While western Cairo is dominated by wide boulevards, open spaces, and modern architecture of European influence, the eastern half, having grown haphazardly over the centuries, is dominated by small lanes, crowded tenements, and Islamic architecture.

While the CIA and MI6 and the People's Liberation Army of China financed the operation along with the Pakistan government against the Soviet Union Eventually the Soviet Union began looking for a withdrawal route and in 1988 Geneva Accords were signed between Communist-Afghanistan and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ; under the terms Soviet troops were to withdraw.

While the concept of heaven ( malkuth hashamaim מלכות השמים, the Kingdom of Heaven ) is well-defined within the Christian and Islamic religions, the Jewish concept of the afterlife, sometimes known as olam haba, the World-to-come, is not so precise.

" While he also praised the group for " steadfast Islamic stance.

While Sunni Islam was the state religion, there was not widespread pressure to convert ; indeed, Jahangir specifically warned his nobles that they " should not force Islam on anyone .” In the first century of Islamic expansion this attitude was taken partially because of concerns that an absence of non-Muslims would deprive the state of a valuable source of revenue.

While part of the larger Islamic Empire, Morocco was initially organized as a subsidiary province of Ifriqiya, with the local governors appointed by the Arab governor in Kairouan.

While the English term " saint " originated in Christianity, the term is now applied in other world religions, with the Jewish Tzadik, the Islamic wali, the Hindu rishi or guru, and the Buddhist arahat or boddhisatva also referred to as saints.

While in power, it enforced its strict interpretation of Sharia law, and leading Muslims have been highly critical of the Taliban's interpretations of Islamic law.

While creating Muhammad, Messenger of God, he consulted Islamic clerics and tried to be respectful toward Islam and its views on portraying Prophet Muhammad.

While in many cases a story is cut off with the hero in danger of losing his life or another kind of deep trouble, in some parts of the full text Scheherazade stops her narration in the middle of an exposition of abstract philosophical principles or complex points of Islamic philosophy, and in one case during a detailed description of human anatomy according to Galen — and in all these cases turns out to be justified in her belief that the king's curiosity about the sequel would buy her another day of life.

While the Seljuqs and Crusaders both employed assassination as a military means of disposing of factional enemies, during the Alamut period almost any murder of political significance in the Islamic lands was attributed to the Ismailis.

While some propose that encounters with the Islamic shamshir inspired its creation, these " scimitars " of Persia were not developed until long after the falchion.

While Bahrain's liberals have sought to use the opening of civil society to campaign against the domination of Islamic parties in politics, with a campaign to protect personal freedoms, We Have A Right, led by the civic group, Al Muntada.

While earlier Greek proofs were largely geometric demonstrations, the development of arithmetic and algebra by Islamic mathematicians allowed more general proofs that no longer depended on geometry.

While the pinnacles may seem to be an aesthetic feature of the towers to enhance their presence and height, they also play function to aircraft warning lights and are an essential element to the overall Islamic minaret design that the towers embody.

While the siege was seen as a public relations disaster for Maskhadov, his more radical Islamic field commanders have correspondingly benefited.

While present in the Quran, sadaqah is much less formally established than the sometimes similar practice of zakat, and in many cultures takes a form similar to the green envelope closer to gift-giving and generosity among friends than charity in the strict sense: no attempt is made to give more to guests ' in need ', nor is it ( as Islamic charity is conventionally seen as ) a religious obligation.

While traditional religious supremacism played a role in the Islamic view of Jews, the same attitude applied to Christians and other non-Muslims.

While the ulama are well versed in legal fiqh ( jurisprudence ) being Islamic lawyers, some of them also go on to specialize in other fields, such as hadith or tafseer.

While forcefully speaking out against Islamic anti-Semitism and anti-Israeli rhetoric, the American Jewish Committee ( AJC ) has worked since 1985 to enhance relations between Jews and Muslims.

While he had very little influence in the Islamic world, which was then dominated by Avicennian philosophy and Ash ' ari theology, Averroism became very influential in medieval Europe, especially among the Scholastics.

While philosophy did indeed decline in the western Islamic world ( Al-Andalus and the Maghreb ), recent research has shown that philosophy continued long after in the eastern Islamic world ( Persia and India ), where the Avicennian, Illuminationist and Sufi schools predominated, until Islamic philosophy reached its zenith with Mulla Sadra's existentialist school of transcendent theosophy in the 17th century.

While the Seljuqs and Crusaders both employed assassination as a military means of disposing of factional enemies, during the Alamut period almost any murder of political significance in the Islamic lands was attributed to the Ismailis.

