes.

The usage differs significantly from Mung ( Mash Until No Good ), because munging implies destruction of data, while mungeing implies creation of strong protection for data.

Until its bankruptcy, Servette was the only Swiss club to have remained in the top league since its creation in 1890.

Until the December 25, 2010 creation of New Taipei, Sanchong was itself a city ( Sānchóng Shì ; Sam-tiông Chhī ; Postal map spelling: Sanchung ) in the former Taipei County.

Until the Parliament Act 1911, there was no way to resolve contradictions between the houses of parliament except through the creation of additional peers by the monarch.

Until the creation of the Department of Transportation in 1966, the Commandant and the earlier counterparts had reported to the Secretary of the Treasury since 1790.

Until the creation of the North Carolina Court of Appeals in the 1960s, it was the state's only appellate court.

Until 2007, year of creation of the Alliance française Foundation, the Alliance française Paris Ile-de-France was called " the Paris Alliance française ".

Until the creation of the M & GN, the Great Eastern Railway ( GER ) held a near-monopoly on East Anglian traffic and had assumed that their network meant there were no population centres left to connect.

Until the 25 December 2010 creation of New Taipei, Luzhou was itself a city ( 蘆洲市 ; Lúzhōu Shì ; Lô ·- chiu Chhī ; Postal map spelling: Luchou ) in the former Taipei County.

Until the creation of the National health Service in 1948 the hospital was supported by the Corporation of Manchester and by voluntary contributions.

Until the creation of the separate parish of Shotley Bridge in the 19th century, many people from there were christened, married and buried in St. Ebba's church.

Until the 25 December 2010 creation of New Taipei, Wugu was a rural township ( 五股鄉 ; Wǔgǔ Xiāng ; Gō ͘- kó ͘- hiong ; Postal map spelling: Wuku ) in the former Taipei County.

Until a United States Supreme Court decision in 1895, all income taxes were deemed to be excises ( i. e., indirect taxes ).

Response from Variety after the initial release reflects the outrage generated by Romero's film: " Until the Supreme Court establishes clear-cut guidelines for the pornography of violence, Night of the Living Dead will serve nicely as an outer-limit definition by example.

Until 1952, the Naturalization Acts written by Congress still allowed only white persons to become naturalized as citizens ( except for two years in the 1870s which the Supreme Court declared to be a mistake ).

Until the formal opening of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom on 1 October 2009, life peers created under the Appellate Jurisdiction Act were known as " Lords of Appeal in Ordinary " or in common parlance " Law Lords ".

Until the election of Morsi in June 2012, prior Egyptian presidents had all been former military officers, and during the Yom Kippur War the President played a major role at all levels of the planning of the war, and was in a literal sense Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces giving direct orders to the commanders from the headquarters during the war as field marshal of the army, colonel general of the air force and air defence forces and admiral of the navy.

Until the tenure of Chief Justice John Marshall, all Supreme Court justices wore red robes with ermine trim and full-bottomed wigs, reminiscent of British court dress.

Until the 1970s, morning dress was required of all attorneys appearing before the United States Supreme Court by the Court's rules.

Until 2005, COMSECONDFLT had a permanent assignment with NATO's Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic's ( SACLANT ) chain-of-command, as the Commander Striking Fleet Atlantic ( COMSTRIKFLTLANT ).

Until 1984, the deluxe Cutlass Supreme model was known as the Cutlass Calais.

Until the death of Chief Justice Rehnquist, the composition of the Supreme Court had remained unchanged since 1994, the second longest time period without a membership change in U. S. history ( the longest having been from 1812 – 1823 ).

Until the Supreme Court struck down all laws banning interracial marriage in 1967, a number of states banned interracial marriage and did not accept interracial marriage certificates issued in other states.

Until the 1947 case of Adamson v. California, Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black argued in his dissent that the framers ' intent should control the Court's interpretation of the 14th Amendment, and he attached a lengthy appendix that quoted extensively from Bingham's congressional testimony.

Until the creation of the Supreme Court, ultimate appeal lay to the House of Lords, a chamber of the Parliament of the United Kingdom ( though in modern practice only the Law Lords sitting in the Appellate Committee, rather than the whole House, heard appeals ).

Until that moment there were two main military authorities, the Supreme Military Council ( Высший военный совет, Vysshy voyenny sovyet ) and the Operative Department of the People's Commissariat for Military Affairs ( Оперативный отдел Народного комиссариата по военным делам, Opyerativny otdel Narodnogo komissariata po voyennym dyelam ).

Until 1914, the American judicial system, including the Supreme Court of the United States, largely followed the precepts of English common law when it came to matters dealing with the validity of introducing evidence in criminal trials.

Until the appointment of Sandra Day O ' Connor to the Supreme Court of the United States, the club had always extended honorary memberships to the Court's Justices ; those who accepted include Associate Justice Antonin Scalia and former Chief Justice Warren Burger.

Until October 2012, he was the President of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom.

Until his appointment to the Supreme Court, he was joint head of Brick Court Chambers.

Until 1 October 2009 its name was the Supreme Court of Judicature.