When the great reform of the 11th century had put an end to the direct jurisdiction of the lay abbots, the honorary title of abbot continued to be held by certain of the great feudal families, as late as the 13th century and later, the actual head of the community retaining that of dean.

When forming a sibilant, one still is forcing air through a narrow channel, but in addition the tongue is curled lengthwise to direct the air over the edge of the teeth.

When Haiti announced that its first direct elections ( all men twenty-one or over were allowed to vote ) would be held on October 8, 1950, Magloire resigned from the junta and declared himself a candidate for president.

When presented with the opportunity to direct Das Blaue Licht ( The Blue Light ) ( 1932 ), she took it.

When Ronald Reagan took office, he augmented the direct support to an anti-Sandinista group, called the Contras, which included factions loyal to the former dictatorship.

When it comes to practical application, however, the word probability does not have a singular direct definition.

* When the majority of the Assembly sides with him, the President can take a more active role and may, in effect, direct government policy.

When either a plaintiff ( or prosecutor ) or defendant brings direct evidence or testimony which was not anticipated, the other side may be granted a specific opportunity to rebut it.

When a node first starts, it only knows of its immediate neighbours, and the direct cost involved in reaching them.

When a witness is presented for testimony in the U. S. judicial system, the order is " direct " testimony, then the opposing attorney does " cross " and then " redirect " from the attorney first offering the witness.

When the coil is energized with direct current, a diode is often placed across the coil to dissipate the energy from the collapsing magnetic field at deactivation, which would otherwise generate a voltage spike dangerous to semiconductor circuit components.

When the direct solar radiation is not blocked by clouds, it is experienced as sunshine, a combination of bright light and radiant heat.

When proper units are used for tangential speed v, rotational speed ω, and radial distance r, the direct proportion of v to both r and ω becomes the exact equation:

) When a landline phone is inactive or " on hook ", the circuitry at the telephone exchange detects the absence of direct current and therefore " knows " that the phone is on hook ( therefore, only AC current will go through ) with only the alerting device electrically connected to the line.

When a party " hangs up ", placing the handset back on the cradle or hook, direct current ceases in that line, signaling the exchange to disconnect the call.

When two noun phrases follow a transitive verb, the first is an indirect object, that which is receiving something, and the second is a direct object, that being acted upon.

When there is interplay between the direct and indirect pathways, involuntary movements occur.

When electrical energy is required to be transmitted over very long distances, it is more economical to transmit using direct current instead of alternating current.

When a direct current ( DC ) flows through the coil, the coil generates a magnetic field.

When the reflected signal returns to the transmitting end, it is reflected again and returns to the receiving end at a level that is ( 28 plus twice the fiber loss ) dB below the direct signal.

When a circuit is driven with direct current ( DC ), there is no distinction between impedance and resistance ; the latter can be thought of as impedance with zero phase angle.

When a recipient for a kidney or pancreas has no direct antibodies to the donor HLA the match is said to be a 0 ABDR mismatch or zero antigen mismatch.

When the French intelligence found information about someone giving the German embassy military secrets, anti-semitism seems to have caused senior officers to suspect Dreyfus, though there was no direct evidence of any wrongdoing.

When contamination became too serious to be fixed by memory erasures, Captain Picard decided to make direct contact with a civilization's leaders in " Who Watches the Watchers " and " First Contact ," although the latter episode involved a planet on the verge of achieving warp flight, and therefore eligible for First Contact.

When he had left, I could never remember whether he had poked them in their middles, laughingly, with a thick index finger or whether he was merely so much the sort of person who did this that one assumed the action, not bothering to look.

When they say that under no circumstances would it ever be right to `` permit '' the termination of the human race by human action, because there could not possibly be any proportionate grave reason to justify such a thing, they know exactly what they mean.

`` When in doubt as to two courses of action, a general should choose the bolder ''.

When war broke out afresh with Thebes the king twice invaded Boeotia ( in 378 BC and 377 BC ), although he spent the next five years largely out of action due to an unspecified but apparently grave illness.

When it reconvened in January 1868, the Senate disapproved of his action, and reinstated Stanton, contending Johnson had violated the Tenure of Office Act.

When an action potential, traveling along an axon, arrives at a synapse, it causes a chemical called a neurotransmitter to be released.

: When, after the action had thus occurred, his own men returned to each general, Scipio could adopt no fixed plan of proceeding, except that he should form his measures from the plans and undertakings of the enemy: and Hannibal, uncertain whether he should pursue the march he had commenced into Italy, or fight with the Roman army which had first presented itself, the arrival of ambassadors from the Boii, and of a petty prince called Magalus, diverted from an immediate engagement ; who, declaring that they would be the guides of his journey and the companions of his dangers, gave it as their opinion, that Italy ought to be attacked with the entire force of the war, his strength having been nowhere previously impaired.

" When Congress, in the summer of 1973, legislated an end to U. S. military action in, over, or off the shores of Indochina, the only U. S. military activity then going on was air support of a friendly Cambodian government and army desperately defending their country against a North Vietnamese and Khmer Rouge onslaught ... What destabilized Cambodia was North Vietnam's occupation of chunks of Cambodian territory from 1965 onwards for use as military bases from which to launch attacks on U. S. and South Vietnamese forces in South Vietnam.

When a monarch does act, political controversy can often ensue, partially because the neutrality of the crown is seen to be compromised in favour of a partisan goal, while some political scientists champion the idea of an " interventionist monarch " as a check against possible illegal action by politicians.

When a body is acted upon by external contact forces, internal contact forces are then transmitted from point to point inside the body to balance their action, according to Newton's second law of motion of conservation of linear momentum and angular momentum ( for continuous bodies these laws are called the Euler's equations of motion ).

When cells enter mitosis, the sister chromatids ( which represent the two copies of each chromosomal DNA molecule resulting from DNA replication earlier in the cell cycle and packaged by histones and other proteins into chromatin ) are linked all along their length by the action of the cohesin complex.

When the axon is damaged, on the other hand, this results in a reduced compound muscle action potential ( CMAP ).

When a soldier is killed in action, the round piece is removed by cutting the short loop with a bayonet, while the oval piece remains with the body.

When the game design phase began in late 1992, the main thematic influences were the science fiction action film Aliens and the horror film Evil Dead II.

When someone judges something to be good, or some action to be right, then the person is using the faculty of moral intuition.

When Caraffa's replacement, Count Caprara, was himself transferred in 1694, it seemed that Eugene's chance for command and decisive action had finally arrived.

When it became obvious that a military action in East Pakistan was inevitable, Admiral Ahsan resigned from his position as Martial Law Administrator in protest, and immediately flew back to Karachi, West Pakistan.

When he began making longer films in 1902, he put a dissolve between every shot, just as Georges Méliès was already doing, and he frequently had the same action repeated across the dissolves.

When something happens which triggers the need for legal action, it is known as " the event ".

When the curia did nothing, he spoke to the city's leading citizens, trying to persuade them to take action.

When the curia still took no substantial action in regards to the food shortage, Julian intervened, fixing the prices for grain and importing more from Egypt.

When, for example, we use a verb to function as the action done by a subject, many languages require conjugating the verb to reflect that meaning.

When the magneto is supposed to fire, the flyweights are released by the action of the body contacting the trigger ramp.

When French police arrested Abu Daoud, one of the chief organizers of the Munich massacre, and inquired about extraditing him to Germany, Germany's justice secretary Alfred Seidl recommended that Germany should not take any action, causing the French to release Abu Daoud and the Assad regime to shelter him until he died at a Damascus hospital in 2010.