While the crew spent six weeks shooting on location in Scotland, the major battle scenes were shot in the Republic of Ireland using members of the Irish Army Reserve as extras.

While some anti-imperialist narratives notably those of historians within the People's Republic of China as well as Western Marxist histories incorporate anti-imperialist narratives in their histories, many anti-imperialist narratives are non-Marxist or as in the case of the Kuomintang in the 1960s, actively anti-Marxist.

While relations between the islands have had difficulties, mainly due the huge exodus of illegal immigrants from the Dominican Republic due to the nation's history of economic woes, the islands still, with the assistance of the United States Coast Guard and the Dominican Navy have worked hard to reduce the number of Dominicans crossing the Mona Passage in recent years.

While Deng never held office as the head of state, head of government or General Secretary of the Communist Party of China ( the highest position in Communist China ), he nonetheless served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China from 1978 to 1992.

Silvermintz notes that, " Historians of economic thought credit Plato, primarily on account of arguments advanced in his Republic, as an early proponent of the division of labor .” Notwithstanding this, Silvermintz argues that, " While Plato recognizes both the economic and political benefits of the division of labor, he ultimately critiques this form of economic arrangement insofar as it hinders the individual from ordering his own soul by cultivating acquisitive motives over prudence and reason.

While there are 54 members of the International Floorball Federation ( IFF ), the Czech Republic, Finland, Sweden and Switzerland have finished in most of the coveted 1st, 2nd and 3rd places at the World Floorball Championships.

While serving as Haitian ambassador to the Dominican Republic, Lescot fell under the sway of Trujillo's influence and wealth.

While there are 68 total members of the International Ice Hockey Federation ( IIHF ), 162 of 177 medals at the IIHF World Championships have been taken by these seven nations: Canada, the Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden and the United States.

While the Papal Nuncio in Washington, D. C. serves as the Vatican State's ambassador to the U. S. and the ecclesiastical liaison to the American Roman Catholic Church, the Holy See has designated the Papal Nuncio in the Dominican Republic as the ecclesiastical liaison to the Roman Catholic Church in Puerto Rico.

While the Constitution of the Soviet Union described that union as a " unitary, federal and multinational state ", it was in reality a unitary state as each Soviet Socialist Republic was dominated by the Communist Party.

While continuing to be the main method of elections in the Republic of Ireland and for some elections in Australia, it has been widely used in numerous corporations and organizations, and has been employed in local elections in a few jurisdictions of the United States.

While originally a civil war, it quickly escalated into a war between the western powers under the United Nations Command led by the United States and its allies and the communist powers of the People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union.

* While discussing the details of a military expedition against the Almoravids for the following year, the representative of the Republic of Genoa and the count of Barcelona reach a commercial agreement granting privileges to merchants of both nation in the Catalan and Ligurian ports.

While most press coverage continued to be positive, with criticism only from liberal publications like The Nation and The New Republic, one attorney raised the first noteworthy protest.

While Belarus National Republic faced off with Litbel, foreign powers were preparing to reclaim what they saw as their territories: Polish forces were moving from the West, and Russians from the East.

While the United States and the Soviet Union each developed robust first-and second-strike capabilities during the Cold War, the People's Republic of China pursued a doctrine of minimal nuclear deterrence.

While Jacques Peirotes, at this time deputy at the Landrat Elsass-Lothringen and just elected mayor of Strasbourg, proclaimed the forfeiture of the German Empire and the advent of the French Republic, a self-proclaimed government of Alsace-Lorraine declared independence as the " Republic of Alsace-Lorraine ".

While dictator Benito Mussolini's Italian Social Republic ( Repubblica Sociale Italiana, or RSI ) continued to maintain its alliance with Germany until the end of the war, the RSI was never more than a puppet state.

While the wars of religion did not re-ignite, as many as 400, 000 Protestants chose to leave France, most moving to Great Britain, Prussia, the Dutch Republic, Switzerland, South Africa and the new French colonies in North America.

While the ships first appear with a red and grey Republic color scheme, the Venator at the movie's end is gray and white ; this lack of color signifies the Empire's rise to power.

While Germany had a semi-presidential system during the Weimar Republic, today's presidential office is mainly supervising and ceremonial, with the Chancellor of Germany generally seen as wielding the effective power and guideline authority in everyday politics.

While Grewe was somewhat circumspect, the foreign minister, Brentano, made it clear that regardless of the economic consequences the Federal Republic would immediately break off diplomatic relations with any state that recognized the German Democratic Republic de jure or recognized the " reality of two German states ".