Zoologists define predation as the killing and consumption of another organism ( which generally excludes parasites and most bacteria ).

* Lives of Eminent Zoologists from Aristotle to Linnaeus ( 1830 )

For his contribution to world science, he has received the A. Wardle Medal from the Canadian Society of Zoologists, K. Janicki Medal from the Polish Parasitological Society and K. Demel Medal from the Sea Fisheries Institute in Gdynia, Poland.

Leggett's work, both in biological science and as a leader in Canadian education, has resulted in numerous national and international awards, including membership in the Order of Canada, Fellowship in the Royal Society of Canada, Paul Harris Fellow of Rotary International, honorary degrees from McGill, Queen's, McMaster, Laval, Wilfrid Laurier and Waterloo Universities, the Fry Medal of the Canadian Society of Zoologists and, from the American Fisheries Society, the Award of Excellence in Fisheries Education for his exceptional contributions to undergraduate and graduate level education in his discipline, and the Oscar A. Sette Award and the Award of Excellence for outstanding research contributions to fisheries and marine ecology.

Zoologists and paleontologists use fauna to refer to a typical collection of animals found in a specific time or place, e. g. the " Sonoran Desert fauna " or the " Burgess Shale fauna ".

Zoologists and biologists now have solid evidence that monogamous pairs of animals are not always sexually exclusive.

* Zoologists and wildlife biologists study animals and wildlife — their origin, behavior, diseases, and life processes.

As early as 1910 he had given a presentation to the World Congress of Zoologists in Graz, Austria in which he described the possibility of obtaining such a hybrid through artificial insemination.

Zoologists usually are identified by the animal group they study.

Zoologists are aware that notions of shyness and boldness are anthropomorphic ( as exemplified by the use of quotation marks, above ; " personality " is another term used with quotation marks ).

The first court to certify will generally exclude residents of provinces whose courts have certified a parallel class action.

Some blood tests are generally done to exclude underlying disease, such as hypogonadism and prolactinoma.

These notions refer more to the kind of polynomials one is generally working with than to individual polynomials ; for instance when working with univariate polynomials one does not exclude constant polynomials ( which may result, for instance, from the subtraction of non-constant polynomials ), although strictly speaking constant polynomials do not contain any variables at all.

Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu.

However, in Locke v. Davey, 540 U. S. 712 ( 2004 ), the Court held that states could exclude majors in " devotional theology " from an otherwise generally available college scholarship.

Human rights treaties, for example, are generally interpreted to exclude the possibility of withdrawal, because of the importance and permanence of the obligations.

The former view is the one adopted by Bentham and Mill, and ( I believe ) by the Utilitarian school generally: and is obviously most in accordance with the universality that is characteristic of their principle ... it seems arbitrary and unreasonable to exclude from the end, as so conceived, any pleasure of any sentient being.

The types of vehicles include, but are not limited to sport utility vehicles ( SUVs ), light-duty trucks, and any combination thereof, along with all the various van and car sizes, but would generally be taken to exclude human powered vehicles such as bicycles.

Therefore " mainland China " generally continues to exclude these territories, because of the " One country, two systems " policy adopted by the PRC central government towards the regions.

) The following sections briefly detail the historical and present distribution of ethnic Germans by region, but generally exclude modern expatriates, who have a presence in the United States, Scandinavia and major urban areas worldwide.

While the spelling shard is generally reserved for referring to fragments of glass vessels the term does not exclude pottery fragments.

They are generally ineffective, and are no substitute for physical measures to exclude squirrels from building interiors.

As this does not exclude any specific group, it is generally not considered a restriction on public use.

Which is generally considered that everyone has a right to access and use public space, as opposed to private space which may have restrictions, there has been some academic interest in how public spaces are managed to exclude certain groups-specifically homeless people and young people.

These moderators are given special privileges to delete or edit others ' contributions and / or exclude people based on their e-mail address or IP address, and generally attempt to remove negative contributions throughout the community.

Some restrict access to local residents and apply other admission criteria, such as only allowing injection drug users, but generally in Europe they don't exclude addicts who consume by other means.

The term athletic shoes is typically used for running in a marathon or half marathon, basketball, and tennis ( amongst others ) but tends to exclude shoes for sports played on grass such as association football and rugby football, which are generally known as " Studs ," or in North America as cleats.

It also expanded the scope of the CEA to cover the previously listed agricultural products and “ all other goods and articles, except onions, and all services, rights, and interests in which contracts for future delivery are presently or in the future dealt in .” Existing non-exchange traded financial “ commodity ” derivatives markets ( mostly “ interbank ” markets ) in foreign currencies, government securities, and other specified instruments were excluded from the CEA through the “ Treasury Amendment ”, to the extent transactions in such markets remained off a “ board of trade .” The expanded CEA, however, did not generally exclude financial derivatives.

