Bryozoans ' evolutionary relationships to other phyla are also unclear, partly because scientists ' view of the family tree of animals is mainly influenced by better-known phyla.

Bryozoans, phoronids and brachiopods strain food out of the water by means of a lophophore, a " crown " of hollow tentacles.

Bryozoans form colonies consisting of clones called zooids that are typically about long.

Most other shell forming organisms appear during the Cambrian period, with the Bryozoans being the only calcifying phylum to appear later, in the Ordovician.

Bryozoans and crinoids, common contributors to marine sediments during the Mississippian ( for example ), produced a very different kind of mound.

Bryozoans are small and the skeletons of crinoids disintegrate.

The doctor, with the air of a man whose professional interests have found scope, drew Alex's attention to those excellences which might otherwise have escaped him: the fine color in comb and wattles, the length and quality of neck and saddle hackles, the firm, wide spread of the toes, and a rare justness in the formation of the ear lappets.

Unlike the later Christianization of the Saxon and of the Slavs, the Alemanni seem to have adopted Christianity gradually, and voluntarily, spread in emulation of the Merovingian elite.

It has also been recently suggested that the rapid climatic collapse, marking the Akkadian Dark Age, may have been responsible for the religiously prescribed prohibition against the raising and consumption of pigs that spread through the Ancient Middle East from the end of the third millennium BC.

Samuel Clemens ( Mark Twain ) is also known to have spread the story while lecturing, personalizing it by adding " I have a higher and greater standard of principle.

The bank will have higher IT costs, but counts on the multiplier effect of money creation and the interest rate spread to make it a profitable exercise.

Since about 2001, territorial defence forces, which as of 2002 number around 150, 000, have been forming, organized into battalions, companies, and platoons spread across Belarus.

As Bigfoot has become better known and a phenomenon in popular culture, sightings have spread throughout North America.

About a third of all reports of Bigfoot sightings are concentrated in the Pacific Northwest, with most of the remaining reports spread throughout the rest of North America .< ref name =" Car08_p118 ">< span id =" Car08 "></ span ></ ref > Some Bigfoot advocates, such as John Willison Green, have postulated that Bigfoot is a worldwide phenomenon.

Evaluating Collins ' approach, he considers " the wide geographical spread from which the material comes and the implicit assumption that linguistic developments would have occurred uniformly throughout this area " a weakness and concludes, " The character of the Hebrew and Aramaic could support a date in the fifth or fourth century for the extant written form of the book, but does not demand a second-century date.

Nestorian graves dating to 1338 – 9 near Lake Issyk Kul in Kyrgizstan have inscriptions referring to plague and are thought by many epidemiologists to mark the outbreak of the epidemic, from which it could easily have spread to China and India.

Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area.

Some, like Grafton Elliot Smith, argued that different groups must somehow have learned from one another, however indirectly ; in other words, they argued that cultural traits spread from one place to another, or " diffused ".

As time progressed, English country dances were spread and reinterpreted throughout the Western world, and eventually the French form of the name came to be associated with the American folk dances, especially in New England ( this Gallicized name change may have followed a contemporary misbelief that the form was originally French ).

The Cameroonian armed forces have bases spread all over Cameroon, including in Ngaoundéré.

Skeat “… in at least three cases and probably in all, in the form of codices " and he theorized that this form of notebook was invented in Rome and then “… must have spread rapidly to the Near East …” In his discussion of one of the earliest pagan parchment codices to survive from Oxyrhynchus in Egypt, Eric Turner seems to challenge Skeat ’ s notion when stating “… its mere existence is evidence that this book form had a prehistory ” and that “ early experiments with this book form may well have taken place outside of Egypt .” Early codices of parchment or papyrus appear to have been widely used as personal notebooks, for instance in recording copies of letters sent ( Cicero Fam.

Many worms that have been created are designed only to spread, and don't attempt to change the systems they pass through.

Levick believes this emulation of Caesar may have spread to all aspects of his policies.

Many of these associations have since spread throughout the occult community.

Many of these associations have since spread throughout the occult community.

Long-lived carbon-14 from the fusion process would cause four million embryonic, neonatal or childhood deaths and stillbirths over the next 20 generations, and between 200,000 and one million human beings now living would have their lives cut short by radiation-produced diseases such as leukemia.

These registries are sponsored by 18 national medical, dental, and veterinary societies and have as their mission the assembling of selected cases of interest to military medicine and of establishing through the mechanism of follow-up of living patients the natural history of various diseases of military-medical importance.

In the well-fed U.S., deficiency diseases have virtually vanished in the past 20 years.

Although MND refers to a specific subset of pathologically similar diseases ; there are numerous other afflictions of motor neurons that are pathologically distinct from MND and have a different clinical course.

Generally when a person has " arthritis " it means that they have one of these diseases, which include:

Antibacterial vaccines have been responsible for a drastic reduction in global bacterial diseases.

Antioxidants are widely used in dietary supplements and have been investigated for the prevention of diseases such as cancer, coronary heart disease and even altitude sickness.

Genes have been associated with numerous diseases and disorders.

OCD, hip and elbow dysplasia have remained almost unknown, as were congenital eye and heart diseases before the 1970s.

However, the indigenous people have influenced modern Costa Rican culture to a relatively small degree, as most of these died from diseases such as smallpox and mistreatment by the Spaniards.

Some studies have shown that ingredients in curry may help to prevent certain diseases, including colon cancer and Alzheimer's disease.

Other uses that have been termed chemotherapy are the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, dermatomyositis, polymyositis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis.

Many non-infectious diseases have a partly or completely genetic basis ( see genetic disorder ) and may thus be transmitted from one generation to another.

Frances and others have published debates on what they see as the six most essential questions in psychiatric diagnosis-are they more like theoretical constructs or more like diseases ; how to reach an agreed definition ; whether the DSM-V should take a cautious or conservative approach ; the role of practical rather than scientific considerations ; the issue of use by clinicians or researchers ; and whether an entirely different diagnostic system is required.

Also one should note that despite the lack of physical side effects, the intensity of the DMT experience could trigger latent mental illnesses in those who may have a genetic predisposition to such diseases.

* Certain population segments have been historically under-researched ( racial minorities and people with co-morbid diseases ), and thus the RCT restricts generalizing.

Poor intake of various vitamins and minerals can lead to diseases that can have far-reaching effects on health.

Eppig, Fincher, and Thornhill ( 2009 ) argue that " From an energetics standpoint, a developing human will have difficulty building a brain and fighting off infectious diseases at the same time, as both are very metabolically costly tasks " and that " the Flynn effect may be caused in part by the decrease in the intensity of infectious diseases as nations develop.

" They suggest that improvements in GDP, education, literacy, and nutrition may have an effect on IQ mainly through reducing the intensity of infectious diseases.

Scientists have taken the logical step of trying to introduce genes directly into human cells, focusing on diseases caused by single-gene defects, such as cystic fibrosis, haemophilia, muscular dystrophy and sickle cell anemia.

This work will have important implications for the treatment of hemophilia and other genetic diseases by gene therapy.

This work will have important implications for the treatment of hemophilia and other genetic diseases by gene therapy.

For the last two decades, growth factors have been increasingly used in the treatment of hematologic and oncologic diseases and cardiovascular diseases like: