DARPA has been responsible for funding the development of many technologies which have had a major effect on the world, including computer networking, as well as NLS, which was both the first hypertext system, and an important precursor to the contemporary ubiquitous graphical user interface.

These figures are " on average " since DARPA focuses on short-term ( two to four-year ) projects run by small, purpose-built teams.

Concerning information processing, DARPA made great progress, initially through its support of the development of time-sharing ( all modern operating systems rely on concepts invented for the Multics system, developed by a cooperation among Bell Labs, General Electric and MIT, which DARPA supported by funding Project MAC at MIT with an initial two-million-dollar grant ).

* Orientation to revolutionary breakthroughs in a connected approach: DARPA historically has focused not on incremental but radical innovation.

Some realistic references to ARPA in fiction are in Tom Swift and the Visitor from Planet X ( DARPA consults on a technical threat ), in episodes of television program The West Wing ( the ARPA-DARPA distinction ), the television program Numb3rs ( DARPA research into creating the first self-aware computer ), and in the motion picture Executive Decision ( use of a one-of-a-kind experimental prototype in an emergency ).

After initiating the pioneering ARPANET in 1969, DARPA started work on a number of other data transmission technologies.

In 1972, Robert E. Kahn joined the DARPA Information Processing Technology Office, where he worked on both satellite packet networks and ground-based radio packet networks, and recognized the value of being able to communicate across both.

DARPA then contracted with BBN Technologies, Stanford University, and the University College London to develop operational versions of the protocol on different hardware platforms.

However, public reaction to the Sputnik crisis led to the creation of the Advanced Research Projects Agency ( renamed the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency or DARPA in 1972 ), NASA, and an increase in U. S. government spending on scientific research and education.

Speech understanding programs sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ) in the U. S. has focused on this problem of natural speech interface.

In July 1996 DARPA went on to host the " Wearables in 2005 " workshop, bringing together industrial, university and military visionaries to work on the common theme of delivering computing to the individual.

In 2007 DARPA researchers announced a 16 element phased array integrated with all necessary circuits to send at 30 – 50 GHz on a single silicon chip for military purposes.

Funding for the IAO was subsequently cut and Poindexter retired from DARPA on August 12, 2003.

His continuing work on Eurisko led to attention in 1982 from DARPA and MCC in Austin, Texas.

The Information Awareness Office ( IAO ) was established by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ) in January 2002 to bring together several DARPA projects focused on applying surveillance and information technology to track and monitor terrorists and other asymmetric threats to U. S. national security, by achieving Total Information Awareness ( TIA ).

Norman continued his work to further human centered design by serving on numerous University and Government advisory boards such as with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ).

Other recent research highlights include studies of the effects of sleep and sleep loss on human cognitive functioning, work to advance shock compression science with contracts awarded to the WSU Institute for Shock Physics by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ) and the Department of Energy, and a program funded by the National Science Foundation that trains doctoral students to analyze evolutionary processes.

* DARPA May 2009 notes on PDE

It is perhaps best known for its work in the development of packet switching ( including the ARPANET and the Internet ) and for its 1978 acoustical analysis for the House Select Committee on the assassination of John F. Kennedy, but it is also a military contractor, primarily for DARPA.

According to former DARPA Director Tony Tether and W. B. Bonvillian (“ Power Play ,” W. B. Bonvillian, The American Interest, Volume II, p 39, November – December 2006 ), DARPA's key characteristics to be replicated to reproduce DARPA's success are:

Almost immediately afterwards ( within less than a day ) the Pentagon announced the cancellation of PAM, and by the end of the week John Poindexter, head of the DARPA unit responsible for developing it, had offered his resignation ; the PAM had first been proposed & funded in 2001, and Poindexter joined DARPA in December 2002.

DARPA has around 240 personnel ( about 140 technical ) directly managing a $ 3. 2 billion budget.

DARPA has hosted competitions in 2004 & 2005 to involve private companies and universities to develop unmanned ground vehicles to navigate through rough terrain in the Mojave Desert for a final prize of $ 2 Million.

