* Atlas ( 1863 – 1885 ), one of the eight South Devon Railway Dido class steam locomotives

* 1863 – A 65-man French Foreign Legion infantry patrol fought a force of nearly 2, 000 Mexican soldiers to nearly the last man in Hacienda Camarón, Mexico.

* 1863 – Géza Gárdonyi, Hungarian writer and journalist ( d. 1922 )

** Haliotis varia f. dohrniana Dunker, 1863 – synonym: Haliotis dohrniana Dunker, 1863

* 1863 – American Civil War: following his defeat in the Battle of Gettysburg, General Robert E. Lee sends a letter of resignation to Confederate President Jefferson Davis ( which is refused upon receipt ).

* 1863 – American Civil War: The Siege of Vicksburg – ships led by Union Admiral David Dixon Porter move through heavy Confederate artillery fire on approach to Vicksburg, Mississippi.

* 1863 – Ernest Thayer, American poet ( d. 1940 )

* Adrian Knox ( 1863 – 1932 ), Australian judge

* 1863 – The Anglo-Satsuma War begins between the Satsuma Domain of Japan and the United Kingdom ( Traditional Japanese date: July 2, 1863 ).

* 1863 – Aleksey Krylov, Russian engineer and mathematician ( d. 1945 )

* 1863 – The Dominican Restoration War begins when Gregorio Luperón raises the Dominican flag in Santo Domingo after Spain had recolonized the country.

* 1863 – American Civil War: In Charleston, South Carolina, Union batteries and ships bombard Confederate-held Fort Sumter.

* 1863 – Lawrence, Kansas is destroyed by Confederate guerrillas Quantrill's Raiders in the Lawrence Massacre.

Cl., 43 ( 1863 ) 491 – 528 online (= Gesammelte philologische Schriften ( Leipzig & Berlin 1911 ) 1. 117 – 155 )

* Alfonso Sanz y Martínez de Arizala ( 28 January 1880, Madrid – 1970 ), married in 1922 to María de Guadalupe de Limantour y Mariscal ( d. 1977, Marbella ), daughter of Julio de Limantour y Marquet ( 17 June 1863, Mexico City – 11 October 1909, Mexico City ) and wife Elena Mariscal y ..., paternal granddaughter of French Joseph Yves de Limantour y Rence de la Pagame ( 1812, Ploemeur – 1885, Mexico City ) and wife Adèle Marquet y Cabannes ( 1820, Bordeaux –?

* 1863 – American Civil War: Grierson's Raid begins – troops under Union Army Colonel Benjamin Grierson attack central Mississippi.

* 1863 – Richmond Bread Riot: Food shortages incite hundreds of angry women to riot in Richmond, Virginia and demand that the Confederate government release emergency supplies.

Subsequently HM Sultan Jamalul Ahlam Kiram ( 1863 – 1881 ), the 29th reigning Sultan of Sulu, leased North Borneo in 1878 to Gustavus Baron de Overbeck and Alfred Dent, representing the British North Borneo Company in what is now the Malaysian state of Sabah.

* March 27 – Alfred de Vigny, French author ( d. 1863 )

In 1863, he renounced his succession rights to the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in favour of his younger brother, Prince Alfred.

* Alfred de Vigny ( 1797 – 1863 ), poet, playwright, novelist

* Wallace, Alfred Russel ( 1863 ): " The Bucerotidæ, or Hornbills ".

Union Cavalry Generals George A. Custer ( left ) and Alfred Pleasonton in Autumn 1863

Between 1863 and 1864, Alfred A. Janney built a furnace, now named Janney Furnace, to produce pig iron for the Confederate States of America during the Civil War.

In 1895, Alfred Kirstein ( 1863 – 1922 ) of Berlin first described direct visualization of the vocal cords, using an esophagoscope he had modified for this purpose ; he called this device an autoscope.

Alfred Victor de Vigny ( 27 March 1797 – 17 September 1863 ) was a French poet, playwright, and novelist.

Prince Alfred, therefore, remained in the navy, and was promoted lieutenant on 24 February 1863, serving under Count Gleichen on, and captain on 23 February 1866, being then appointed to the command of the frigate.

After graduating in 1863 with the Gold Medal for Modern Languages, Mulock became a law student, first articled to Alfred Boultbee in Newmarket, and then in Toronto, eventually in the firm of Senator John Ross.

All previous observations of the glottis and larynx had been performed under indirect vision ( using mirrors ) until 23 April 1895, when Alfred Kirstein ( 1863 – 1922 ) of Germany first described direct visualization of the vocal cords.

Previous military expeditions against the Sioux by Alfred Sully, Henry Hastings Sibley, and Patrick Edward Connor from 1863 to 1865 had numbered more than 2, 000 soldiers.

* 1863 Nitroglycerin, stearin candles factory is founded by Alfred Nobel in Stockholm.

* Alfred Bucherer ( 1863 – 1927 ), German physicist

During the early part of the 1863 Gettysburg Campaign, the 1st Michigan Cavalry and Battery M, 2nd United States Artillery were added to the brigade in central Maryland as part of a major reorganization of the Army of the Potomac's Cavalry Corps by its commander, Alfred Pleasonton.

* Highwic circa 1863, Gillies Avenue, old homestead of Alfred Buckland ; extant & open to the public-has been called one of Auckland's most notable historic houses, built in the Carpenter Gothic style from an American pattern book.

Christian Horace Benedict Alfred Moquin-Tandon ( 7 May 1804-15 April 1863 ) was a French naturalist and doctor.

In the spring of 1863, he was promoted to command of the 1st Brigade of Maj. Gen. Alfred Pleasonton's cavalry division in the Army of the Potomac, but he was away from the Army on medical leave during the Battle of Chancellorsville.

The Ringling Brothers Circus was a circus founded in the United States in 1884 by five of the seven Ringling Brothers: Albert ( 1852 – 1916 ), August ( 1854 – 1907 ), Otto ( 1858 – 1911 ), Alfred T. ( 1862 – 1919 ), Charles ( 1863 – 1926 ), John ( 1866 – 1936 ), and Henry ( 1869 – 1918 ).

Antoine François Alfred Lacroix ForMemRS ( February 4, 1863 – March 12, 1948 ) was a French mineralogist and geologist.

The name " Sweet ' n Low " derives from an 1863 song by Sir Joseph Barnby, which took both its title and lyrics from an Alfred Lord Tennyson poem, entitled The Princess: Sweet and Low.

In 1863, Ernest told Victoria that it was time for Alfred to leave the navy and enter a German university.

Edgar Jepson was born on 28 November 1863 at Kenilworth, Warwickshire, the second of five sons and three daughters raised by Alfred and Margaret Jepson.