These generally include pulmonary function tests ; blood tests to exclude HIV, autoimmune diseases, and liver disease ; electrocardiography ( ECG ); arterial blood gas measurements ; X-rays of the chest ( followed by high-resolution CT scanning if interstitial lung disease is suspected ); and ventilation-perfusion or V / Q scanning to exclude chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

The diagnosis cannot, however, be made on clinical grounds alone ; therefore medical imaging is generally required to confirm or exclude bleeding.

It generally does not have the particular connotations of radicalism that the word carries in the United States, though it does not exclude them either.

In the context of varying degrees of Communist orthodoxy in both countries during the period of Soviet domination of Eastern Europe, historical research into the Holocaust was politicised to varying degrees, and Marxist doctrines of class struggle were often overlaid onto generally received histories, which tended to exclude both acts of collaboration and indications of abiding antisemitism.

Financial analysts and stock market quotes will generally not include other types of liabilities, such as accounts payable, although some will make adjustments to include or exclude certain items from the formal financial statements.

Besides, Miss Henrietta -- as she was generally known since she had put up her hair with a chignon in the back -- had little time to spare them from her teaching and writing ; ;

It generally took well into the autumn for the firm to recover from the summer's help.

It would challenge sharply not the cult of the motor car itself but some of its ancillary beliefs and practices -- for instance, the doctrine that the fulfillment of life consists in proceeding from hither to yon, not for any advantage to be gained by arrival but merely to avoid the cardinal sin of stasis, or, as it is generally termed, staying put.

The deposit of rupees to the account of the Government of the United States of America in payment for the commodities and for ocean transportation costs financed by the Government of the United States of America ( except excess costs resulting from the requirement that United States flag vessels be used ) shall be made at the rate of exchange for United States dollars generally applicable to import transactions ( excluding imports granted a preferential rate ) in effect on the dates of dollar disbursement by United States banks, or by the Government of the United States of America, as provided in the purchase authorizations.

( We do, however, recommend those patented covers to prevent both people and junk -- flora and fauna generally -- from accidentally wintering in the pool.

Despite generally good levels of income, we see greater price pressures than ever before -- traveling back along the chain from consumer to distributor to manufacturer.

Advances in equipment and fabrication techniques give the sign or display manufacturer an extremely wide choice of production techniques, ranging from injection molding for intricate, smaller-size, mass-production signs ( generally 5000 units is the minimum ) to vacuum and pressure forming for larger signs of limited runs.

More generally, suppose that an experiment consists of a number of independent trials, that each trial results in either a `` success '' or a `` non-success '' ( `` failure '' ), and that the probability of success remains constant from trial to trial.

As the more conservative group with strong backing from wealthy businessmen, the U.M.C.I.A. was generally favored against the more progressive, labor-based U.N.F.P..

The bulk of the preparation had, of course, proceeded under the supervision of the Ministry of the Interior, whose officials are barred from party activity and probably generally disinterested in party politics.

Indeed, with developed positivism, the separation of law from justice, or from morality generally, became quite specific.

The respectability which money confers implies a different etiquette, and, upon taking up the life of a London gentleman, Pip must learn from Herbert Pocket that `` the spoon is not generally used over-hand, but under ''.

Closed molding generally resulted in parts weighing more ( because of higher density ) than parts fabricated from free-blown foams.

An electrostatic system suffers generally from image plane curvature leading to defocusing in the peripheral image region if a flat viewing screen ( or interstage coupler ) is utilized, while a magnetic system requires accurate adjustment of the solenoid, which is heavy and bulky.

he may also be the one who makes and bottles the best blends -- sound wines from vineyards generally in his own district.

Beer, generally fermented from barley, is an old alcoholic beverage.

There is no agreement on when and where this Urheimat existed, though the language is generally believed to have originated somewhere in or near the region stretching from the Levant / Near East to the area between the Eastern Sahara and the Horn of Africa, including Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan.

In practice, the estimates of treatment-effects from observational studies generally are often inconsistent.

It is a very traditional form of the language, probably derived from medieval deeds and documents, and has a very complicated structure and vocabulary which is generally reserved only for such documents.

The Aegean Islands are found within its waters, with the following islands delimiting the sea on the south ( generally from west to east ): Kythera, Antikythera, Crete, Kasos, Karpathos and Rhodes.

The alternative name for the family, Umbelliferae, derives from the inflorescence being generally in the form of a compound umbel.

British historians, apart from a few Marxists, were generally hostile.

The alphorn is carved from solid softwood, generally spruce but sometimes pine.

The first deposit on the wall of a cavity, forming the " skin " of the agate, is generally a dark greenish mineral substance, like celadonite, delessite or " green earth ", which are rich in iron probably derived from the decomposition of the augite in the enclosing volcanic rock.