When the Ming Dynasty Chinese astronomer Xu Guangqi adapted the European southern hemisphere constellations to the Chinese system in The Southern Asterisms, he combined Apus with some of the stars in Octans to form the " Exotic Bird " ( 異雀, Yìquè ).

When the Confucian advisers pressed their point, Li Ssu had many Confucian scholars killed and their books burned — considered a huge blow to the philosophy and Chinese scholarship.

When Westerners speak of Chinese food, they usually refer to Cantonese cuisine.

When it is necessary to distinguish between native Japanese kun ' yomi and Chinese-derived on ' yomi pronunciations, for example in Kanji dictionaries, the Japanese pronunciations are written in hiragana, and the Chinese ones are written in katakana.

When Galileo was viewed as a private-sector development with public-sector financial participation, European Commission program managers sought Chinese participation in pursuit of Chinese cash in the short term and privileged access to China ’ s market for positioning and timing applications in the longer term.

When it was established, it was based entirely on the Chinese Kuomintang and was pro Chinese.

When they arrived, they were confronted with Chinese assertions that the Japanese had invaded unlawfully, while the Japanese claimed they were acting to keep peace in the area.

When Portugal conquered Malacca in 1511 and committed atrocities against the Malay Sultanate, the Chinese responded with violent force against Portugal.

When Jesuit missionaries learned this standard language in the 16th century, they called it Mandarin, from its Chinese name Guānhuà ( 官话 / 官話 ), or " language of the officials ".

When the People's Republic was founded in 1949, the telecommunications systems and facilities in China first established by the Qing and Republican ITA and Ministry of Posts and Communications had been seriously damaged from over thirty years of on and off war between warlords, Japan, and the two sides of the Chinese Civil War.

When the Buddhist texts were translated into Chinese, the concubines of others were added to the list of inappropriate partners.

When enemies attempted to dig tunnels under walls for mining or entry into the city, the defenders used large bellows ( the type the Chinese commonly used in heating up a blast furnace for smelting cast iron ) to pump smoke into the tunnels in order to suffocate the intruders.

When Madame Chiang was 103 years old, she had an exhibition of her Chinese paintings in New York.

When the Chinese begin losing the war, U. S. forces begin to target their strategic assets.

When the government official Dan Song proposed the Chinese calendar should be reformed in 123 to adopt certain apocryphal teachings, Zhang opposed the idea.

Jurchen script | Jurchen translation of the Chinese couplet, Ming wang shen de, si yi xian bin (" 明王慎德. 四夷咸宾 ": " When a wise king is heedful of virtue, foreigners from all quarters come as guests ")

* When the Chinese prefectural government officials travel to the Tang Dynasty's capital of Chang ' an in this year to give the annual report of the affairs in their districts, Emperor Taizong of Tang discovers that many have no proper quarters to rest in, and are renting rooms with merchants.

* When a Chinese prince ( later to be Emperor Zhongzong of Tang ) is made crown prince, his lavish palatial mansion in Chang ' an is converted into a Daoist abbey.

When the Chinese communists took over Tibet in 1951, Bhutan closed its frontier with Tibet and sided with its powerful neighbor to the south.

When a house accidentally burnt down, military and impoverished citizens started slaughtering and pillaging the Chinese community.

When the Chinese prefectural government officials traveled to the capital in the year 643 to give the annual report of the affairs in their districts, Emperor Taizong discovered that many had no proper quarters to rest in, and were renting rooms with merchants.

When the Khitans began raiding northeast China in 605, a Chinese general led 20, 000 Turks against them, distributing Khitan livestock and women to the Turks as a reward.

When Sun Yat-sen was asked by one of the leading revolutionary generals to what he ascribed the success, he said, " To Christianity more than to any other single cause.

When the Beagle made its first stop ashore at St Jago, Darwin found rock formations which seen " through Lyell's eyes " gave him a revolutionary insight into the geological history of the island, an insight he applied throughout his travels.

When these revolutionary changes to the Church were implemented, it spawned a counter-revolutionary movement, particularly amongst women.

