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The metaphysical " philosophy " is called " perennial " because of its eternity, universality, and immutability ; it is Augustine's " Wisdom uncreate, the same now as it ever was and ever will be "; the religion which, as he also says, only came to be called " Christianity " after the coming of Christ (…) and so long as the tradition is transmitted without deviation (…)
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metaphysical and philosophy
For some forms of philosophy, this very division between the empirical and the rational becomes a sign of the metaphysical superiority of the latter.
The mystification of metaphysical systems does not imply the demise of philosophy, only the close of a philosophic age which demanded metaphysics to be rational and logical.
In philosophy, phenomenology has largely been devoted to fundamental metaphysical questions, such as the nature of intentionality (" aboutness ").
But the most noticeable of his productions is A Discourse of Wit ( 1685 ), which contains some of the most characteristic metaphysical opinions of the Scottish philosophy of common sense.
According to the famous Theses on Feuerbach ( 1845 ), philosophy had to stop " interpreting " the world in endless metaphysical debates, in order to start " changing " the world, as was being done by the rising workers ' movement observed by Engels in England ( Chartist movement ) and by Marx in France and Germany.
Unlike the positivists, he did not claim that metaphysical statements must be meaningless ; he also claimed that a statement which was " metaphysical " and unfalsifiable in one century ( like the ancient Greek philosophy about atoms ) could, in another century, be developed into falsifiable theories that have the metaphysical views as a consequence, and thus become scientific.
Although the word " metaphysics " goes back to Aristotelean philosophy, Aristotle himself credited earlier philosophers with dealing with metaphysical questions.
Since the beginning of modern philosophy during the seventeenth century, problems that were not originally considered within the bounds of metaphysics have been added to its purview, while other problems considered metaphysical for centuries are now typically subjects of their own separate regions in philosophy, such as philosophy of religion, philosophy of mind, philosophy of perception, philosophy of language, and philosophy of science.
Also related to materialism are the ideas of methodological naturalism ( i. e. " let's at least do science as though physicalism is true ") and metaphysical naturalism ( i. e. " philosophy and science should operate according to the physical world, and that's all that exists ").
Nominalism is a metaphysical view in philosophy according to which general or abstract terms and predicates exist, while universals or abstract objects, which are sometimes thought to correspond to these terms, do not exist.
Neutral monism, in philosophy, is the metaphysical view that the mental and the physical are two ways of organizing or describing the same elements, which are themselves " neutral ," that is, neither physical nor mental.
Process theology or process thought is a school of thought influenced by the metaphysical process philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead ( 1861 – 1947 ) and further developed by Charles Hartshorne ( 1897 – 2000 ).
Process philosophy ( or ontology of becoming ) identifies metaphysical reality with change and development.
Within the context of traditional Chinese philosophy and religion, Tao is a metaphysical concept originating with Laozi that gave rise to a religion ( Wade – Giles, Tao Chiao ; Pinyin, Daojiao ) and philosophy ( Wade – Giles, Tao chia ; Pinyin, Daojia ) referred to in English with the single term Taoism.
Because thought underlies almost all human actions and interactions, understanding its physical and metaphysical origins, processes, and effects has been a longstanding goal of many academic disciplines including, among others, biology, philosophy, psychology, and sociology.
Whitehead's metaphysical views, which he called process philosophy emerged in The Concept of Nature ( 1920 ) and were expanded in Science and the Modern World ( 1925 ), also an important study in the history of ideas and the role of science and mathematics in the rise of Western civilization.
metaphysical and is
As Lipton puts it: `` The Eros is felt in the magic circle of marijuana with far greater force, as a unifying principle in human relationships, than at any other time except, perhaps, in the mutual metaphysical orgasms.
The magic circle is, in fact, a symbol of and preparation for the metaphysical orgasm ''.
Moreover its posture of stubborn but simple resistance is doomed to failure because of the metaphysical weakness of the existent form of order, once the activation of change has reached visible proportions.
While it is easy enough to ridicule Hawkins' pronouncement in Pleas Of The Crown from a metaphysical point of view, the concept of the `` oneness '' of a married couple may reflect an abiding belief that the communion between husband and wife is such that their actions are not always to be regarded by the criminal law as if there were no marriage.
It is simply revealing the state to which metaphysical thinking has fallen during this century.
The tenacity with which present metaphysical attitudes fetishize private intuition offers the strongest evidence that the gulf between scientific and delphic ways of philosophizing is built into the present conflict over the limits and purpose of science, religion and ideology.
If the fourth dimension is a physical concept and not purely metaphysical, through what medium does it extend??
Agnosticism is the view that the truth values of certain claims — especially claims about the existence or non-existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims — are unknown and ( so far as can be judged ) unknowable.
A further approach, elaborated by André Malraux in works such as The Voices of Silence, is that art is fundamentally a response to a metaphysical question (' Art ', he writes, ' is an ' anti-destiny ').
That is, when one sees these things for what they are, the idea of forming positions on such metaphysical questions simply does not occ.
Dependent arising provides a framework for analysis of reality that is not based on metaphysical assumptions regarding existence or non-existence, but instead on imagining direct cognition of phenomena as they are presented to the mind.
