The most highly sought ( and expensive ) instruments come from Italy and include basses made by Giovanni Paolo Maggini, Gaspar da Salo, the Testore family ( Carlo Antonio, Carlo Giuseppe, Gennaro, Giovanni, Paulo Antonio ), Celestino Puolotti, and Matteo Gofriller.

Puccini completed the score of La rondine, to a libretto by Giuseppe Adami in 1916 after two years of work, and it was premiered at the Grand Théâtre de Monte Carlo on 27 March 1917.

* La rondine, libretto by Giuseppe Adami ( premiered at the Opéra of Monte Carlo, 27 March 1917 )

Verdi was born the son of Carlo Giuseppe Verdi and Luigia Uttini in Le Roncole, a village near Busseto, then in the Département Taro which was a part of the First French Empire after the annexation of the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza.

In 1913 he produced a symphonic poem in honour of Giuseppe Verdi with verses by Sem Benelli, which was first performed at the Teatro Carlo Felice in Genoa.

* During the 1930s-1940s, Lipari Island was used for the confinement of political prisoners including: Emilio Lussu, Curzio Malaparte, Carlo Rosselli, Giuseppe Ghetti and Edda Mussolini.

* Italian — Adami, Giuseppe: Pierrot in Love ( 1924 ); Cavacchioli, Enrico: Pierrot, Employee of the Lottery: Grotesque Fantasy ... ( 1920 ); Zangarini, Carlo: The Divine Pierrot: Modern Tragicomedy ... ( 1931 ).

According to Mannoia the killer was Francesco Di Carlo, a mafioso living in London at the time, and the order to kill Calvi had come from Mafia boss Giuseppe Calò and Licio Gelli.

Bonanno was born Giuseppe Carlo Bonanno on January 18, 1905 in Castellammare del Golfo, a town on the northwestern coast of Sicily.

it: Carlo Giuseppe Bonaparte

Joseph was born Giuseppe Buonaparte in 1768 to Carlo Buonaparte and Maria Letizia Ramolino at Corte, the capital of the Corsican Republic.

They included Giorgio Ronconi, who created the title role in Verdi's Nabucco ; Felice Varesi, who created the title roles in Macbeth and Rigoletto as well as Germont in La traviata ; Antonio Superchi, the originator of Don Carlo in Ernani ; Francesco Graziani, who was the original Don Carlo di Vargas in La forza del destino ; Leone Giraldoni, the creator of Renato in Un ballo in maschera and the first Simon Boccanegra ; Enrico Delle Sedie, who was London's first Renato ; Adriano Pantaleoni, renowned for his performances as Amonasro in Aida as well as other Verdi roles at La Scala, Milan ; Francesco Pandolfini, whose singing at La Scala during the 1870s was praised by Verdi ; Antonio Cotogni, a much lauded singer in Milan, London and Saint Petersburg, the first Italian Posa in Don Carlos and later a great vocal pedagogue, too ; and Giuseppe Del Puente, who sang Verdi to acclaim in the United States.

Their abundant inter-war Italian counterparts included, among others, Carlo Galeffi, Giuseppe Danise, Enrico Molinari, Umberto Urbano, Cesare Formichi, Luigi Montesanto, Apollo Granforte, Benvenuto Franci, Renato Zanelli ( who switched to tenor roles in 1924 ), Mario Basiola, Giovanni Inghilleri, Carlo Morelli ( the Chilean-born younger brother of Renato Zanelli ) and Carlo Tagliabue.

Famous Otellos of the past have included Tamagno, the role's trumpet-voiced creator, as well as Giovanni De Negri, Albert Alvarez, Francisco Viñas, Giuseppe Borgatti, Antonio Paoli, Giovanni Zenatello, Renato Zanelli, Giovanni Martinelli, Aureliano Pertile, Francesco Merli, Giacomo Lauri-Volpi, Frank Mullings, Leo Slezak, Jose Luccioni, Ramón Vinay, Mario del Monaco, James McCracken, Jon Vickers and Carlo Cossutta.

* October 5 – The bicentennial season of La Scala opens in Milan with a production of Giuseppe Verdi's Don Carlo.

Satisfied, Orsini returned to Paris with the bombs and contacted other conspirators, Giuseppe Pieri, Antonio Gomez and Carlo di Rudio ( later changed to Charles DeRudio ).

* 29 March – 1 July 1849: Carlo Armellini ( b. 1777 – d. 1863 ), Giuseppe Mazzini ( b. 1805 – d. 1872 ) & Conte Aurelio Saffi ( b. 1819 – d. 1890 )

( The traditional father-to-son Beretta dynasty was interrupted when Ugo Gussalli Beretta assumed the firm's control ; uncles Carlo and Giuseppe Beretta were childless ; Carlo adopted Ugo, son of sister Giuseppina Gussalli, and named him a Beretta.

