When the great reform of the 11th century had put an end to the direct jurisdiction of the lay abbots, the honorary title of abbot continued to be held by certain of the great feudal families, as late as the 13th century and later, the actual head of the community retaining that of dean.

When direct action came to the fore again in the 1980s, it was generally accepted by the peace movement as a normal part of protest.

When forming a sibilant, one still is forcing air through a narrow channel, but in addition the tongue is curled lengthwise to direct the air over the edge of the teeth.

When Haiti announced that its first direct elections ( all men twenty-one or over were allowed to vote ) would be held on October 8, 1950, Magloire resigned from the junta and declared himself a candidate for president.

When presented with the opportunity to direct Das Blaue Licht ( The Blue Light ) ( 1932 ), she took it.

When Ronald Reagan took office, he augmented the direct support to an anti-Sandinista group, called the Contras, which included factions loyal to the former dictatorship.

When it comes to practical application, however, the word probability does not have a singular direct definition.

* When the majority of the Assembly sides with him, the President can take a more active role and may, in effect, direct government policy.

When either a plaintiff ( or prosecutor ) or defendant brings direct evidence or testimony which was not anticipated, the other side may be granted a specific opportunity to rebut it.

When a node first starts, it only knows of its immediate neighbours, and the direct cost involved in reaching them.

When a witness is presented for testimony in the U. S. judicial system, the order is " direct " testimony, then the opposing attorney does " cross " and then " redirect " from the attorney first offering the witness.

When the coil is energized with direct current, a diode is often placed across the coil to dissipate the energy from the collapsing magnetic field at deactivation, which would otherwise generate a voltage spike dangerous to semiconductor circuit components.

When the direct solar radiation is not blocked by clouds, it is experienced as sunshine, a combination of bright light and radiant heat.

When proper units are used for tangential speed v, rotational speed ω, and radial distance r, the direct proportion of v to both r and ω becomes the exact equation:

) When a landline phone is inactive or " on hook ", the circuitry at the telephone exchange detects the absence of direct current and therefore " knows " that the phone is on hook ( therefore, only AC current will go through ) with only the alerting device electrically connected to the line.

When a party " hangs up ", placing the handset back on the cradle or hook, direct current ceases in that line, signaling the exchange to disconnect the call.

When two noun phrases follow a transitive verb, the first is an indirect object, that which is receiving something, and the second is a direct object, that being acted upon.

When there is interplay between the direct and indirect pathways, involuntary movements occur.

When electrical energy is required to be transmitted over very long distances, it is more economical to transmit using direct current instead of alternating current.

When the reflected signal returns to the transmitting end, it is reflected again and returns to the receiving end at a level that is ( 28 plus twice the fiber loss ) dB below the direct signal.

When a circuit is driven with direct current ( DC ), there is no distinction between impedance and resistance ; the latter can be thought of as impedance with zero phase angle.

When a recipient for a kidney or pancreas has no direct antibodies to the donor HLA the match is said to be a 0 ABDR mismatch or zero antigen mismatch.

When the French intelligence found information about someone giving the German embassy military secrets, anti-semitism seems to have caused senior officers to suspect Dreyfus, though there was no direct evidence of any wrongdoing.

When contamination became too serious to be fixed by memory erasures, Captain Picard decided to make direct contact with a civilization's leaders in " Who Watches the Watchers " and " First Contact ," although the latter episode involved a planet on the verge of achieving warp flight, and therefore eligible for First Contact.

When the detective left, Andrus phoned his secretary to cancel his work and to advise the network to get a substitute director for his current project.

When making use of modern cultural divisions in the American Southwest, it is important to comprehend that current terms and conventions have significant limitations:

When the press expanded to current titles, they wrote some books themselves and employed other writers, including Erasmus.

When compressed, the crystal produces a small electrical current, so when placed under the bridge saddle, the vibrations of the strings through the saddle, and of the body of the instrument, are converted to a weak electrical signal.

When a positive voltage is applied to anode of the diode from the circuit, more holes are able to be transferred to the depleted region, and this causes the diode to become conductive, allowing current to flow through the circuit.

When the current through the device is reversed, the electrodes switch functions, so anode becomes cathode, while cathode becomes anode, as long as the reversed current is applied, with the exception of diodes where electrode naming is always based on the forward current direction.

When the cube is centered, the player about to roll may propose that the game be played for twice the current stakes.

When South America became attached to North America creating the Isthmus of Panama, the Arctic region cooled due to the strengthening of the Humboldt and Gulf Stream currents, eventually leading to the glaciations of the Pleistocene ice age, the current interglacial of which is the Holocene Epoch.

When the traversal encounters an atom through which the current path has already passed, a ghost atom is generated in order to keep the tree finite.

When a metal wire is subjected to electric force applied on its opposite ends, these free electrons rush in the direction of the force, thus forming what we call an electric current.

When analyzing electrical circuits, the actual direction of current through a specific circuit element is usually unknown.

When the amount of RAM is not sufficient to run all the current programs, it can result in a situation where the computer spends more time moving memory from RAM to disk and back than it does accomplishing tasks ; this is known as thrashing.

When the current bridge was planned in the 1970s, Caltrans conducted extensive environmental research on the aquatic and terrestrial environment.

When any wire ( or other conducting object such as an antenna ) conducts alternating current, electromagnetic radiation is propagated at the same frequency as the electric current.

When EM radiation at the frequences for which it is referred to as " radio waves " impinges upon a conductor, it couples to the conductor, travels along it, and induces an electric current on the surface of the conductor by moving the electrons of the conducting material in correlated bunches of charge.

When the current changes, the magnetic field does too, inducing a voltage between the ends of the conductor.

When faced with a new circuit, the software first tries to find a steady state solution, that is, one where all nodes conform to Kirchhoff's Current Law and the voltages across and through each element of the circuit conform to the voltage / current equations governing that element.

When the electric current is applied, the larger molecules move more slowly through the gel while the smaller molecules move faster.

When they are the longest serving State Governor, the Governor of New South Wales holds a dormant commission to act as the Administrator of the Commonwealth when the Governor-General of Australia is absent from Australia, a role held by the current Governor.

When a current-carrying semiconductor is kept in a magnetic field, the charge carriers of the semiconductor experience a force in a direction perpendicular to both the magnetic field and the current.

When the current flowing through an inductor changes, creating a time-varying magnetic field inside the coil, a voltage is induced, according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, which by Lenz's law opposes the change in current that created it.