On February 15, 1933, 23 days after this amendment was ratified, President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt was the target of an unsuccessful assassination attempt by Giuseppe Zangara.

Giuseppe Zangara ( September 7, 1900 – March 20, 1933 ) was the assassin of Chicago mayor Anton Cermak, though United States President – elect Franklin D. Roosevelt may have been his intended target.

Zangara was born in Ferruzzano, Calabria, Italy.

On February 15, 1933, Roosevelt was giving an impromptu speech from the back of an open car in the Bayfront Park area of Miami, Florida, where Zangara was living, working the occasional odd job, and living off his savings.

As he was led out of the courtroom, Zangara told the judge: " Four times 20 is 80.

Zangara was promptly indicted for first-degree murder in Cermak's death.

Because Zangara had intended to commit murder, it was irrelevant that his intended target may not have been the man he ultimately killed.

Zangara pleaded guilty to the additional murder charge, and was sentenced to die.

On March 20, 1933, after spending only 10 days on Death Row, Zangara was executed in Old Sparky, the electric chair at Florida State Prison in Raiford, Florida.

Raymond Moley interviewed Zangara and believed he was not part of any larger plot, and that he had intended to kill Roosevelt.

Alternative theories have circulated, especially in Chicago, where there were rumors that Zangara was a hired killer, working for Frank Nitti, who was the head of the Chicago Outfit ( Chicago's largest organized-crime syndicate ).

Some versions of this story assert that Zangara was a diversion for a second gunman who was to shoot Cermak ; but this alleged second gunman was never seen.

Another point is that Zangara had been an expert marksman in the Italian Army ( though not with a pistol from a great distance ), and would presumably hit his target, so perhaps Cermak was the intended victim.

* 1933-Giuseppe Zangara assassinates Chicago mayor Anton Cermak ; the intended target was President-elect Roosevelt, who was not wounded.

On October 20, 1934, he married Helena Cermak, daughter of the late Anton Cermak, who had been mayor of Chicago before he was shot and mortally wounded in Miami, Florida, in 1933 by Giuseppe Zangara in what may have been an attempt on the life of president-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt.

In 1960, in a two-part story line on the TV show The Untouchables, actor Joe Mantell played the part of Giuseppe " Joe " Zangara.

Some historians believe that Giuseppe Zangara, the man who killed Chicago mayor Anton Cermak in a possible attempt to assassinate then President-Elect Franklin D. Roosevelt, might have been attempting suicide by police.

In Philip K. Dick's The Man in the High Castle, an alternate history novel in which Germany and Japan win World War 2, the point of divergence is Franklin D. Roosevelt's fictional assassination by Giuseppe Zangara in 1933.

* 1933 – In Miami, Florida, Giuseppe Zangara attempts to assassinate President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt, but instead shoots Chicago mayor Anton J. Cermak, who dies of his wounds on March 6, 1933.

* 1900 – Giuseppe Zangara, Italian assassin of Anton Cermak and attempted assassin of Franklin D. Roosevelt ( d. 1933 )

* February 15 – In Miami, Florida, Giuseppe Zangara attempts to assassinate President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt, but instead fatally wounds Chicago Mayor Anton J. Cermak.

* March 20 – Giuseppe Zangara, attempted assassin of Franklin D. Roosevelt ( b. 1900 )

After serving in the Tyrolian Alps in World War I, Zangara did a variety of menial jobs in his home village before emigrating with his uncle to the United States in 1923.

Zangara, a poorly educated bricklayer, suffered severe pain in his abdomen, later attributed to adhesions of the gall bladder, possibly originating from an appendectomy performed in 1926.

Zangara joined the crowd, armed with a. 32-caliber pistol he had bought at a local pawn shop.

In the Dade County Courthouse jail, Zangara confessed and stated: " I have the gun in my hand.

There a dozen giant monitors played their seventy-five-foot jets of water against the huge seam of tertiary gravel which was the mountainside.

By failing to do as he was told instantly -- to take out a permit or return the gun to his car -- he had played into Lord's hands.

For lawyers, reflecting perhaps their parochial preferences, there has been a special fascination since then in the role played by the Supreme Court in that transformation -- the manner in which its decisions altered in `` the switch in time that saved nine '', President Roosevelt's ill-starred but in effect victorious `` Court-packing plan '', the imprimatur of judicial approval that was finally placed upon social legislation.

One evening, while a volley-ball game was being played in the yard among the prisoners remaining there, a simulated melee was staged -- just as the gates were opened to admit other prisoners returning from work.

It was here that the terror-stricken Dennis Moon played an unrehearsed role during the children's party.

Karl played well and his favorite song was a Schubert lullaby.

The CTCA program of activities was profuse: William Farnum and Mary Pickford on the screen, Elsie Janis and Harry Lauder on the stage, books provided by the American Library Association, full equipment for games and sports -- except that no `` bones '' were furnished for the all-time favorite pastime played on any floor and known as `` African golf ''.

Chicago was also a welcome host: there, in 1921, Prokofieff conducted the world premiere of the Love For Three Oranges, and played the first performance of his Third Piano Concerto.

As Letch's antisocial conduct increased, our invitations decreased and my heart was in my mouth whenever I played hostess at a fashionable `` screenland '' gathering.

She was hired and was found to be entirely satisfactory when she played the role eight hours a day.

He played a number of typical situations before observers, other supervisors who kept notes and then explained to him in detail what he did they thought was wrong.

This was typical of such games, which were earnestly played to win and practically never wound up in an expression of good fellowship.

Even a city of thirty thousand might have six baseball teams, sponsored by grocers and hardware merchants or department stores, that played two or three times a week throughout the summer, usually in the cool of the evening, before an earnest and partisan audience who did not begrudge a quarter each, or even more, to be dropped into a hat when the game was half over.

It was just that little accidents played into her hands.

In recent years Anna Xydis has played with the New York Philharmonic and at Lewisohn Stadium, but her program last night at Town Hall was the Greek-born pianist's first New York recital since 1948.

She played with style and a touch of the grand manner, and every piece she performed was especially effective in its closing measures.

Rococo music -- a lot of it -- was played in Carnegie Recital Hall on Saturday night in the first of four concerts being sponsored this season by a new organization known as Globe Concert Arts.

The orchestra was obviously on its mettle and it played most responsively.

It was strange stuff -- it reminded me of the pictures of a child, but a child who has never played with other kids and has lived all its life with adults.

As Apollo played the lyre, this was easy to do.

When Richard Nixon visited China in 1972, this song was played as the welcome music.

Alumni played its last game in 1911 and was definitely dissolved on April 24, 1913.

The music to all four films was composed and conducted by Ron Goodwin and is still played on radio today.