* Homer, Iliad XVIII, 78-87 ;

Though she does not appear among the lists of nereids in Iliad XVIII or Bibliotheke 1. 2. 7, such an ancient island nymph in other contexts might gain any of various Olympian parentages: she was thought of as a daughter of Poseidon with any of several primordial sea-goddesses — with whom she might be identified herself — notably Halia or Amphitrite.

In Book XVIII of the Iliad, Polydamas advises the Trojans to retire from the battlefield after the death of Patroclus.

One of the greatest Homerists of our time, Frederick M. Combellack, argues that when it is assumed The Iliad and The Odyssey are oral poems, the postulated single redactor called Homer cannot be either credited with or denied originality in choice of phrasing.

In the Iliad, when Diomedes injured Aeneas, Apollo rescued him.

In Homer's Iliad, when Alcmene was about to give birth to Heracles, Zeus announced to all the gods that on that day a child, descended from Zeus himself, would be born who would rule all those around him.

Ares was one of the Twelve Olympians in the archaic tradition represented by the Iliad and Odyssey, but Zeus expresses a recurring Greek revulsion toward the god when Ares returns wounded and complaining from the battlefield at Troy:

Albrecht Altdorfer's depiction of the moment in 333 BC when Alexander the Great routed Darius III for supremacy in Asia Minor is vast in ambition, sweeping in scope, vivid in imagery, rich in symbols, and obviously heroic — the Iliad of painting, as literary critic Friedrich Schlegel suggested In the painting, a swarming cast of thousands of soldiers surround the central action: Alexander on his white steed, leading two rows of charging cavalrymen, dashes after a fleeing Darius, who looks anxiously over his shoulder from a chariot.

In the Iliad when Zeus sends Apollo to revive the wounded Hector of Troy, Apollo, holding the aegis, charges the Achaeans, pushing them back to their ships drawn up on the shore.

In the Iliad she came to blows with Hera, when the divine allies of the Greeks and Trojans engaged each other in conflict.

According to a single reference in the Iliad, when the world was divided by lot in three, Zeus received the sky, Hades the underworld and Poseidon the sea.

Also in the Iliad, when the River Scamander, indignant at the sight of so many corpses in his water, overflows and threatens to drown Achilles, the latter grasps a branch of a great elm in an attempt to save himself (« ὁ δὲ πτελέην ἕλε χερσὶν εὐφυέα μεγάλην ».

According to a legend, when Phidias was asked what inspired him — whether he climbed Mount Olympus to see Zeus, or whether Zeus came down from Olympus so that Pheidias could see him — the artist answered that he portrayed Zeus according to Book One, verses 528 – 530 of Homer's Iliad:

It is unknown exactly when and how the Mausoleum came to ruin, but according to Eustathius in the 12th century on his commentary of the Iliad, " it was and is a wonder ".

Themis is not wrathful: she, " of the lovely cheeks ", was the first to offer Hera a cup when she returned to Olympus distraught over threats from Zeus ( Iliad xv.

In the Iliad, it is told how, when Patroclus was killed in battle, Xanthus and Balius stood motionless on the field of battle, and wept.

According to Book 1 of the Iliad, when Agamemnon was compelled by Apollo to give up his own woman, Chryseis, he demanded Briseis as compensation.

During the Trojan War ( prior to the actions described in Homer's Iliad ), Agamemnon took Chryses ' daughter Chryseis ( Astynome ) from Moesia as a war prize and when Chryses attempted to ransom her, refused to return her.

For ancient Greeks, the island was sacred to Hephaestus, god of metallurgy, who — as he tells himself in Iliad I. 590ff — fell on Lemnos when Zeus hurled him headlong out of Olympus.

According to one story, found in the Iliad, he was accidentally killed in his old age by Heracles ' son Tlepolemus, when the latter was beating his servant with a stick and Licymnius ran in between ( or else Tlepolemus and Licymnius had a quarrel over a certain matter ).

In Homer's Iliad, Podarces and Protesilaus were former suitors of Helen, and therefore bound to defend the marriage rights of Menelaus, her husband, when Helen was kidnapped by Paris.

It happened right at the beginning of the campaign in Asia, when Alexander led a contingent of the army to visit Troy, scene of the events in his beloved Iliad.

In one of the commentary sequences, the film's writer, David Benioff, said that when it came to deciding whether to follow Iliad or do what was best for the film, they always decided with what was best for the film.

Ekphrasis may be encountered as early as the days of Aphthonius ' Progymnasmata, his textbook of style, in Virgil's Aeneid when he describes what Aeneas sees engraved on the doors of Carthage's temple of Juno, or Homer's going to great lengths in the Iliad, Book 18, describing the Shield of Achilles, exactly how Hephaestus made it as well as its completed shape.

However, when she came across a painting depicting the parting of Hector from Andromache in the Iliad, she burst into tears.

Some major acquisitions of complete libraries were the manuscripts of the Benedictine monastery of Bobbio ( 1606 ) and the library of the Paduan Vincenzo Pinelli, whose more than 800 manuscripts filled 70 cases when they were sent to Milan and included the famous Iliad, the Ilia Picta.

