* 1575 – Bartol Kašić, Croatian writer and linguist ( d. 1650 )

* 1650 – Vincenzo Coronelli, Italian cartographer ( d. 1718 )

* 1650 – The Battle of Carbisdale: A Royalist army from Orkney invades mainland Scotland but is defeated by a Covenanter army.

Thābit's formula was rediscovered by Fermat ( 1601 – 1665 ) and Descartes ( 1596 – 1650 ), to whom it is sometimes ascribed, and extended by Euler ( 1707 – 1783 ).

John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough ( 1650 – 1722 ) by Sir Godfrey Kneller.

Bernard of Clairvaux ( 1090 – 1153 ), in a 1700 painting by Georg Andreas Wasshuber ( 1650 – 1732 ) on display at Heiligenkreuz Abbey.

The great plague of 1650 – 1654 halved the city's population.

Similarly, the influences of philosophers such as Sir Francis Bacon ( 1561 – 1626 ) and René Descartes ( 1596 – 1650 ), who demanded more rigor in mathematics and in removing bias from scientific observations, led to a scientific revolution.

Western casuistry dates from Aristotle ( 384 – 322 BC ), yet the zenith of casuistry was from 1550 to 1650, when the Society of Jesus used case-based reasoning, particularly in administering the Sacrament of Penance ( or " confession ").

In response to Hobbes, the French Philosopher Rene Descartes ( 1596 – 1650 ) developed Cartesian Dualism, which posits that there is a divisible, mechanical body and an indivisible, immaterial mind which interact with one another.

The first holder of the title was John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough ( 1650 – 1722 ), the noted English general, and indeed an unqualified reference to the Duke of Marlborough in a historical text will almost certainly refer to him.

* John Churchill, 1st Earl of Marlborough ( 1650 – 1722 ), became Duke of Marlborough in 1702

* John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough ( 1650 – 1722 ), soldier and statesman

* 1566 – Manuel Cardoso, Portuguese composer ( d. 1650 )

René Descartes ( 1596 – 1650 ) developed analytic geometry, an alternative method for formalizing geometry.

* 1650 – Anne-Jules, French general ( d. 1708 )

* 1650 – Nell Gwynne, English actress and royal mistress ( d. 1687 )

A Polish Kabbalist, writing in about 1630 – 1650, reported the creation of a golem by Rabbi Eliyahu thus: " And I have heard, in a certain and explicit way, from several respectable persons that one man close to our time, whose name is R. Eliyahu, the master of the name, who made a creature out of matter Golem and form tzurah and it performed hard work for him, for a long period, and the name of emet was hanging upon his neck, until he finally removed it for a certain reason, the name from his neck and it turned to dust.

** Humanism and Protestant Reformation ( 1500 – 1650 )

An early example of the Golden Rule that reflects the Ancient Egyptian concept of Maat appears in the story of The Eloquent Peasant, which dates to the Middle Kingdom ( c. 2040 – 1650 BCE ): " Now this is the command: Do to the doer to cause that he do thus to you.

Apart from occasional conflicts between rival clans, the only battles in the county were Invercarron, at the head of Dornoch Firth, when Montrose was crushed by Colonel Archibald Strachan on 27 April 1650 — and the Battle of Glenshiel, when the Jacobites, under the Earl of Seaforth, aided by Spaniards, were defeated by a force under the command of General Joseph Wightman on 10 June 1719.

The Page lineage in Virginia began with the arrival at Jamestown of Colonel John Page at Jamestown in 1650.

Lord Gorges was succeeded in the captaincy by Colonel Thomas Eyre, who in 1650 secured a grant of further ordnance and an increase in the number of soldiers stationed there.

* Colonel Robert Walpole ( 1650 – 1700 )

Colonel John Page, a merchant who had emigrated from Middlesex, England with his wife Alice Lucken Page in 1650, was largely responsible for building Middle Plantation into a substantial town.

Colonel John Moore ( 1599 – 1650 ) was one of the regicides of King Charles I.

It was built by Colonel Erhard Reichsfreiherr von Ehrentreuter of Hofrieth ( 1596-1664 ), commander of the Dutch garrison in Emden, between the years 1642 and 1650.

In 1650, he went to Cambridge University, having received two exhibitions from St Paul's School ( perhaps owing to the influence of Sir George Downing, who was chairman of the judges and for whom he later worked at the exchequer ) and a grant from the Mercers Company.

* Marion Delorme ( circa 1613 – 1650 ): lover of George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, the Prince of Condé, and Cardinal Richelieu

* January 24 – George Rooke, English admiral ( b. 1650 )

George Washington's great-grandfather received a Gloucester County land patent in 1650.

In 1580, he married Rachel Poulet ( 1564 – 1650 ), daughter of George Poulet ( c. 1533 – 1621 ), Bailiff of Jersey, and granddaughter of Sir Hugh Poulet, Governor of Jersey ( died 1573 ).

In 1650 Zsuzsanna Lorántffy, widow of George I Rákóczi prince of Transylvania invited him to Sárospatak.

It is the oldest regiment in the Regular Army in continuous active service, originating in Coldstream, Scotland in 1650 when General George Monck founded the regiment.

Monck took men from the regiments of George Fenwick and Sir Arthur Haselrig, five companies each, and on 23 August 1650 formed Monck's Regiment of Foot.

* Captain-General George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, 1650 – 1678

* Lynch, Jack ( 2005 ) ' Forgery as Performance Art: The Strange Case of George Psalmanazar ,' 1650 – 1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era 11, ( 2005 ): p21 – 35.

* George Gray, born in Lanark in the 1620s, a POW from the Battle of Dunbar ( 1650 ), Durham Cathedral survivor, and New World refugee upon arrival to Berwick, Maine.

* An appeale to all Englishmen, to judge between bondage and freedome, sent from those that began to digge upon George Hill in Surrey ; but now are carrying on, that publick work upon the little heath in the parish of Cobham ..., ( March 26, 1650 ), Jerard Winstanley 24 others

* George Brown ( inventor ) ( 1650 – 1730 ), Scottish inventor

Many traditional songs concern events current at the time of their composition, such as the emancipation of the slaves of Barbados, and the coronations of Victoria, George V, and Elizabeth II ; this song tradition dates back to 1650.

* George Seton, 3rd Earl of Winton ( 1584 – 1650 )

* George Hay, 3rd Earl of Kinnoull ( d. 1650 )

The first known ascent of Mount Teide by a European was in 1646 or 1650 by the Englishmen Philips Ward, John Webber, John Cowling, Thomas Bridges, George Cove and a friend named Clappham.

Admiral of the Fleet Sir George Rooke ( 1650 – 24 January 1709 ) was an English naval commander.

A biography within an 1819 publication of The Gentleman's Magazine, however, records in a short biography entitled Life and Exploits of Admiral Benbow by D. Parkes that he was born in 1650, as does the 1861 Sea kings and naval heroes by John George Edgar.

Admiral George Rooke ( 1650 – 1709 ) by Michael Dahl.

* Catherine Howard ( d. 1650 ), married first George Stewart, 9th Seigneur d ' Aubigny ( d. 1642 ), second James Livingston, 1st Earl of Newburgh

The 1822 visit of King George IV to Scotland was the first visit of a reigning monarch to Scotland since 1650.

Spon travelled to Italy, and then to Greece, to Constantinople and the Levant in 1675 – 1676 in the company of the English connoisseur and botanist Sir George Wheler ( 1650 – 1723 ), whose collection of antiquities was afterwards bequeathed to Oxford University.

* George Maule, 3rd Earl of Panmure ( 1650 – 1686 )