* 1875 – The Treaty of Saint Petersburg between Japan and Russia is ratified, providing for the exchange of Sakhalin for the Kuril Islands.

* 1875 – Katharine McCormick, American biologist, philanthropist, and activist ( d. 1967 )

* 1875 – Albert Ketèlbey, English conductor, composer, and pianist ( d. 1959 )

Albert Schweitzer, OM ( 14 January 1875 – 4 September 1965 ) was a German and then French theologian, organist, philosopher, physician, and medical missionary.

* 1875 – Mstislav Dobuzhinsky, Russian painter ( d. 1957 )

Aleister Crowley ( ; 12 October 1875 – 1 December 1947 )| deadurl = no

* Sir William Buell Richards ( Chief Justice ) – September 30, 1875

* Télesphore Fournier – September 30, 1875

* William Alexander Henry – September 30, 1875

* Sir William Johnstone Ritchie – September 30, 1875

* Sir Samuel Henry Strong – September 30, 1875

* Jean-Thomas Taschereau – September 30, 1875

Franciszek Bujak ( 1875 – 1953 ) and Jan Rutkowski ( 1886 – 1949 ), the founders of modern economic history in Poland and of the journal Roczniki Dziejów Spolecznych i Gospodarczych ( 1931 – ), were attracted to the innovations of the Annales school.

* 1875 – Artur Bernardes, Brazilian politician, 12th President of Brazil ( d. 1955 )

* 1875 – Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, English composer ( d. 1912 )

* 1875 – Stjepan Seljan, Croatian explorer ( d. 1936 )

* Albert I of Belgium ( 1875 – 1934 ), third King of the Belgians

* 1875 – Captain Matthew Webb became the first person to swim across the English Channel, traveling from Dover, England, to Calais, France, in 22 hours.

Andrew Johnson ( December 29, 1808 July 31, 1875 ) was the 17th President of the United States ( 1865 – 1869 ).

* 1875 – William Eccles, English physicist ( d. 1966 )

* 1875 – Eugene Lanceray, Russian painter and sculptor ( d. 1946 )

* Alfons Karpiński ( 1875 – 1961 ), Polish painter

* 1805 – Hans Christian Andersen, Danish writer ( d. 1875 )

John Tyndall first described antagonistic activities by fungi against bacteria in England in 1875.

The company went bankrupt in 1875, but the following year Heinz founded another company, F & J Heinz, with his brother John Heinz and a cousin Frederick Heinz.

The company went bankrupt in 1875, but the following year Heinz founded another company, F & J Heinz, with his brother John Heinz and a cousin Frederick Heinz.

* John Ford House ( 1827 – 1904 ), American legislator who, from 1875 to 1883, served as Democratic representative for Tennessee's 6th congressional district

* 1821 – John C. Breckinridge, American lawyer and politician, 14th Vice President of the United States and Confederate general ( d. 1875 )

* John W. Brown ( New York politician ) ( 1796 – 1875 ), U. S. representative ( JD – NY, 1833 – 1837 )

* 1875 – Archbishop of New York John McCloskey is named the first cardinal in the United States.

* 1815 – John Mitchel, Irish nationalist ( d. 1875 )

Beginning with Sir John A. Macdonald's National Policy ( 1879 ) and the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway ( 1875 – 1885 ) through Northern Ontario and the Canadian Prairies to British Columbia, Ontario manufacturing and industry flourished.

The first published reference appears in the publication of the Royal Society in 1875, by John Tyndall.

< tr bgcolor ="# FFFFFF ">< td >-< td > John Robertson ( 3rd time )< td >< td > 9 February 1875 < td > 21 March 1877

: A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, John Murray, London, 1875.

* Melliss, John C. M., St Helena: A Physical, Historical and Topographical Description of the Island Including Geology, Fauna, Flora and Meteorology, L. Reeve & Co, London, 1875

* John Wordsworth ( 18 June 1803 – 1875 ).

* February 11 – John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir, Governor General of Canada ( b. 1875 )

* January 27 – John Evelyn Denison, 1st Viscount Ossington, English statesman ( d. 1875 )

* February 12 – John Edward Gray, British zoologist ( d. 1875 )

# John McDowell Leavitt ( 1875 – 1880 ), Episcopal clergyman

John Fallon made the first claim in Marshal Basin above Telluride in 1875 and early settlement of Telluride followed.

Green wrote to Freeman on 11 November 1875 :" I am very sorry to have missed you, dear Freeman ... Little Evans — son of John Evans the great — has just come back from the Herzegovina which he reached by way of Lapland, having started from the Schools in excitement at the ' first ' I wrung for him out of the obdurate Stubbs ..."

In response, Bergh himself, along with Elbridge T. Gerry and John D. Wright, formed the New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children ( NYSPCC ) in 1875.

Two years later on December 6, 1875, the county's name was shortened to " Clay " by the Arkansas General Assembly ; though some sources say it was renamed for the legendary statesman Henry Clay, others say John M. Clayton remained its official namesake.

Based on an article from A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, John Murray, London, 1875.

* USS Huron ( 1875 ), an iron sloop-rigged screw steam gunboat built by John Roach & Sons in Chester, Pennsylvania