Some adaptations of the Latin alphabet are augmented with ligatures, such as æ in Old English and Icelandic and Ȣ in Algonquian ; by borrowings from other alphabets, such as the thorn þ in Old English and Icelandic, which came from the Futhark runes ; and by modifying existing letters, such as the eth ð of Old English and Icelandic, which is a modified d. Other alphabets only use a subset of the Latin alphabet, such as Hawaiian, and Italian, which uses the letters j, k, x, y and w only in foreign words.

After years of working on numerous films as an assistant director and scriptwriter, he made his debut as a director in 1943, during World War II with the popular action film Sanshiro Sugata ( a. k. a. Judo Saga ).

All of these define the relative numbers of particles in a system as decreasing exponential functions of energy ( at the particle level ) over kT, with k representing the Boltzmann constant and T representing the temperature observed at the macroscopic level.

More generally, in a k-dimensional array, the address of an element with indices i < sub > 1 </ sub >, i < sub > 2 </ sub >, …, i < sub > k </ sub > is

asymptotically distributed as with k degrees of freedom.

Considerable confusion exists about the meanings of the SI ( or metric ) prefixes used with the unit byte, especially concerning prefixes such as kilo ( k or K ) and mega ( M ) as shown in the chart Prefixes for bit and byte.

( Note that K is the SI unit for temperature ( kelvin ) and should not be confused with k, the SI prefix for kilo.

The properties of binomial coefficients have led to extending the meaning of the symbol beyond the basic case where n and k are nonnegative integers with ; such expressions are then still called binomial coefficients.

This number can be seen as equal to the one of the first definition, independently of any of the formulas below to compute it: if in each of the n factors of the power one temporarily labels the term X with an index i ( running from 1 to n ), then each subset of k indices gives after expansion a contribution X < sup > k </ sup >, and the coefficient of that monomial in the result will be the number of such subsets.

with k factors in both the numerator and denominator of the fraction.

The questions range from counting ( e. g., the number of graphs on n vertices with k edges ) to structural ( e. g., which graphs contain Hamiltonian cycles ) to algebraic questions ( e. g., given a graph G and two numbers x and y, does the Tutte polynomial T < sub > G </ sub >( x, y ) have a combinatorial interpretation ?).

Combinations can refer to the combination of n things taken k at a time without or with repetitions.

The most prominent examples with philosophical merit are Sanlun, Tiantai, Huayan, and Chán ( a. k. a. Zen ).

This requires a term of the form for some k. In the above equation, the correct k varies with h. Set and the right hand side becomes.

That is a non-deterministic Turing machine with a tape of only kn cells, where n is the size of the input and k is a constant associated with the machine.

In mathematics, a contraction mapping, or contraction, on a metric space ( M, d ) is a function f from M to itself, with the property that there is some nonnegative real number < math > k < 1 </ math > such that for all x and y in M,

The T-number is calculated by ( 1 ) applying a grid to the surface of the virus with coordinates h and k, ( 2 ) counting the number of steps between successive pentagons on the virus surface, ( 3 ) applying the formula:

There are a few coincidental identities between cirth and runic letters, i with runic ᛁ, k with Younger Futhark ᚴ and ch with the Futhorc ᚳ ; p is furthermore reminiscent of Latin P ( runic ᚹ w ).

Impurity distribution in the condensate is described by known equations of zone recrystallization with various numbers of iteration of process – with replacement distribution efficient k of crystallization on separation factor α of distillation.

Algeria has always been a source of inspiration for different painters who tried to immortalize the prodigious diversity of the sites it offers and the profusion of the facets that passes its population, which offers for Orientalists between the 19 < sup > th </ sup > century and the 20 < sup > th </ sup > century, a striking inspiration for a very rich artistic creation like Eugène Delacroix with his famous painting women of Algiers in their apartment or Etienne Dinet or other painters of world fame like Pablo Picasso with his painting women of Algiers, or painters issued from the Algiers school.

In practical terms, the ampere is a measure of the amount of electric charge passing a point in an electric circuit per unit time with 6. 241 × 10 < sup > 18 </ sup > electrons, or one coulomb per second constituting one ampere.

Antimony is stable in air at room temperature, but reacts with oxygen if heated to form antimony trioxide, Sb < sub > 2 </ sub > O < sub > 3 </ sub >.

Antimony exists as two stable isotopes, < sup > 121 </ sup > Sb with a natural abundance of 57. 36 % and < sup > 123 </ sup > Sb with a natural abundance of 42. 64 %.

It also has 35 radioisotopes, of which the longest-lived is < sup > 125 </ sup > Sb with a half-life of 2. 75 years.

The most stable of these is < sup > 124 </ sup > Sb with a half-life of 60. 20 days, which has an application in some neutron sources.

Isotopes that are lighter than the stable < sup > 123 </ sup > Sb tend to decay by β < sup >+</ sup > decay, and those that are heavier tend to decay by β < sup >-</ sup > decay, with some exceptions.

Actinium is found only in traces in uranium ores as the isotope < sup > 227 </ sup > Ac, which decays with a half-life of 21. 772 years, predominantly emitting beta particles.

As with most lanthanides and actinides, actinium exists in the oxidation state + 3, and the Ac < sup > 3 +</ sup > ions are colorless in solutions.

Several unusual applications, such as a nuclear battery or fuel for space ships with nuclear propulsion, have been proposed for the isotope < sup > 242m </ sup > Am, but they are as yet hindered by the scarcity and high price of this nuclear isomer.

