The discovery of the cosmic microwave background in 1965 lent strong support to the Big Bang model, and since the precise measurements of the cosmic microwave background by the Cosmic Background Explorer in the early 1990s, few cosmologists have seriously proposed other theories of the origin and evolution of the cosmos.

The weak and the strong cosmic censorship hypotheses are two mathematical conjectures about the structure of singularities arising in general relativity.

The weak and the strong cosmic censorship hypothesis are two conjectures concerned with the global geometry of spacetimes.

The two conjectures are mathematically independent, as there exist spacetimes for which the weak cosmic censorship is valid but the strong cosmic censorship is violated and, conversely, there exist spacetimes for which the weak cosmic censorship is violated but the strong cosmic censorship is valid.

Midnight died as a result of their second battle, but was later resurrected as " Midnight Sun " by the alien Kree in cloned body and gifted with cosmic powers strong enough to challenge the Silver Surfer.

They are a strong source for cosmic ray spallation in the atmosphere of the Earth.

* 2000 — Data from several cosmic microwave background experiments give strong evidence that the Universe is " flat " ( space is not curved, although space-time is ), with important implications for the formation of large-scale structure

Moreover, the connection between mythology and politics differs for each of the mythologists in question: in Eliade's case, Ellwood believes, a strong sense of nostalgia (" for childhood, for historical times past, for cosmic religion, for paradise "), influenced not only the scholar's academic interests, but also his political views.

This cosmic theory is a curious combination of materialistic and abstract ideas ; the influence of his master Bernardino Telesio, generally predominant, is not strong enough to overcome his inherent disbelief in the adequacy of purely scientific explanation.

Later poems deal more with an atmosphere of cosmic horror, or create a mood of being shut out from former felicity, and do not have a strong narrative through-line except occasionally over a couple of sonnets ( e. g. 17-18 ).

# A neutral atom or molecule, in a region of strong electric field ( such as the high potential gradient near the curved electrode ) is ionized by a natural environmental event ( for example, being struck by an ultraviolet photon or cosmic ray particle ), to create a positive ion and a free electron. Image: Corona Discharge initiation. svg

Were this conjecture to be shown empirically true, it would provide a counter-example to the strong cosmic censorship conjecture.

There is a strong belief in the Kabbalah tradition that cosmic forces affect everything, and knowing how to understand them can prove to be valuable to the aspiring Kabbalist.

One of the elements of the cosmic machinery bears a strong resemblance to traditional pictorial representations of the " wheel in the middle of a wheel " described in the visions of the Hebrew prophet Ezekiel.

The decision by Lord Justice Fox argued that Hubbard's " cosmic significance " in Scientology – a group which itself had been the subject of a Government report in 1972 – implied a strong public interest in the book's content.

* Hans Ringström ( strong cosmic censorship holds for T3-Gowdy vacuums ),

Book censorship proved to have a strong influence in Portuguese cultural evolution, serving to keep the country in ignorance and cultural backwardness.

Although this sort of presentation was a famous entertaining form of Lisbon ’ s Carnival, enjoying popular support and often with strong intervening characters, the censorship regulation in 1927 would strongly but irreversibly contribute to the extinction of this type of show.

To evade the Lord Chamberlain's Office's censorship it has to be staged privately by the Independent Theatre Society, but still attracts strong criticism on moral grounds.

Political censorship by the Russian authorities, prompted by the paper's strong advocacy of greater Finnish freedoms and even outright independence, forced Päivälehti to often temporarily suspend publication, and finally to close permanently in 1904.

Bruno had a reputation for unscrupulousness, and was often accused of exploiting Greenwich Village residents for profit — he used to charge tourists admission to watch Bohemians paint — but he was a strong opponent of censorship and was willing to risk prosecution by publishing Barnes's 1915 collection of " rhythms and drawings ," The Book of Repulsive Women.

Since its takeover by Indigo, Chapters has been involved in several controversies, often tied to censorship concerns, or the strong support for Israel by the owner Heather Reisman and her husband Gerry Schwartz.

As his movies and plays with strong social messages became popular, they suffered from increased censorship ; two of his plays in the 1950s were banned.

He did not specifically mention the British in his some of his stories, due to strong government censorship, but disguised his opposition in settings from the medieval era and the foreign history.

However, the rule of censorship was still strong when it comes to history after 1945 and there were very few films on the contemporary events.

The work was made difficult by strong government censorship.

