German geographers, like Hermann Wagner ( 1840 – 1929 ), claimed that in other geographical journals explorer's maps were just copied instead of having them evaluated by cartographers first.

Late Arab geographers, despite having far more knowledge of Africa, also took the report at face value, and included the mountains in the same location given by Ptolemy.

In the geographers of the late Roman Republic and early Roman Empire, such as Ptolemy, Scythia stretches eastward from the mouth of the Vistula ; thus Pytheas must have described the Germanic coast of the Baltic sea ; if the statement is true, there are no other possibilities.

Many modern geographers no longer acknowledge the northern section, between the Dead Sea and the Sea of Galilee to be part of the Arabah, but in antiquity up to the early 20th century this full expanse of Rift Valley was all considered part of the Arabah.

He certainly did not sail across to Alaska, prove that there was no land bridge to the north or south or compare his knowledge to that of learned geographers.

The Shompen people were known to Ptolemy and Arab geographers, but there was no reliable information before the 19th century.

" With some of the clans of the Bisharin and possibly the Hadendoa, they represent the Blemmyes of classic geographers, and their location today is almost identical with that assigned them in Roman times.

Many historical geographers study geographical patterns through time, including how people have interacted with their environment, and created the cultural landscape.

During the 5 years of Italian rule over the whole Horn of Africa ( a colony in Eritrea was set by Rome in 1870 and Ethiopia occupied in 1936 ), Italian geographers accurately mapped the population of their colony and eventually referred to the Oromos preferably as Gallas in all the official maps as well as in a guide-book still available nowadays called " Guida all Africa Orientale Italiana " (" A Guide-Book to Italian Eastern Africa ").

Based on their experience of the Torrid Zone south of Egypt and Libya, the Greek geographers judged it uninhabitable.

Sixteenth century Icelanders realised that the " New World " which European geographers were calling " America " was the land described in their Vinland Sagas.

European geographers connected the coast of Tierra del Fuego with the coast of New Guinea on their globes and allowing their imaginations to run riot in the vast unknown spaces of the south Atlantic, south Indian and Pacific oceans.

According to the descriptions of Strabo, Dio Cassius and other Graeco-Roman geographers, the lands of Asturias were inhabited in the beginning of the Christian era by several peoples, amongst whom the more important were: From the Cantabrians, the Vadinienses, who inhabited the Picos de Europa region and whose settlement gradually expanded southward during the first centuries of the modern era ; the Orgenomesci, who dwelled along the Asturian eastern coast ; and from the Astures, the Saelini, whose settlement extended through the Sella valley ; the Luggones, who had their capital in Lucus Asturum and whose territories stretched between the rivers Sella and Nalón ; the Astures ( in the strictest sense ), who dwelled in inner Asturias, between the current councils of Piloña and Cangas del Narcea ; and the Paesici, who had settled along the coast of Western Asturias, between the mouth of the Navia river and the modern city of Gijón.

" Historians use legends as geographers do fabulous animals-to symbolize unknown countries in their maps "-quoted from Spanish Historiography and Iberian Reality by J. N. Hillgarth, History and Theory, Vol.

Economists and economic geographers differ in their methods in approaching similar economic problems in several ways.

By the 1940s, this emphasis had passed as geographers found that the difficulties associated with reconstructing the past were forbidding and at odds with their primary concern with the present world.

It is used by some geographers, both online and within their studies and teaching.

According to Soviet geographers, most of their country is located in the temperate zone, which for them included all of the European portion except the southern part of Crimea and the Caucasus, all of Siberia, the Soviet Far East, and the plains of Soviet Central Asia and the southern Kazakh Republic.

Beaufort represented the geographers, astronomers, oceanographers, geodesists, and meteorologists to that government agency, the Hydrographic Office, which could support their research.

Cultural ecology is in fact a conceptual arena that has, over the past six decades allowed sociologists, physicists, zoologists and geographers to enter common intellectual ground from the sidelines of their specialist subjects.