These states are labeled by a set of quantum numbers summarized in the term symbol and usually associated with particular electron configurations, i. e., by occupation schemes of atomic orbitals ( e. g., 1s < sup > 2 </ sup > 2s < sup > 2 </ sup > 2p < sup > 6 </ sup > for the ground state of neon -- term symbol: < sup > 1 </ sup > S < sub > 0 </ sub >).

Amino acids (,, or ) are biologically important molecules made from amine (- NH < sub > 2 </ sub >) and carboxylic acid (- COOH ) functional groups, along with a side-chain specific to each amino acid.

Cysteine also has potentially negative side-chain with pKa < sub > R </ sub >

An equivalent definition is the radius of an unperturbed circular Newtonian orbit about the Sun of a particle having infinitesimal mass, moving with an angular frequency of radians per day ; or that length such that, when used to describe the positions of the objects in the Solar System, the heliocentric gravitational constant ( the product GM < sub >☉</ sub >) is equal to ()< sup > 2 </ sup > AU < sup > 3 </ sup >/ d < sup > 2 </ sup >.

In the IERS numerical standards, the speed of light in a vacuum is defined as c < sub > 0 </ sub > = in a vacuum, in accordance with the SI units.

In the < tt > SubBytes </ tt > step, each byte in the state is replaced with its entry in a fixed 8-bit lookup table, S ; b < sub > ij </ sub > = S ( a < sub > ij </ sub >).

Benzene, C < sub > 6 </ sub > H < sub > 6 </ sub >, is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon and was recognized as the first aromatic hydrocarbon, with the nature of its bonding first being recognized by Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz in the 19th century.

Amethyst is a purple variety of quartz ( SiO < sub > 2 </ sub >) and owes its violet color to irradiation, iron impurities ( in some cases in conjunction with transition element impurities ), and the presence of trace elements, which result in complex crystal lattice substitutions.

An amide is a compound with the functional group R < sub > n </ sub > E ( O )< sub > x </ sub > NR '< sub > 2 </ sub > ( R and R ' refer to H or organic groups ).

Sitting at an important geostrategic location that connects the Middle East culture with Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent ,< ref name = BBC-country-profile >

During the Romantic period, art came to be seen as " a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and science ".< ref >

He was also affiliated with Andre Harrell's Uptown Records as he was featured on the label posse cut " Uptown is Kickin ' it " as well as producing for Uptown Artist and friend Heavy-D and the Boyz The next year, Marl also recorded a diss response to " Roxanne Roxanne " by UTFO, with female emcee Roxanne Shanté.

Nas responded with a diss track called " Ether " and almost instantly, Jay-Z added a verse to " Takeover " which dissed Nas and would start a feud between the two rappers.

Because Wyclef produced the majority of the tracks on Can-I-Bus, Williams blamed him for the general dissatisfaction with Can-I-Bus and cut ties with him, going as far as to diss Wyclef, most notably on the title track of his second album (" You mad at the last album?

He struck back with the diss " Beware " which was on his sophomore effort Mind of Mystikal.

Charlemagne later during the day responded to song with multiple tweets aimed at Cannon and plans to retailiate to with a diss song of his own responding to Cannon.

Both rappers released " diss " songs with videos on YouTube.

It is also speculated that Jaz-O supplied Nas with some of the information he used in his Jay-Z diss track " Ether ".

After the situation with Nas cooled down, Jay-Z went on to diss Jaz first on a track released by DJ Kay Slay featuring Freeway, Geda K, Young Chris, and Memphis Bleek Called " Fuck Jaz-O AKA Jaz Ho " and later on his album The Blueprint 2: The Gift & The Curse.

He put a diss song out about DJ Paul and Juicy J on an Atlanta radio station ; after the incident DJ Paul & Juicy J called him out to come to a show, he didn't but then appeared unexpectedly at another in Atlanta ; Now T-Rock & Lord Infamous are collaborating and have released various projects with each other.

D12, in turn, responded with the song " Instigator ", dissing Natas, while Proof made 2 diss tracks aimed specifically at Esham, " Every Sucker Has A Moment " and " Uh Huh ", though the latter was not released.

Proof later released another diss with The Purple Gang called " Beef Is Ova ".

Royce responded with his third diss track, which was recorded over 50 Cent's " In Da Club " instrumental titled " Death Day ".

During the time Eminem and Mr. Porter started recording Recovery the rest of D12 were featured on a diss song towards Eminem with rapper Canibus, who had already had a feud with Eminem off his new record Melatonin Magik which was called " Air Strike ( Pop Killer )".

Tha Dogg Pound made a diss towards The Bone Thugs, on the song " Dogg Pound Gangstaz ", with Kurupt's line " Ain't got no love for no hoes in harmony.

When young black people mouth 1960s ' black nationalist rhetoric, don Kente cloth, gold medallions, dread their hair, and diss the white folks they hang out with, they expose the way meaningless commodification strips these signs of political integrity and meaning, denying the possibility that they can serve as a catalyst for concrete political action.

It was not until Benzino dissed Eminem again with " Pull Up Your Skirt ", that Eminem responded with two blistering diss tracks, first " The Sauce " and then " Nail in the Coffin ".

Being from Philadelphia, Beanie Sigel took offense and came with a diss freestyle over Jadakiss's single " Put Ya Hands Up ".

Jadakiss responded with a diss freestyle of his own.

After the performance at Summer Jam, Game responded with a song titled " 300 Bars and Runnin '", an extended " diss " aimed at G-Unit as well as members of Roc-A-Fella Records on the mixtape You Know What It Is Vol.