Bryozoans ' evolutionary relationships to other phyla are also unclear, partly because scientists ' view of the family tree of animals is mainly influenced by better-known phyla.

Bryozoans are small and the skeletons of crinoids disintegrate.

Bryozoans have spread diseases to fish farms and fishermen.

Bryozoans, phoronids and brachiopods strain food out of the water by means of a lophophore, a " crown " of hollow tentacles.

Most other shell forming organisms appear during the Cambrian period, with the Bryozoans being the only calcifying phylum to appear later, in the Ordovician.

Bryozoans and crinoids, common contributors to marine sediments during the Mississippian ( for example ), produced a very different kind of mound.

Phoronids resemble bryozoan zooids but are long and, although they often grow in clumps, do not form colonies consisting of clones.

Regardless when and by what route it reached England and the British colonies in its recognizable form, croquet is, like pall mall, trucco, jeu de mail and kolven, clearly a derivative of ground billiards, which was popular in Western Europe back to at least the 14th century, with roots in classical antiquity.

The term also served when six Australian colonies federated to form the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901.

Aside from the lion, wild felids are generally solitary ; feral domestic cats do, however, form feral cat colonies.

When the citizens see the meaningless battle, they put aside their differences, whether they are from the colonies or from Earth, and form what becomes the Earth Sphere Unified Nation.

Monroe supported the founding of colonies in Africa for free African Americans that would eventually form the nation of Liberia, whose capital, Monrovia, is named in his honor.

They form large, dense, noisy colonies during the summer reproductive period, often sharing habitat with murres.

The presence of British and other Commonwealth troops were crucial to Malaysia's security during the Malayan Emergency ( 1948 – 1960 ) and the Indonesian Confrontation ( 1962 – 1966 ), which was sparked by Malaya's merger with the British colonies of Singapore, Sarawak and North Borneo to form Malaysia in 1963.

In the example of the United States, the original 13 British colonies became independent states after the American Revolution, each having a republican form of government.

That law was also challenged by left-wing parties and the former French colonies ; critics argued that the law was tantamount to refusing to acknowledge the racism inherent to French colonialism, and that the law proper is a form of historical revisionism.

The slave narrative is a literary form which grew out of the written accounts of enslaved Africans in Britain and its colonies, including the later States

Tufted Puffins form dense breeding colonies during the summer reproductive season from British Columbia, throughout southeastern Alaska and the Aleutian Islands, Kamchatka, the Kuril Islands and throughout the Sea of Okhotsk.

Volvox is the most developed in a series of genera that form spherical colonies.

Ancestors of Volvox transitioned from single cells to form multicellular colonies at least, during the Triassic period.

However some former colonies ( e. g. Nigeria ) have adopted the presidential system as their form of government.

Her nearest Roman equivalent, Vesta, had similar functions as a divine personification of Rome's " public " and domestic hearths, including those of her colonies ; and Vesta's cults bound Romans together in the form of an extended family.

Despite close links to the American colonies ( and the material aid provided the continental rebels in the form of a hundred barrels of stolen gunpowder ), Bermudian privateers turned as aggressively on American shipping during the American War of Independence.

Slight differences in the method of budding produce great variations in the form of the colonies.

Bacterial lawn is a term used by microbiologists to describe the appearance of bacterial colonies when all the individual colonies on a petri-dish agar plate merge to form a field or mat of bacteria.

Portuguese East Africa was a string of Portuguese overseas colonies and later a Portuguese overseas province along the south-east African coast, which now form the republic of Mozambique.

Certain species form communities called microatolls, which are colonies whose top is dead and mostly above the water line, but whose perimeter is mostly submerged and alive.

Pigmentation, such as melanin in hyphal walls, along with prolific growth on surfaces can result in visible mold colonies ; examples include Cladosporium species, which form black spots on bathroom caulking and other moist areas.

Yeasts for small colonies in vitro and in vivo, and excessive growth of Candida species in the mouth or vagina causes " thrush ", a form of candidiasis.