Following the 2004 event, Dr. Tony Tether, the director of DARPA, announced that the prize money had been increased to $ 2 million for the next event, which was claimed on October 9, 2005.

On July 1, 1963, Project MAC ( the Project on Mathematics and Computation, later backronymed to Multiple Access Computer, Machine Aided Cognitions, or Man and Computer ) was launched with a $ 2 million grant from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ).

See Presentation by Dr. John Poindexter, Director, Information Awareness Office ( IAO ), DARPA, at DARPA-Tech 2002 Conference, Anaheim, CA ( Aug. 2, 2002 ); ISAT 2002 Study, Security with Privacy ( Dec. 13, 2002 ); and IAO Report to Congress regarding the Terrorism Information Awareness Program at A-13 ( May 20, 2003 ) in response to Consolidated Appropriations Resolution, 2003, No. 108-7, Division M, § 111 ( b ) Feb. 20, 2003.

In fall 2011, DARPA hosted the 100 Year Starship Symposium with the aim of getting the public to start thinking seriously about interstellar travel.

In FY 2011, sponsored research programs, including those funded by the National Institutes of Health ( NIH ), DARPA, and private foundations, totaled over $ 60 million.

The oldest car in the collection is a 1895 Panhard et Levassor, while the most modern is the robotic car named " DEXTER ", which was team Team Case's entry in 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge 2007, in which it placed in the top 20 entries.

Engelbart's research was funded by DARPA, and SRI's ARC became involved with the ARPANET, the precursor of the Internet.

BIND was written by Douglas Terry, Mark Painter, David Riggle and Songnian Zhou in the early 1980s at the University of California, Berkeley as a result of a DARPA grant.

Its original name was simply Advanced Research Projects Agency ( ARPA ), but it was renamed to " DARPA " ( for Defense ) in March 1972, then renamed " ARPA " again in February 1993, and then renamed " DARPA " again in March 1996.

DARPA was established during 1958 ( as ARPA ) in response to the Soviet launching of Sputnik during 1957, with the mission of keeping U. S. military technology more sophisticated than that of the nation's potential enemies.

DARPA ’ s original mission, established in 1958, was to prevent technological surprise like the launch of Sputnik, which signaled that the Soviets had beaten the U. S. into space.

DARPA was created as the Advanced Research Projects Agency ( ARPA ) by the Supplemental Military Construction Authorization ( Air Force ) ( Public Law 85-325 ) and Department of Defense Directive 5105. 15, in February 1958.

The agency was renamed the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ) in 1972, and during the early 1970s, it emphasized direct energy programs, information processing, and tactical technologies.

DARPA also funded the development of the Douglas Engelbart's NLS computer system and The Mother of All Demos ; and the Aspen Movie Map, which was probably the first hypermedia system and an important precursor of virtual reality.

Some contend that the amendment devastated American science, since ARPA / DARPA was a major funding source for basic science projects of the time ; the National Science Foundation never made up the difference as expected.

developed in the early 1990s part of the DARPA knowledge Sharing Effort, which was aimed at developing techniques for building large-scale knowledge bases which are

In the early days, Cerf was a program manager for the United States Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ) funding various groups to develop TCP / IP technology.

It was founded at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Laboratory for Computer Science ( MIT / LCS ) with support from the European Commission and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ), which had pioneered the Internet and its predecessor ARPANET.

PARC's West Coast location proved to be advantageous in the mid-1970s, when the lab was able to hire many employees of the nearby SRI Augmentation Research Center as that facility's funding from DARPA, NASA, and the U. S. Air Force began to diminish.

The DARPA Agent Markup Language ( DAML ) was the name of a US funding program at the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ) started in 1999 by then-Program Manager James Hendler, and later run by Murray Burke, Mark Greaves and Michael Pagels.

This language was then followed by an extension entitled DAML + OIL which included researchers outside of the DARPA program in the design.

In the 1960s, BBN was involved in a number of LISP-based artificial intelligence projects for DARPA, many of which had very large ( for the era ) memory requirements.

It was first developed as Project Orion by DARPA, after a suggestion by Stanislaw Ulam in 1947.