In 1876, news of a series of atrocities by the Ottomans during their suppression of the Bulgarian April Uprising reached the British press, despite the strong censorship of the Turkish authorities.

The Hankyoreh opposes censorship and wiretapping and encourages active debate on news that is circulated, and like many newspapers in South Korea, is opposed to circulation of graphic news content and took a strong stance in the instance of the video footage of Kim Sun-il's death in Iraq It strongly endorsed the 2008 " mad cow protests " as a victory for " substantive democracy " over merely " procedural democracy.

Fine art photographers such as Wilhelm von Gloeden, David Hockney, Will McBride, Robert Mapplethorpe, Pierre et Gilles, Bernard Faucon, Anthony Goicolea have also made a strong contribution, Mapplethorpe and McBride being notably in breaking down barriers of gallery censorship and braving legal challenges.

Popularly known as the Sapir – Whorf hypothesis, or Whorfianism, the principle is often defined as having two versions: ( i ) the strong version that language determines thought and that linguistic categories limit and determine cognitive categories and ( ii ) the weak version that linguistic categories and usage influence thought and certain kinds of non-linguistic behaviour.

Also the distinction between a weak and a strong version of the hypothesis is a later invention, as Sapir and Whorf never set up such a dichotomy although in their writings at times their view of this relativity principle are phrased in stronger or weaker terms.

Where Brown's weak version of the linguistic relativity hypothesis proposes that language influences thought and the strong version that language determines thought, Fishman's ' Whorfianism of the third kind ' proposes that language is a key to culture.

This hypothesis has received substantial empirical support from studies showing that the capacity of working memory is a strong predictor of cognitive abilities in childhood.

A recent hypothesis that is gaining acceptance concerns the role of overactive top-down processing, or strong perceptual expectations, that can generate spontaneous perceptual output ( that is, hallucination ).

Weaker versions of the hypothesis suggesting littoral feeding and wading rather than strong aquatic adaptation have since been proposed.

The AAH has received little serious attention or acceptance from mainstream paleoanthropologists, has been met with significant skepticism and is not considered a strong scientific hypothesis.

When first introduced, the hypothesis boosting problem simply referred to the process of turning a weak learner into a strong learner.

" Informally, hypothesis boosting problem asks whether an efficient learning algorithm that outputs an hypothesis whose performance is only slightly better than random guessing a weak learner implies the existence of an efficient algorithm that outputs an hypothesis of arbitrary accuracy a strong learner.

" A precondition for this strong version of the hypothesis is that information and trading costs, the costs of getting prices to reflect information, are always 0 ( Grossman and Stiglitz ( 1980 )).

At first Opabinia was regarded as strong evidence for the " explosive " hypothesis.

Although media coverage of the hygiene hypothesis has declined, a strong ‘ collective mindset ’ has become established that dirt is ‘ healthy ’ and hygiene somehow ‘ unnatural ’.

There are three major versions of the hypothesis: " weak ", " semi-strong ", and " strong ".

Empirical evidence has been mixed, but has generally not supported strong forms of the efficient-market hypothesis According to Dreman and Berry, in a 1995 paper, low P / E stocks have greater returns.

In November 2009, a team of scientists at Johnson Space Center, including David McKay, reasserted that there is " strong evidence that life may have existed on ancient Mars ", after having reexamined the meteorite using more advanced analytical instruments now available, in light of the objections that had been made since the biogenic hypothesis for the biomorphs first had been put forward.

If the tested number n is composite, the strong liars a coprime to n are contained in a proper subgroup of the group, which means that if we test all a from a set which generates, one of them must be a witness for the compositeness of n. Assuming the truth of the generalized Riemann hypothesis ( GRH ), it is known that the group is generated by its elements smaller than O (( log n )< sup > 2 </ sup >), which was already noted by Miller.

Finally, it supposes that there is some physical distinction between a conscious observer and a non-conscious measuring device, so it seems to require eliminating the strong Church – Turing hypothesis or postulating a physical model for consciousness.

For instance, if one's worldview is fixed by one's language, as according to a strong version of the Sapir – Whorf hypothesis, one would have to learn or invent a new language in order to construct a new worldview.

If the data do not contradict the null hypothesis, then only a weak conclusion can be made ; namely that the observed data set provides no strong evidence against the null hypothesis.

There is a strong hypothesis that suggests that acquiring Go knowledge is a key to make a strong computer Go.