It served the same purpose as the later Roman itinerarium of road stops ; however, the Greek navigators added various notes, which if they were professional geographers ( as many were ) became part of their own additions to Greek geography.

Urban geographers seek to understand how factors interact over space, what function they serve and their interrelationships.

As explained by Sir Henry Yule, the editor of an English edition of Marco Polo ’ s Travels: “ Some geographers of the 16th century, following the old editions which carried the travellers south-east of Java to the land of Boeach ( or Locac ), introduced in their maps a continent in that situation ”.

According to Sir William Jones, " Meros is said by the Greeks to have been a mountain in India, on which their Dionysos was born, and that Meru, though it generally means the north pole in Indian geography, is also a mountain near the city of Naishada or Nysa, called by the Greek geographers Dionysopolis, and universally celebrated in the Sanskrit poems ".

He gave archaeologists, astronomers, botanists, geographers, geologists, meteorologists and zoologists from Sweden, Germany and China an opportunity to participate in the expedition and carry out research in their areas of specialty.

With the existence of lands out in the Atlantic Ocean confirmed, 14th century European geographers began plumbing the old legends and plotting and naming many of these mythical islands on their nautical charts, alongside the new discoveries.

Feminist geographers often focus on the lived experiences of individuals and groups in their own localities, upon the geographies that they live in within their own communities, rather than theoretical development without empirical work.

( The detachment and objectivity of the quantitative revolution was itself critiqued by radical geographers as being a tool of capital ).

Thus followed the line of Lomonosov and the contributions of the Russian school became more frequent through his disciples, and in the nineteenth century we have great geographers as Vasily Dokuchaev who performed works of great importance as a " principle of comprehensive analysis of the territory " and " Russian Chernozem " latter being the most important where introduces the geographical concept of soil, as distinct from a simple geological strata, and thus founding a new geographic area of study: the Pedology.

From this negligence it happened that in Cândido Mendes de Almeida's Atlas of the Empire of Brazil ( 1868 ), a model of its time, the Acre River and its principal tributaries did not appear, being completely unknown to geographers.

Some local geographers classify Travis as being on the island's West Shore, while others reckon it as a Mid-Island neighborhood.

Europe is now generally defined by geographers as the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, with its boundaries marked by large bodies of water to the north, west and south ; Europe's limits to the far east are usually taken to be the Urals, the Ural River, and the Caspian Sea ; to the south-east, including the Caucasus Mountains, the Black Sea and the waterways connecting the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea.

This explanation is generally accepted, although some geographers disagree ..

As a whole, the range between Costa Rica and the canal is generally referred to by Panamanian geographers as the Cordillera Central.

Medieval Muslim geographers spent a great amount of time debating the exact boundaries between Hejaz and Nejd in particular, but generally set the western boundaries of Nejd to be wherever the western mountain ranges and lava beds began to slope eastwards, and set the eastern boundaries of Nejd at the narrow strip of red sand dunes known as the Ad-Dahna Desert, some east of modern-day Riyadh.

Most geographers divide the vast Soviet territory into five natural zones that generally extend from west to east: the tundra zone ; the taiga or forest zone ; the steppe or plains zone ; the arid zone ; and the mountain zone.

The name " Scandia " was therefore after Ptolemy generally associated with the southern part of Scandinavian peninsula by the early Roman geographers, who thought of Scandinavia as an island.

The border between Asia and Libya was generally considered to be the Nile river, but some geographers, such as Herodotus objected to this.

The Po river is first certainly identified in the Graeco-Roman historians and geographers of the late Roman Republic and the early Roman Empire, long after the valley had been occupied successively by prehistoric and historic peoples: Ligures, Etruscans, Celts, Veneti, Umbri, and Romans.

Roman geographers identified two tribes in the territory now known as Biscay: the Caristii and Autrigones.

A 2007 study of Florida's regions by geographers Ary Lamme and Raymond K. Oldakowski found that Floridians surveyed identified Central Florida as comprising a large swath of peninsular Florida.

The site of Motya, on which earlier geographers were in much doubt, has been clearly identified and described by William Henry Smyth.