When the Emperor Henry I died on 11 July 1216, Andrew was planning to acquire the imperial throne, but the barons of the Latin Empire proclaimed his father-in-law, Peter of Courtenay their emperor.

When Andronikos arrived he found that his authority was overthrown: Isaac had been proclaimed Emperor.

When Frederick IV of Habsburg sided with Antipope John XXIII at the Council of Constance, Emperor Sigismund placed him under the Imperial ban.

When the Roman Emperor Hadrian vowed to rebuild Jerusalem from the wreckage in 130 AD, he considered reconstructing Jerusalem as a gift for the Jewish people.

When introducing a law, he sat on a bench between the consuls in his position as Holder of the Power of Tribune ( The Emperor could not officially serve as a Tribune of the Plebes as he was a Patrician, but it was a power taken by previous rulers ).

When in AD 451, Emperor Marcianus attempted to heal divisions in the Church, the response of Pope Dioscorus – the Pope of Alexandria who was later exiled – was that the emperor should not intervene in the affairs of the Church.

When, after the death of Emperor Otto I in 973, a struggle for the supremacy in Germany began, both Dobrawa's husband and brother Boleslav II the Pious, Duke of Bohemia, supported the same candidate for the German throne, Duke Henry II of Bavaria.

When Portuguese explorers first came into contact with the Japanese ( see Nanban period ), they described Japanese conditions in analogy, likening the Emperor, with great symbolic authority but little political power, to the Pope, and the Shogun to secular European rulers, e. g. the Holy Roman Emperor.

When Emperor Kenzo died without heirs, Prince Oyoke succeeded him as Emperor Ninken.

When Emperor Ankan died, he had no offspring ; and succession passed to his youngest brother who will come to be known as Emperor Senka.

When Theodosius died, in January 395, Honorius and Arcadius divided the Empire, so that Honorius became Western Roman Emperor at the age of ten.

When his father Valerian was proclaimed Emperor on 22 October 253, he asked the Senate to ratify Gallienus ' elevation to Caesar and Augustus, in order to share the power between two persons.

When the governing of the Empire became too cumbersome for a single Emperor, the empire was divided by the emperor Diocletian into the Western and Eastern empires.

When Bohemians rebelled against the Emperor, the immediate result was the series of conflicts known as the Thirty Years ' War ( 1618 – 48 ), which devastated the Empire.

When the Emperor Hadrian asked the Oracle at Delphi about Homer, the Pythia proclaimed that he was Ithacan, the son of Epikaste and Telemachus, from the Odyssey.

When the last male member of the Salian dynasty, Emperor Henry V, had died without heirs in 1125, a controversy arose about the succession.

When Otto died in 1218, Fredrick became the undisputed ruler, and in 1220 was crowned Holy Roman Emperor.

When asked by Constantia ( Emperor Constantine's sister ) for an image of Jesus, Eusebius denied the request, replying that " To depict purely the human form of Christ before its transformation, on the other hand, is to break the commandment of God and to fall into pagan error ".

When sea water freezes, the ice is riddled with brine-filled channels which sustain sympagic organisms such as bacteria, algae, copepods and annelids, which in turn provide food for animals such as krill and specialised fish like the Bald notothen, fed upon in turn by larger animals such as Emperor penguins and Minke whales.

When they reached Astrakhan, Uzbeg Khan had just given permission for one of his pregnant wives, Princess Bayalun, a daughter of Greek Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos, to return to her home city of Constantinople to give birth.

When Emperor Anastasius died in 518, Justin was proclaimed the new Emperor, with significant help from Justinian.

When the Atreides take over the planet Arrakis at the order of the Padishah Emperor Shaddam IV, Idaho becomes Leto's ambassador to the Fremen, the desert people of Dune that Leto hopes will ally with him in the coming war against the Emperor and the Harkonnens.

When the news hits the Landsraad, Shaddam denies all participation, claiming never to have heard of it.

When Shaddam is forced into a corner by Paul Atreides in Dune, he and his Truthsayer, the Bene Gesserit Reverend Mother Mohiam, realize " they had one weapon left and both knew it: treachery.

When Shaddam starts to act without Fenring's counsel due to jealousy, he begins making grievous mishaps ; namely, using atomic weapons and a biological plague, and threatening to destroy Arrakis (' Dune ').

When Title IV took effect in the early 1990s, it led to installation of public Teletypewriter ( TTY ) machines and other TDDs ( Telecommunications Device for the Deaf ).

When Chilperic II died the following year ( 720 ), Charles appointed as his successor the son of Dagobert III, Theuderic IV, who was still a minor, and who occupied the throne from 720 to 737.

When the Protestant Henry IV inherited the French throne in 1589, Elizabeth sent him military support.

When Amenhotep IV became Pharaoh ( circa 1353 BC ), the supreme deity was considered to be Amun-Ra ( itself the result of an earlier rise to prominence of the cult of Amun, resulting in Amun becoming merged with the sun god Ra ).

When Arsinoe IV, Egypt's former queen, was paraded in chains, the spectators admired her dignified bearing and were moved to pity.

When optic neuritis is associated with MRI lesions suggestive of multiple sclerosis ( MS ) then general immunosuppressive therapy for MS is often prescribed ( IV methylprednisolone may shorten attacks ).

When Martin IV died on 28 March 1285, at Perugia, Cardinal Savelli was unanimously elected Pope on 20 May and took the name of Honorius IV.

When his brother Edward IV died in April 1483, Richard was named Lord Protector of the realm for Edward's son and successor, the 12-year-old King Edward V. As the new king travelled to London from Ludlow, Richard met and escorted him to London where he was lodged in the Tower of London.

When he returned to the west in 205 BC, Antiochus found that with the death of Ptolemy IV, the situation now looked propitious for another western campaign.

When, in 784, the imperial secretary Patriarch Tarasius was appointed successor to the Patriarch Paul IV, he accepted on the condition that intercommunion with the other churches should be reestablished ; that is, that the images should be restored.

When Pope Hadrian IV died in 1159, the divided cardinals elected two popes: Roland of Siena, who took the name of Alexander III, and Octavian of Rome who, though nominated by fewer cardinals, was supported by Frederick and assumed the name of Pope Victor IV.

When Henry IV tried to copy this procedure he was less successful, as he lacked the support of the people.

When Gregory was hard pressed by Henry IV, Robert Guiscard left him to his fate, and only intervened when he himself was threatened with German arms.

When he was elected, on 10 April 847, he was cardinal of Santi Quattro Coronati and had been subdeacon of Gregory IV and archpriest under his predecessor.

When in 1376 Charles IV asserted Wenceslaus ' election as King of the Romans by the prince-electors, two of seven votes, those of Brandenburg and Bohemia, were held by the emperor and his son themselves.

When Henry's branch died out in 1340 the duchy was reunited under Emperor Louis IV, a son of Duke Louis II.

When Eckard was assassinated in April, Bolesław I lent his support to Henry IV, Duke of Bavaria, and helped him ascend to the German throne as Henry II.

When Henry III was assassinated on 31 July 1589, Navarre became the first Bourbon king of France as Henry IV.

When her brother, King Charles IV of France, seized Edward's French possessions in 1325, she returned to France, initially as a delegate of the King charged with negotiating a peace treaty between the two countries.

When Henry died 1335 Jan, King of Bohemia, renounced his claims, and Albrecht, Duke of Austria, received Carniola ; it was proclaimed a duchy by Rudolf IV, in 1364.

When Władysław was king ( as Władysław IV ) he oversaw the production of at least ten operas during the late 1630s and 1640s, making Warsaw a center of the art.