Eliezer Shlomo Yudkowsky ( born September 11, 1979 ) is an American writer, blogger, and advocate for the development of friendly artificial intelligence and the understanding of a possible future singularity.

Yudkowsky, who lives in Redwood City, California, did not attend high school and is an autodidact, having no formal education in computer science or artificial intelligence.

Yudkowsky is also a strong proponent of cryonics.

This specific term was coined by Eliezer Yudkowsky of the Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence as a technical term distinct from the everyday meaning of the word " friendly "; however, the concern is much older.

One example Yudkowsky provides is that of an AI initially designed to solve the Riemann hypothesis, which, upon being upgraded or upgrading itself with superhuman intelligence, tries to develop molecular nanotechnology because it wants to convert all matter in the Solar System into computing material to solve the problem, killing the humans who asked the question.

Singularitarianism coalesced into a coherent ideology in 2000 when artificial intelligence researcher Eliezer Yudkowsky wrote The Singularitarian Principles, in which he stated that a “ Singularitarian ” believes that the singularity is a secular, non-mystical event which is possible and beneficial to the world and is worked towards by its adherents.

Artificial General Intelligence researcher Eliezer Yudkowsky has stated on this note that, probabilistically, humanity is less likely to be threatened by deliberately aggressive AIs than by AIs which were programmed such that their goals are unintentionally incompatible with human survival or well-being ( as in the film I, Robot and in the short story " The Evitable Conflict ").

Therefore, even if the computer components responsible for simulating a brain were not significantly smaller than a biological brain, and even if the temperature of these components was not significantly lower, Eliezer Yudkowsky of the Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence calculates a theoretical upper bound for the speed of a future artificial neural network.

In June 2000 Yudkowsky, with the support of Internet entrepreneurs Brian Atkins and Sabine Atkins, founded the Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence to work towards the creation of self-improving Friendly AI.

The Singularity Institute espouses the Friendly AI model created by its co-founder Eliezer Yudkowsky as a potential solution to such problems.

The Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence was founded in 2000 by AI researcher Eliezer Yudkowsky and Internet entrepreneurs Brian and Sabine Atkins.

In 2003, the Singularity Institute appeared at the Foresight Senior Associates Gathering, where co-founder Eliezer Yudkowsky presented a talk titled " Foundations of Order ".

Yudkowsky was, along with Robin Hanson, one of the principal contributors to the blog Overcoming Bias sponsored by the Future of Humanity Institute of Oxford University.

More recently, Eliezer Yudkowsky has called for the creation of “ Friendly AI ” to mitigate the existential threat of hostile intelligences.

He also believes that initially seed AI could only be created by powerful private sector interests ( a view not shared by Yudkowsky ), and that multinational corporations and the like would have no incentive to implement Friendliness theory.

Eliezer ; for the AI researcher and writer on rationality see Eliezer Yudkowsky ; for the Levite priest of the Hebrew Bible, see Eleazar.

To this end, there has been much recent work in what has become known as Friendliness Theory, which holds that, as advocate and AI researcher Eliezer Yudkowsky states, "... you ought to be able to reach into ' mind-design-space ' ( i. e. the hypothetical realm which contains all possible intelligent minds ) and pull out a mind ( design an intelligent machine ) such that afterwards, you're glad you made it real.

* Eliezer Yudkowsky — the originator of the Seed AI theory.

* Future Shock Levels by Eliezer Yudkowsky

* Yudkowsky, E. Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk.

Yudkowsky advances the Coherent Extrapolated Volition ( CEV ) model.

I knew that a conversation with the author would not settle such questions, because a man is not the same as his writing: in the last analysis, the questions had to be settled by the work itself.

But to return to the main line of our inquiry, it is doubtful that Utopia is still widely read because More was medieval or even because he was a martyr -- indeed, it is likely that these days many who read Utopia with interest do not even know that its author was a martyr.

To the extent that a tale is twice told, its final author must be suspect, although plagiarism in an oral tradition is less a misdemeanor than the standard modus dicendi.

The author of Crystal Structures is Ralph W.G. Wyckoff, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.

He selected as Comptroller of Defense, not a veteran accountant, but a former Rhodes Scholar, Charles Hitch, who is author of a study on The Economics Of Defense In The Nuclear Age.

Postmaster General J. Edward Day, who must deal with matters of postal censorship, is himself author of a novel, Bartholf Street, albeit one he was obliged to publish at his own expense.

Not only should this provision be enforced but other economic and political actions might be taken which, this author believes, `` must surely be supported by every American who values the freedom that has been won for him and whose conscience is not so dominated by the lines in his account books that he can willingly and knowingly contribute to the enslavement of another nation ''.

The dialogue is sharp, witty and candid -- typical `` don't eat the daisies '' material -- which has stamped the author throughout her books and plays, and it was obvious that the Theatre-by-the-Sea audience liked it.