It held that empty space is a metaphysical impossibility because space is nothing other than the extension of matter, or, in other words, that when one speaks of the space between things one is actually making reference to the relationship that exists between those things and not to some entity that stands between them.
Consubstantiation is a theological doctrine that ( like Transubstantiation ) attempts to describe the nature of the Christian Eucharist in concrete metaphysical terms.
Kant, by contrast, pushed the employment of a priori metaphysical claims as requisite, for if anything is to be said to be knowable, it would have to be established upon abstractions distinct from perceivable phenomena.
Dianetics is a set of ideas and practices regarding the metaphysical relationship between the mind and body which was created by L. Ron Hubbard and is practiced by followers of Scientology.
The term ' dualism ' was originally coined to denote co-eternal binary opposition, a meaning that is preserved in metaphysical and philosophical duality discourse but has been diluted in general or common usages .— which is also uncreated — is an absolute one.
metaphysical and called
Early Buddhist philosophers and exegetes of the Sarvāstivādins created a pluralist metaphysical and phenomenological system, in which all experiences of people, things and events can be broken down into smaller and smaller perceptual or perceptual-ontological units called " dharmas ".
In the metaphysics of the " New Age Prophetess ", Alice Bailey, in her system called the Seven Rays which classifies humans into seven different metaphysical psychological types, the " third ray " of " creative intelligence " is represented by the color green.
* The " New Age Prophetess ", Alice A. Bailey, in her system called the Seven Rays which classifies humans into seven different metaphysical psychological types, the " second ray " of " Love-Wisdom " is represented by the color indigo.
Ian Hacking has also argued that much of what is called social constructionism of science in contemporary times is actually motivated by an unstated nominalist metaphysical view.
To achieve this, he employs a method called hyperbolical / metaphysical doubt, also sometimes referred to as methodological skepticism: he rejects any ideas that can be doubted, and then reestablishes them in order to acquire a firm foundation for genuine knowledge.
* The " New Age Prophetess ", Alice Bailey, in her system called the Seven Rays which classifies humans into seven different metaphysical psychological types, the " seventh ray " of " Ceremonial Order " is represented by the color violet.
* The " New Age Prophetess ", Alice Bailey, in her system called the Seven Rays which classifies humans into seven different metaphysical psychological types, the " fifth ray " of " Concrete Science " is represented by the colour orange.
C. S. Lewis called him ‘ the father of the Drab Age ’ ( i. e. the unornate ), from what Lewis calls the ' golden ' age of the 16th century, while others see his love poetry, with its complex use of literary conceits, as anticipating that of the metaphysical poets in the next century.
These Platonic and Aristotelian arguments ran counter to those presented earlier by Democritus and later by Lucretius, both of whom were supporters of what is now often called metaphysical naturalism, or accidentalism:
The new millennium that Rome entered was called the Saeculum Novum, a term that got a metaphysical connotation in Christianity, referring to the worldly age ( hence ' secular ').
Mount Meru (), also called Sumeru i. e. the " Excellent Meru " and Mahameru i. e. " Great Meru ", is a sacred mountain in Jain cosmology, Hindu as well as Buddhist cosmology and is considered to be the center of all the physical, metaphysical and spiritual universes.
De Chirico was profoundly moved by what he called the ' metaphysical aspect ' of Turin: the architecture of its archways and piazzas.
Historian Robert C. Fuller, a professor of religious studies at Bradley University, wrote that Seth filled the role of guide for what Fuller called " unchurched American spirituality ", related to concepts of reincarnation, karma, free will, ancient metaphysical wisdom, and " Christ consciousness ".
A set of powerful parhelia in Rome in the Summer of 1629 caused René Descartes to interrupt his metaphysical studies and led to his work of natural philosophy called " The World ".
Both were connected with a burgeoning occult scene developing around a metaphysical bookstore in London's East End called The Phoenix.
In Indian philosophy, the concept of a self is called ātman ( that is, " soul " or metaphysical self ), which refers to an unchanging, permanent essence conceived by virtue of existence.
Vladimir Lossky, a noted modern Eastern Orthodox theologian, argues the difference in East and West is due to the Roman Catholic Church's use of pagan metaphysical philosophy ( and scholasticism ) rather than actual experience of God called theoria, to validate the theological dogmas of Roman Catholic Christianity.
Defining " religion " as the dedication of one's whole person to whatever one regards as true and important, he took as his own religion the service of reason in a very full and all-encompassing metaphysical sense, defending what he called the " rational temper " as a human ideal ( though one exceedingly difficult to achieve in practice ).
In this respect Schuon has insisted on the importance for the authentic spiritual seeker to be aware of what he called the " metaphysical transparency of phenomena ".
This usually takes the form of what is called Christian Science treatment, a specifically focused prayer involving the affirmation of absolute spiritual or metaphysical truth of the spiritual perfection of God, and of man in God's image and likeness.
King Bhoja of Gujarat ( ca 1018 ) condensed the massive body of Siddhanta scriptural texts into one concise metaphysical treatise called the Tattvaprakāśa.
In this arrangement the primary perfection is termed the metaphysical essence, the others are called attributes.
In Italy, the style that Roh identified was created by a confluence of a renewed focus on harmony and technique called for by the “ return to order ” and metaphysical art, a style which had been developed by Carlo Carrà and Giorgio de Chirico, two members of the Novecento.
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