Alexios I Komnenos, Latinized as Alexius I Comnenus (, 1056 – 15 August 1118 — note that some sources list his date of birth as 1048 ), was Byzantine emperor from 1081 to 1118, and although he was not the founder of the Komnenian dynasty, it was during his reign that the Komnenos family came to full power.

Out of the Samanid dynasty came the Ghaznavids, whose warriors forged the first great Islamic empire from Ghazni ( Afghanistan ) that spanned much of the Iranian plateau, Central Asia and conducted many successful raids into India.

However, the Hotaki dynasty came to a complete end in 1738 after being toppled by the Afsharids who were led by Nader Shah of Khorasan.

With Hugh's coronation, a new era began for France, and his descendants came to be named the Capetians, with the Capetian dynasty ruling France for more than 800 years ( 987 – 1848, with some interruptions ).

On 9 June 68, amidst growing opposition of the Senate and the army, Nero committed suicide, and with him the Julio-Claudian dynasty came to an end.

After the Shehab dynasty converted to Christianity, the Druze community and feudal leaders came under attack from the regime with the collaboration of the Catholic Church, and the Druze lost most of their political and feudal powers.

The Holy Roman Empire, which was an Elective monarchy, came to be dominated by the Habsburg dynasty, who would turn it into a hereditary position in all but name.

With his death, the Julio-Claudian dynasty came to an end.

The Merovingians were a Salian Frankish dynasty that came to rule the Franks in a region known as Francia in Latin, largely corresponding to ancient Gaul, for 300 years from the middle of the 5th century.

Raghava Deva is said to have founded a ruling dynasty in 879 AD, when the Lichhavi rule came to an end.

As the Kirat dynasty came to an end in the valley, parts still remained in the eastern mountains where they are considered to be the forefathers of today.

Smoking of opium came on the heels of tobacco smoking and may have been encouraged by a brief ban on the smoking of tobacco by the Ming emperor, ending in 1644 with the Qing dynasty, which had encouraged smokers to mix in increasing amounts of opium.

Perhaps one of the first ideological movements towards privatization came during China's golden age of the Han dynasty.

But archaeology findings so far showed that Han dynasty armies were generally using straight single-edged blades, and curved-blades didn't came along until centuries later.

At this early time also, from the south came the influence of scholars under the Pāla dynasty in the Indian state of Magadha.

The third dynasty was established when the king Ur-Nammu came to power, ruling between ca.

The following ( and current ) Moroccan dynasty, the Alaouite Dynasty which came to power in 1659, appears to have continued to exercise some degree of sovereignty over the modern Western Sahara, although the slow collapse of central authority through the 19th century, which ended in European colonial rule, no doubt attenuated that.

This variation might suggest the early rulers came from a hybrid Anglo-British dynasty or that the rule of early Wessex shifted between more than one royal clan, but this is conjecture.

In 802 the fortunes of Wessex were transformed by the accession of Egbert who came from a cadet branch of the ruling dynasty that claimed descent from Ine's brother Ingild.

Later in the century the Julio-Claudian dynasty, which had been founded by Augustus came to an end with the death of Nero in 68.

The Perseid dynasty came to an end.

When Agha Mohammad Khan, the founder of the Qajar dynasty, eventually came to power, he wreaked his revenge on Shiraz by destroying the city's fortifications and moving the national capital to Tehran.

Shortly after, the Komnenos dynasty came into succession and halted the decline of the empire.

The kingdom came under many rulers: the Habsburg dynasties of both Spain and Austria ; the Franco-Spanish Bourbon dynasty which created the Kingdom of Two Sicilies, Napoleon's brother Joseph Bonaparte, and then French Marshal Joachim Murat, who was executed in the small town of Pizzo.

The native dynasty came to an end, but the city continued to flourish.

The last scion of the dynasty, Perseus of Macedon, who reigned between 179-168 BC, proved unable to stop the advancing Roman legions and Macedon's defeat at the Battle of Pydna signaled the end of the dynasty.

It was the first dynasty to embrace the philosophy of Confucianism, which became the ideological underpinning of all regimes until the end of imperial China.

In AD 9, the usurper Wang Mang claimed that the Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the Han dynasty and the rise of his own, and he founded the short-lived Xin (" New ") Dynasty.

The Treatise on Cold Damage Disorders and Miscellaneous Illnesses was collated by Zhang Zhongjing sometime between 196 and 220 CE, at the end of the Han dynasty.

* Feudal society-semicolonial era-First Opium War to end of Qing dynasty

The Arian influence grew so strong during his tenure in the Imperial court that it wasn't until the end of the Constantinian dynasty and the appointment of Theodosius I that Arianism lost its influence in the Empire.

Medieval German literature refers to literature written in Germany, stretching from the Carolingian dynasty ; various dates have been given for the end of the German literary Middle Ages, the Reformation ( 1517 ) being the last possible cut-off point.

This only changed after the end of the Salian dynasty in the 12th century.

During the Han dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing, who was mayor of Changsha near the end of the 2nd century AD, wrote a Treatise on Cold Damage, which contains the earliest known reference to the Neijing Suwen.

Jayasthiti Malla, with whom commences the later Malla dynasty of the Kathmandu Valley, began to reign at the end of the 14th century.

By the end of the 5th dynasty, the formula in all tombs becomes " An offering the king gives and Osiris ".

Ji ( Chinese: 戟 ), the Chinese halberd, was used as a military weapon in one form or another from at least as early as the Shang dynasty until the end of the Qing dynasty.

The Kumul Khanate, which was incorporated into the Qing empire as a vassal after helping Qing defeat the Zunghars in 1757, maintained its status after Xinjiang turned into a province through the end of the dynasty in the Xinhai Revolution up until 1930.

During the Tang dynasty, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang promoted large-scale tug of war games, using ropes of up to 167 meters with shorter ropes attached and more than 500 people on each end of the rope.

Richard's death at Bosworth resulted in the end of the Plantagenet dynasty, which had ruled England since the succession of Henry II in 1154.

By marrying Richard III's niece, Elizabeth of York, Henry VII successfully bolstered his own disputed claim to the throne, whilst moving to end the Wars of the Roses by presenting England with a new dynasty, of both Lancastrian and Yorkist descent.

Also, without an heir, the Tudor dynasty would end ; the risk of civil war between rival claimants was a possibility if Elizabeth died childless.

During the Konbaung dynasty, solid gold images of deceased kings and their consorts were worshiped three times a year by the royal family, during the Burmese New Year ( Thingyan ), at the beginning and at the end of the Buddhist lent.