A semi-serious literary document entitled `` The Wings Of Henry James '' is noteworthy, if only for a keenly trenchant though little-known comment on the master's difficult later period by modest Owen Wister, author of `` The Virginian ''.

the author possesses an uncommonly fine English style, and he is dealing with subjects of vast importance that are highly topical for our time.

`` He has married me with a ring of bright water '', begins the Kathleen Raine poem from which Maxwell takes his title, and it is this mystic bond between the human and natural world that the author conveys.

This is not only a compliment to Mijbil, of whom there are a fine series of photographs and drawings in the book, but to the author who has catalogued the saga of a frightened otter cub's journey by plane from Iraq to London, then by train ( where he lay curled in the wash basin playing with the water tap ) to Camusfearna, with affectionate detail.

Mr. Sansom is English, bearded, formidably cultivated, the versatile author of numerous volumes of short stories, of novels and of pieces that are neither short stories nor travel articles but something midway between.

This latter failure is more than merely bad reportage and it is distinctly more important than it would have been had the author drawn Clerfayt as, say, a tournament golfer.

The man most firmly at grips with the problem is the University of Minnesota's Physiologist Ancel Keys, 57, inventor of the wartime K ( for Keys ) ration and author of last year's bestselling Eat Well And Stay Well.

While Swift ’ s proposal is obviously not a serious economic proposal, George Wittkowsky, author of " Swift ’ s Modest Proposal: The Biography of an Early Georgian Pamphlet ", argues that to understand the piece fully, it is important to understand the economics of Swift ’ s time.

Korzybski is remembered as the author of the dictum: " The map is not the territory ".

* Salvatore Iro, artist, author of Manifesto Art is ... Shit, a collection of works conceived to decrypt the language of modern and contemporary art, in 2012 creates the artwork Ceci est une pomme, marked by the subheading: " non aristotelian obviousness ".

Isabel Allende is a prominent Chilean author of the 20th and 21st centuries.

Molecular nanotechnology is one of the technologies that some analysts believe could lead to a Technological Singularity.

In February 2007, Ptolemaic Productions acquired the rights to The Singularity is Near, The Age of Spiritual Machines and Fantastic Voyage including the rights to Kurzweil's life and ideas for the film Transcendent Man.

* Endgame: Singularity is an open source game where the player is AI, whose goal is to attain technological singularity / apotheosis.

There is some similarity here to Trevor Wishart's community pieces like Forest Singularity.

In computing, ( directory ) is a command used for file and directory listing, specifically in the command line interface ( CLI ) of these operating systems: RT-11, CP / M, VMS, DOS, OS / 2, Singularity, and Microsoft Windows.

The white halo formed by condensed water droplets is thought to result from a drop in air pressure around the aircraft at transonic speeds ( see Prandtl-Glauert Singularity ).

Kentar is developing the " Quantum Singularity " that allows the Cardassians to summon Species 8472 ships at will.

Singularity is an experimental Operating System based on Microsoft's. NET Framework.

Guido is assigned to protect a former employee of Singularity Investigations, Henry Buchanan.

In his book The Singularity is Near, Kurzweil makes a detailed critique of Smalley's views on nanotechnology.

Promoting Friendly AI is one of the primary goals of the Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence, along with obtaining funding for, and ultimately creating a seed AI program implementing the ideas of Friendliness theory.

Making the CEV concept precise enough to serve as a formal program specification is part of the research agenda of the Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence.

In his criticism of the Singularity Institute's 2001 Friendly AI guidelines, he suggests an AI goal architecture in which human happiness is determined by human behaviors indicating happiness: " Any artifact implementing ' learning ' [...] must have ' human happiness ' as its only initial reinforcement value [...] and ' human happiness ' values are produced by an algorithm produced by supervised learning, to recognize happiness in human facial expressions, voices and body language, as trained by human behavior experts.

As of 2011 he proposes to build an " AI Nanny " system " whose job it is to protect us from ourselves and our technology – not forever, but just for a while, while we work on the hard problem of creating a Friendly Singularity.

Singularity Sky ( hardcover ISBN 0-441-01072-5 ; softcover ISBN 1-84149-334-1 ) is a science fiction novel by author Charles Stross, published in 2003.

Singularity Sky is set in a universe where human societies have been involuntarily taken from Earth and widely distributed, seemingly at random, across the galaxy in the aftermath of a technological singularity.

This Infinity Point is an early version of the " Singularity " later made popular by Ray Kurzweil.

The white halo is formed by condensed water droplets which are thought to result from a decrease in air pressure behind the shockwave ( see Prandtl-Glauert Singularity ).

Singularitarianism is a technocentric ideology and social movement defined by the belief that a technological singularity — the creation of superintelligence — will likely happen in the medium future, and that deliberate action ought to be taken to ensure that the Singularity benefits humans.

Singularitarians are distinguished from other futurists who speculate on a technological singularity by their belief that the Singularity is not only possible, but desirable if guided prudently.

This term has since been redefined to mean " Singularity activist " or " friend of the Singularity "; that is, one who acts so as to bring about the Singularity.