Giuseppe Mazzini made his acquaintance, and in 1829, together with Carlo Bini, they started a newspaper, L ' Indicatore Livornese, at Livorno.

* Pallade ( cantata, libretto by Carlo Giuseppe Lanfranchi-Rossi, 1786, Naples )

) and Carlo Sigismondo Capace ( libr.

Keep straight ahead on the Via Falegnami, cross the wide Via Arenula, and you will come to the Piazza B. Cairoli, where you should look in at the Church of San Carlo Ai Catinari to see the frescoes on the ceiling.

`` Le Theatre D'Art Du Ballet '', of Monte Carlo, will present a program of four ballets including `` Francesca Da Rimini ''.

* 1667 – Francesco Borromini, Swiss architect, designed San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane and Sant ' Agnese in Agone ( b. 1599 )

* 1829 – Carlo Acton, Italian composer and pianist ( d. 1909 )

* He married 1908, Cleope Teresa Magliano ( 1888 – 1926 ), a dancer with the Ballet Opera of Monte Carlo.

John XXIII was acknowledged as pope by France, England, Bohemia, Prussia, Portugal, parts of the Holy Roman Empire, and numerous Northern Italian city states, including Florence and Venice ; however, the Avignon Pope Benedict XIII was regarded as pope by the Kingdoms of Aragon, Castile, and Scotland and Gregory XII was still favored by Ladislaus of Naples, Carlo I Malatesta, the princes of Bavaria, Louis III, Elector Palatine, and parts of Germany and Poland.

This uneven work was followed by another popular comedic success La locandiera ( Mine Hostess ), an adaptation of the classic and popular spoken stage comedy La locandiera by Carlo Goldoni, the libretto was prepared by Domenico Poggi.

* 2012 – Carlo Rambaldi, Italian special effects artist ( b. 1925 )

The Genoa Group of Eight Summit protest from July 18 to July 22, 2001 was one of the bloodiest protests in Western Europe's recent history, as evidenced by the wounding of hundreds of policemen and civilians forced to lock themselves inside of their homes and the death of a young Genoese anarchist named Carlo Giuliani — who was shot in the face while trying to throw a fire extinguisher on a police car — during two days of violence and rioting by fringe groups supported by the nonchalance of more consistent and peaceful masses of protesters, and the hospitalisation of several of those peaceful demonstrators just mentioned.

Carlo Willmann points out that as, on its own terms, anthroposophical methodology offers no possibility of being falsified except through its own procedures of spiritual investigation, no intersubjective validation is possible by conventional scientific methods ; it thus cannot stand up to positivistic science's criticism.

* In analysis of Markov chain Monte Carlo data, autocorrelation must be taken into account for correct error determination.

In most cases, the computation is intractable, but good approximations can be obtained using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods.

In the 1980s, there was a dramatic growth in research and applications of Bayesian methods, mostly attributed to the discovery of Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, which removed many of the computational problems, and an increasing interest in nonstandard, complex applications.

Carlo Osvaldo Goldoni (; 25 February 1707 – 6 February 1793 ) was an Italian playwright and librettist from the Republic of Venice.

In his memoirs, Goldoni describes his father as a physician, and claims that he was introduced to theatre by his grandfather Carlo Alessandro Goldoni.

In 1757, he engaged in a bitter dispute with playwright Carlo Gozzi, which left him utterly disgusted with the tastes of his countrymen ; so much so that in 1761 he moved to Paris, where he received a position at court and was put in charge of the Theatre Italien.

It was this very success that was the object of harsh critiques by Carlo Gozzi, who accused Goldoni of having deprived the Italian theatre of the charms of poetry and imagination.

* The film Carlo Goldoni – Venice, Grand Theatre of the World, directed by Alessandro Bettero, was released in 2007 and is available in English, Italian, French, and Japanese.

* Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro, Castroist pretender to the Two Sicilies since 2008.

* Carlo Colonna ( 1665-1739 ), created cardinal by Clement XI in 1706.

Therefore, four loose families of more-efficient light transport modelling techniques have emerged: rasterization, including scanline rendering, geometrically projects objects in the scene to an image plane, without advanced optical effects ; ray casting considers the scene as observed from a specific point-of-view, calculating the observed image based only on geometry and very basic optical laws of reflection intensity, and perhaps using Monte Carlo techniques to reduce artifacts ; and ray tracing is similar to ray casting, but employs more advanced optical simulation, and usually uses Monte Carlo techniques to obtain more realistic results at a speed that is often orders of magnitude slower.

Often, ray tracing methods are utilized to approximate the solution to the rendering equation by applying Monte Carlo methods to it.

In path tracing, however, only a single ray or none is fired at each intersection, utilizing the statistical nature of Monte Carlo experiments.

Mathematics used in rendering includes: linear algebra, calculus, numerical mathematics, signal processing, and Monte Carlo methods.