Then in 2 we show that any line involution with the properties that ( A ) It has no complex of invariant lines, and ( B ) Its singular lines form a complex consisting exclusively of the lines which meet a twisted curve, is necessarily of the type discussed in 1.

An Urban legend is a form of modern folklore consisting of stories that may or may not have been believed by their tellers to be true.

Datasets are tables consisting of molecular, morphological, ethological and / or other characters and a list of operational taxonomic units ( OTUs ) which may be genes, individuals, populations, species, or larger taxa that are presumed to be monophyletic and that are presumed to form, all together, one large clade ; phylogenetic analysis reconstructs the branching pattern within that clade.

Mail ( maille, chainmail ) is a type of armour consisting of small metal rings linked together in a pattern to form a mesh.

# Multiple histones wrap into a 30 nm fibre consisting of nucleosome arrays in their most compact form ( heterochromatin ).

Fred Hoyle's classic novel The Black Cloud features a life form consisting of a vast cloud of interstellar dust, the individual particles of which interact via electromagnetic signalling analogous to how the individual cells of multicellular terrestrial life interact.

Athenian democracy took the form of a direct democracy, and it had two distinguishing features: the random selection of ordinary citizens to fill the few existing government administrative and judicial offices, and a legislative assembly consisting of all Athenian citizens.

This modeling style is a hybrid design, consisting of the best practices from both 3rd normal form and star schema.

In Thespiai ( Boeotia ), a special letter form consisting of a vertical stem with a single rightward-pointing horizontal bar ( x12px ) was used for what was probably a raised variant of in pre-vocalic environments.

About 70 – 80 % of the mass in a cluster is in the form of dark matter, with 10 – 30 % consisting of this heated gas and the remaining few percent of the matter in the form of galaxies.

In the case of plane or spatial coordinates, datum transformation takes the form of a similarity or Helmert transformation, consisting of a rotation and scaling operation in addition to a simple translation.

A GUT model basically consists of a gauge group which is a compact Lie group, a connection form for that Lie group, a Yang-Mills action for that connection given by an invariant symmetric bilinear form over its Lie algebra ( which is specified by a coupling constant for each factor ), a Higgs sector consisting of a number of scalar fields taking on values within real / complex representations of the Lie group and chiral Weyl fermions taking on values within a complex rep of the Lie group.

HTML is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of tags enclosed in angle brackets ( like < code >< nowiki >< html ></ nowiki ></ code >), within the web page content.

Another modern component is the music server consisting of one or more computer hard drives that hold music in the form of computer files.

Modern Hebrew tends to reserve this construction for phrases where the two components form a unified concept, whereas ordinary possession is more commonly expressed analytically with the preposition shel ' of ' ( etymologically consisting of the relativizer she-' that ' and the preposition le-' to ').

These societies are based on matrilines consisting of the matriarch and her descendants which form part of the line, as do their descendants.

Closely related matrilines form loose aggregations called pods, usually consisting of one to four matrilines.

Conservatories were in the form of corridors connecting the Pavilion to the stables and consisting of a passage of flowers covered with glass and linked with orangery, a greenhouse, an aviary, a pheasantry and hothouses.

After architects Mario Bellini and Rudy Ricciotti had won an international competition to create its new galleries for Islamic art, the new 3, 000 sq m pavilion eventually opened in 2012, consisting of ground-and lower-ground-level interior spaces topped by a golden, undulating roof ( fashioned from almost 9, 000 steel tubes that form an interior web ) that seems to float within the neo-Classical Visconti Courtyard in the middle of the Louvre ’ s south wing.

This jamahiriya, as he called it, was supposedly a form of direct democracy in which power was balanced between a General People's Congress, consisting of 2, 700 representatives of Basic People's Congresses, and an executive General People's Committee, headed by a General Secretary, who reported to the Prime Minister and the President.

The common area of performance is found in a " social phenomenon called litany ," a form of prayer consisting of a series of invocations or supplications.