* 1565 – Cornelis de Houtman, Dutch explorer ( d. 1599 )

* 1565 – Pedro Menéndez de Avilés sights land near St. Augustine, Florida and founds the oldest continuously occupied European-established city in the continental United States.

* 1565 – Cebu is established becoming the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines.

Conrad von Gesner ( 1516 – 1565 ) and Nicholas Culpeper ( 1616 – 1654 ) also published herbals covering the medicinal uses of plants.

* 1565 – Conrad Gessner, Swiss naturalist ( b. 1516 )

There have been six non-imperial families who have controlled Japanese emperors: the Soga ( 530s – 645 ), the Fujiwara ( 850s – 1070 ), the Taira ( for a relatively short period ), the Minamoto ( and Kamakura bakufu ) ( 1192 – 1333 ), the Ashikaga ( 1336 – 1565 ) and the Tokugawa ( 1603 – 1867 ).

* 1522 – Lodovico Ferrari, Italian mathematician ( d. 1565 )

1565 – 21 January 1628 ) was a German composer.

* 1565 – Matsunaga Hisahide assassinates the 13th Ashikaga shogun, Ashikaga Yoshiteru.

* 1565 – Adrianus Turnebus, French scholar ( b. 1512 )

* 1647 – Francis Meres, English writer ( b. 1565 )

* 1565 – Turgut Reis ( Dragut ), commander of the Ottoman navy, dies during the Siege of Malta.

* 1565 – The widowed Mary, Queen of Scots, marries Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, Duke of Albany, at Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh, Scotland.

*** Florida, 1565 – 1763

The Peace Party, however, had its own armed forces – scattered bands of household troops ( Hofleute ) under diverse command, which only united in action in 1565 ( Battle of Pärnu, 1565 and Siege of Reval, 1565 ), in 1570 – 1571 ( Siege of Reval, 1570-1571 ; 30 weeks ), and in 1574 – 1576 ( first on Sweden ’ s side, then came the sale of Wiek to the Danish Crown, and the loss of the territory to Tsardom of Russia ).

Important naval victories of the Ottoman Empire in this period include the Battle of Preveza ( 1538 ); Battle of Ponza ( 1552 ); Battle of Djerba ( 1560 ); conquest of Algiers ( in 1516 and 1529 ) and Tunis ( in 1534 and 1574 ) from Spain ; conquest of Rhodes ( 1522 ) and Tripoli ( 1551 ) from the Knights of St. John ; capture of Nice ( 1543 ) from the Holy Roman Empire ; capture of Corsica ( 1553 ) from the Republic of Genoa ; capture of the Balearic Islands ( 1558 ) from Spain ; capture of Aden ( 1548 ), Muscat ( 1552 ) and Aceh ( 1565 – 67 ) from Portugal during the Indian Ocean expeditions ; among others.

With the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire after the Battle of Talikota in 1565, the Mysore Kingdom gradually achieved independence, and by the time of King Narasaraja Wodeyar ( 1637 ) it had become a sovereign state.

Sussex retired in frustration, and O ' Neill entered into a sustained offensive against the MacDonnells, ostensibly in the interests of ridding the English of Scottish interference in Ireland: he defeated Sorley Boy near Coleraine in the summer of 1564, laying waste his territory ; in 1565 he invaded the Glynns, destroying all Scottish settlements there, and at the Battle of Glentasie he won a decisive victory, in which James MacDonnell and Sorley Boy were taken prisoner and Dunluce Castle fell into O ' Neill's hands.

When the rulers of the five Deccan sultanates combined their forces and attacked Vijayanagara in 1565, the empire crumbled at the Battle of Talikot.

were raised on the Island of Djerba after the Battle of Djerba ( 1560 ), in India by the Mughal Akbar after the battle of Panipat ( 1565 ) and in Spain after the Battle of Sagrajas ( 1086 ).

South of these, the Hindu state of Carnatic or Vijayanagar still survived ; but this, too, was destroyed, at the Battle of Talikota ( 1565 ) by a league of the Muslim powers.

The Battle of Talikota in 1565 led to the decline of the mighty Vijayanagara Empire and many feudatory chieftains rose in political prominence including the Keladi Nayakas ( Ikkeri Nayaks ).