When the Brunswick Manifesto of July 1792 once more threatened the French population with Austrian ( Imperial ) and Prussian attacks, Louis XVI was suspected of treason and taken along with his family from the Tuileries Palace in August 1792 by insurgents supported by a new revolutionary Paris Commune.

When Germain was 13, the Bastille fell, and the revolutionary atmosphere of the city forced her to stay inside.

When Einstein received his Nobel Prize in 1921, it was not for his more difficult and mathematically laborious special and general relativity, but for the simple, yet totally revolutionary, suggestion of quantized light.

When employed in electric distribution systems, this revolutionary design concept would finally make it technically and economically feasible to provide electric power for lighting in homes, businesses and public spaces.

When revolutionary forces forced their way into Norfolk, Virginia, and used waterfront buildings as cover for shots at British vessels out in the river, the response of destruction of those buildings was ingeniously used to the advantage of the rebels, who encouraged the spread of fire throughout the largely Loyalist town, and spread propaganda blaming it on the British.

When in 1901, the Russian writer Maxim Gorky turned to the imagery of Subantarctic avifauna to describe Russian society's attitudes to the coming revolution, he used a storm-announcing petrel as the lead character of a poem that soon became popular in the revolutionary circles as " the battle anthem of the revolution ".

When a revolutionary gives a speech to try to drum up support for the army approaching despite rain in the north, Wang Lung and O-Lan realize the drought is over.

When the Spanish Civil War began shortly after, in July 1936, Companys sided with the Second Spanish Republic against the Nacionales rebels and was instrumental in organizing a collaboration between the Central Committee of Anti-Fascist Militias, which was sponsored by his Catalan government, and the Workers ' Party of Marxist Unification ( POUM ), a revolutionary anti-Stalinist communist party, and Confederación Nacional del Trabajo ( CNT ), an anarchist syndicalist trade union.

When victorious French revolutionary troops began to threaten the Rhineland, King Frederick William II of Prussia transferred the prisoners east to the citadel at Magdeburg, where they remained an entire year, from 4 January 1793 to 4 January 1794.

When Frederick William decided that he could gain very little by continuing to battle the astonishingly effective revolutionary forces of the young Republic of France, and that there were much easier pickings for his army in the Kingdom of Poland, he stopped armed hostilities with the Republic and turned the state prisoners back over to his erstwhile coalition partner, the Habsburg Austrian monarch Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor.

When revolutionary France declared war on Great Britain in 1793, the United States sought to remain neutral, but the Jay Treaty, which was favorable to Great Britain, angered the French government, which viewed it as a violation of the 1778 Treaty of Alliance.

When Luis Buñuel died at age 83, his obituary in The New York Times called him " an iconoclast, moralist and revolutionary who was a leader of avant-garde surrealism in his youth and a dominant international movie director half a century later.

When the royal family finally returned under guard to Paris, the revolutionary crowd met the royal carriage with uncharacteristic silence and consequently, complete shock rippled throughout the crowd at the sight of their loathed King.

When the institution of a revolutionary tribunal was proposed, Vergniaud opposed the project, denouncing the tribunal as a more awful inquisition than that of Spain, and avowing that his party would all die rather than consent to it.

When the base changes, a revolutionary class becomes the new ruling class that forms the superstructure.

: When I joined City Lights in 1971, and started working with Lawrence, it was clear that it had been very much a center of protest, for people with revolutionary ideas and people who wanted to change society.

When he was eighteen, he wrote Conjuration de Fiesque, a little historical essay, influenced by the Italian of Agostino Mascardi, and audaciously insinuating revolutionary principles.

When New Jersey formed a revolutionary assembly ( or provincial congress ) in 1776 he was elected to it and served as its Vice President.

When the revolutionary upsurge renewed itself in the spring of 1849, the uprisings started in Elberfeld in the Rhineland on May 6, 1848.

When the French Revolution broke out, he supported the revolutionary cause.

When Lin left the Kuomintang to become a communist revolutionary, Ong did not accompany Lin, and their marriage effectively ended.

When Princess Maud of Wales became Queen of Norway, Augusta said she had " become the Queen of a revolutionary throne ".