The reference to Phthia is itself a reference to Homer's Iliad ( ix. 363 ), when Achilles, upset at having his war-prize, Briseis, taken by Agamemnon, rejects Agamemnon's conciliatory presents and threatens to set sail in the morning ; he says that with good weather he might arrive on the third day " in fertile Phthia " — his home.

Laura Slatkin explores the apparent contradiction, in that the immediate presentation of Thetis in the Iliad is as a helpless minor goddess overcome by grief and lamenting to her Nereid sisters, and links the goddess's present and past through her grief.

When Hephaestus was thrown from Olympus, whether cast out by Hera for his lameness or evicted by Zeus for taking Hera's side, the Oceanid Eurynome and the Nereid Thetis caught him and cared for him on the volcanic isle of Lemnos, while he labored for them as a smith, " working there in the hollow of the cave, and the stream of Okeanos around us went on forever with its foam and its murmur " ( Iliad 18. 369 ).

Thetis is not successful in her role protecting and nurturing a hero ( the theme of kourotrophos ), but her role in succouring deities is emphatically repeated by Homer, in three Iliad episodes: as well as her rescue of Zeus ( 1. 396ff ) and Hephaestus ( 18. 369 )

There, he was cared for by the Sinties, according to Iliad or by Thetis ( Apollodorus, Bibliotheke I: 3. 5 ), and there with a Thracian nymph Cabiro ( a daughter of Proteus ) he fathered a tribe called the Kaberoi.

Oceanus and Tethys are the father and mother of the gods in the Iliad, while in the seventh century BC the Spartan poet Alcman made the sea-nymph Thetis a demiurge-figure.

Although the sea-nymph Thetis appears only at the beginning and end of the Iliad, being absent for much of the middle, she is a surprisingly powerful and nearly omniscient figure when she is present.

* In Iliad 9. 165-93 three characters, Phoinix, Odysseus, and Aias set out on an embassy to Achilleus ; however, at line 182 the poet uses a verb in the dual form to indicate that there are only two people going ; at lines 185ff.

Most scholars agree that the Iliad and Odyssey underwent a process of standardisation and refinement out of older material beginning in the 8th century BC.

In the alternative account of the origin of Typhon ( Typhoeus ), the Homeric Hymn to Apollo makes the monster Typhaon at Delphi a son of archaic Hera in her Minoan form, produced out of herself, like a monstrous version of Hephaestus or Mars, and whelped in a cave in Cilicia and confined there in the enigmatic Arima, or land of the Arimoi, en Arimois ( Iliad, ii.

In the Iliad he was wounded and put out of action by Paris.

Walter Burkert points out, " When in the Iliad Zeus calls the gods into assembly on Mount Olympus, it is not only the well-known Olympians who come along, but also all the nymphs and all the rivers ; Okeanos alone remains at his station ", Greek hearers recognized this impossibility as the poet's hyperbole, which proclaimed the universal power of Zeus over the ancient natural world: " the worship of these deities ," Burkert confirms, " is limited only by the fact that they are inseparably identified with a specific locality.

He is not mentioned elsewhere in the Iliad, but it seems that in the lost Aethiopis, Achilles eventually killed him " for having torn out the eyes of the Amazon Penthesilea that the hero had just killed in combat.

Homer's brief description in the Iliad is the earliest surviving literary reference: " a thing of immortal make, not human, lion-fronted and snake behind, a goat in the middle, and snorting out the breath of the terrible flame of bright fire ".

In that year too he brought out his translation of Homer's Iliad, dedicated to his royal patron.

Roger Ebert, who disliked what he saw as an unfaithful adaptation of the Iliad, gave it two stars out of four.

The Ephebians escape the city while Tsort burns, and Lavaeolus and his army set out for home, with Lavaeolus complaining about voyages by sea ( further reference to the Iliad and subsequent Odyssey ).

In 1715 he brought out a translation of the first book of the Iliad contemporaneously with Alexander Pope's version.

As a result, only one tragedy is made out of the Iliad and the Odyssey, but many from the Cypria many, and from the Little Iliad more than eight ...

However, he says that Charles Johnston's translation of Aleksandr Pushkin's Eugene Onegin, Richard Wilbur's translation of Molière's Tartuffe and Robert Fitzgerald's translation of the Iliad have helped him enter worlds without which would have been out of his reach.

The Dionysiaca appears to be incomplete, and some scholars believe that a 49th book was being planned when Nonnus stopped work on the poem, although others point out that the number of books in the Dionysiaca is the same as the 48 books of the Iliad and Odyssey combined.

Any reading of the Kypria will show it preparing for events for ( specifically ) the Iliad in order to refer back to them, for instance the sale of Lykaon to Lemnos or the kitting out of Achilles with Briseis and Agamemnon with Chryseis ".

Homer saw bees as wild, never tame, as when the Achaeans issued forth from their ship encampment " like buzzing swarms of bees that come out in relays from a hollow rock " ( Iliad, book II ).