Although generally rivals, they did ally against the Vijayanagar empire in 1565, permanently weakening Vijayanagar in the Battle of Talikota.

During this period the people of Rende were alongside Philip II ( son of Charles V ) and Ferdinand of Alarcón in 1565 under the command of Gian Domenico Migliarese in Malta battle against the Turks and in 1571 at the Battle of Lepanto led by Diego de Guiera.

Vicayanagara recaptured it after Battle of Raichur in 1520 but Bijapur recaptured it in 1565 after Vijayanagara's defeat at hands of Deccan Sultanates during Battle of Talikota.

The Sultanate expanded southward, first with the conquest of the Raichur Doab following the defeat of the Vijayanagar Empire at the Battle of Talikota in 1565.

His victory in the Battle of Talikota in 1565 and further campaigns in the Krishna-Tunghabhadra regions brought enormous wealth.

The two sides fought a pitched battle in 1565, the Battle of Affane.

Two examples of this are the Battle of Affane in 1565, fought between the Ormonde and Desmond dynasties, and the Battle of Farsetmore in 1567, fought between the O ' Donnells and O ' Neills.

On 4 June 1565, the Battle at Buchow took place on the Mecklenburg coast, in which the Danish – Lübeck commander Herluf Trolle was mortally wounded.

In the Battle of 7 July 1565, the Swedish navy under Klas Horn defeated a Danish – Lübeck navy under Otto Rud near Bornholm, where Sweden captured the Danish flagship the Jegermesther.

The Vijayanagar empire collapsed after more than two centuries of rule, in 1565, after the Sultans of Deccan Confederacy won the battle of Talikota, thus opening up southern India for Muslim conquest.

He had confederated with the other Deccan sultans in the Talikota war of 1565, and is credited with killing the very same Aliya Ramaraya who had sheltered him during his exile.

Constant warring, both with the Vijayanagar Empire and the other Deccan Sultanates, curtailed the development of state before the Deccan Sultanates allied to achieve victory over Vijayanagar at Talikota in 1565.

On 26 January 1565, the neighboring kingdoms of Ahmednagar, Berar, Bidar, Bijapur and Golconda came together to defeat the Vijayanagar decisively in the Battle of Talikota.

The battle of Talikota in 1565 in which Vijayanagar, the ally of the Portuguese, was defeated, emboldened the Samoothiri to start large scale operations against the Portuguese.

In 1565, it was Rama Raya, as the pre-eminent general of the Vijayanagar army, who led the defense against the invading army of Deccan Sultans ( i. e. Husain Nizam Shah, Ali Adil Shah and Ibrahim Qutb Shah ) in the battle of Talikota.

The Battle of Talikota (, ) ( January 26, 1565 ), a watershed battle fought between the Vijayanagara Empire and the Deccan sultanates, resulted in a rout of Vijayanagara, and ended the last great Hindu kingdom in South India.

On January 26, 1565 the Deccan Sultanates of Ahmednagar, Bidar, Bijapur and Golconda, who had formed a grand alliance, met the Vijayanagara army at Talikota, Bijapur taluk between two villages called Rakkasagi and Tangadagi, on the alluvial banks of the Krishna River, in present day Karnataka state.

He fought the Turks in Hungary in 1565, and on his return, he became one of the leaders of the Catholic faction in the French Wars of Religion.

Under Grand Duke Cosimo I of Tuscany he fought against Siena, and later he fought at the Siege of Malta ( 1565 ) against the Turks.

Estácio de Sá founded the city of Rio de Janeiro on March 1, 1565, and fought the Frenchmen for two more years.

The history of Casa Rocca Piccola goes back over 400 years to an era in which the Knights of St John, having successfully fought off the invading Turks in 1565, decided to build a prestigious city to rival other European capitals such as Paris and Venice.

He fought and successfully repulsed the Turks at the Great Siege of Malta ( 1565 ), in which the vastly outnumbered Christians held out for over 3 months against an Ottoman force containing no less than 30, 000 soldiers, including the notorious Janissaries, as well as the Sultan's prized fleet of some 193 ships.