Arnulf of Carinthia ( 850 – 8 December 899 ) was the Carolingian King of East Francia from 887, the disputed King of Italy from 894 and the disputed Holy Roman Emperor from 22 February 896 until his death.

Arnulf was granted the Duchy of Carinthia, a Frankish vassal state and successor of the ancient Principality of Carantania, by his father Carloman, after Carloman had become reconciled with his own father Louis the German and was created King of Bavaria.

Arnulf spent his childhood on the Mosaburch or Mosapurc, which is widely believed to be Moosburg in Carinthia, only a few miles away from one of the Imperial residences, the Carolingian Kaiserpfalz at Karnburg, which before as Krnski grad had been the residence of the Carantanian princes.

Later, after he had been crowned King of East Francia, Arnulf turned his old territory of Carinthia into the March of Carinthia, a part of the Duchy of Bavaria.

After Carloman was incapacitated by a stroke in 879, Louis the Younger inherited Bavaria, Charles the Fat was given the Kingdom of Italy and Arnulf was confirmed in Carinthia by an agreement with Carloman.

ga: Arnulf de Carinthia

He was ordained as a subdeacon by Pope Marinus I, followed by his being raised to the deaconate by Pope Stephen V. During the pontificate of Pope Formosus ( 891 – 896 ), he was a member of the party of nobles who supported the Emperor Lambert, who was the opponent of Formosus and the pope ’ s preferred imperial candidate, Arnulf of Carinthia.

Formosus persuaded Arnulf of Carinthia to advance to Rome, invade the Italian peninsula, and take control of Italy.

Under Emperor Arnulf of Carinthia, Carantania, now ruled by a mixed Bavarian-Slav nobility, shortly emerged as a regional power, but was destroyed by the Hungarian invasions in the late 9th century.

At the time of Svatopluk I and King Arnulf of Carinthia in the 9th century, Silesia was a part of Greater Moravia ; after its destruction in the early 10th century, it was conquered by Bohemia.

Early in 929 the joint forces of Duke Arnulf of Bavaria and King Henry I the Fowler reached Prague in a sudden attack, which forced Wenceslaus to resume the payment of a tribute which had been first imposed by the East Frankish king Arnulf of Carinthia in 895.

* Arnulf of Carinthia

* Arnulf of Carinthia, King of the East Franks ( d. 899 )

* Arnulf of Carinthia ascends to the throne of Eastern Francia ( modern Germany ).

One of his sons, Henry, sometimes called margrave and duke in Franconia under King Charles the Fat of East Francia, fell fighting against the Normans in 886 ; another, Poppo, was margrave in Thuringia from 880 to 892, when he was deposed by King Charles successor Arnulf of Carinthia.

The Vikings were defeated in 891 by Arnulf of Carinthia near Leuven.

* The Eastern Franks invade and conquer Italy under the leadership of Arnulf of Carinthia.

* Arnulf of Carinthia undertakes his second Italian campaign.

* Poppo of Thuringia, count of the march in Thuringia, is deposed by the German Carolingian king Arnulf of Carinthia.

* Arnulf of Carinthia and his Magyar ( Hungarian ) allies invade Great Moravia.

* Arnulf of Carinthia grants Osnabrück trade privileges.

The following year his nephew Arnulf of Carinthia, the illegitimate son of King Carloman of Bavaria, raised the standard of rebellion.

* February 22 – A succession struggle erupts in Flanders between Richilde, widow of Baldwin VI and her brother-in-law Robert the Frisian, son of Baldwin V. Robert defeats Richilde and her nephew Arnulf III in the Battle of Cassel and is appointed count by King Philip.

In his southern expansion Arnulf inevitably had conflict with the Normans, who were trying to secure their northern frontier.

Herbert and Arnulf I of Flanders joined him this time and they took Eu, but were ambushed near Fauquembergues and the king was wounded, the Count of Ponthieu killed, and many Normans left dead on the field.

With the support of the nobles, Arnulf held a Diet at Tribur and deposed Charles in November 887, under threat of military action.

In addition, in 889, Arnulf supported the claim of Louis the Blind to the kingdom of Provence, after receiving a personal appeal from Louis ’ mother, Ermengard, who came to see Arnulf at Forchheim in May 889.

In 895, Arnulf summoned both Charles and Odo to his presence at Worms.

Arnulf was greeted at the Ponte Milvio by the Roman Senate who escorted him into the Leonine City, where he was received by Pope Formosus on the steps of the Santi Apostoli.

Last, Henry besieged his residence at Ratisbon ( Regensburg ) and forced Arnulf into submission.

The characteristics they shared with many Merovingian female saints may be mentioned: Regenulfa of Incourt, a 7th-century virgin in French-speaking Brabant of the ancestral line of the dukes of Brabant fled from a proposal of marriage to live isolated in the forest, where a curative spring sprang forth at her touch ; Ermelindis of Meldert, a 6th-century virgin related to Pepin I, inhabited several isolated villas ; Begga of Andenne, the mother of Pepin II, founded seven churches in Andenne during her widowhood ; the purely legendary " Oda of Amay " was drawn into the Carolingian line by spurious genealogy in her 13th-century vita, which made her the mother of Arnulf, Bishop of Metz, but she has been identified with the historical Saint Chrodoara ; finally, the widely-venerated Gertrude of Nivelles, sister of Begga in the Carolingian ancestry, was abbess of a nunnery established by her mother.

To withstand Saxon overlordship Wenceslaus ' father Vratislaus had forged an alliance with the Bavarian duke Arnulf the Bad, then a fierce opponent of King Henry ; however, it became worthless when Arnulf and Henry reconciled at Regensburg in 921.

The turn of events outran the messages, when Hugh captured both Charles and Arnulf and convoked a synod at Reims in June 991 which obediently deposed Arnulf and chose as his successor Gerbert of Aurillac.

Arnulf ( variants include Arnold, Arnoul, Arnoulf ), a Germanic name common in the Middle Ages and rare at present, may refer to:

In 1071 Philip I and Count Arnulf III of Flanders were defeated at St Omer by Robert the Frisian.

The French elected Odo, though he was opposed at first by Guy III of Spoleto, who also opposed Arnulf in Lotharingia.

Arnulf was born to an important Frankish family at an uncertain date around 582.

Arnulf gave distinguished service at the Austrasian court under Theudebert II After the death of Theudebert in 612 he was made bishop of Metz.

Severely injured at one of his fights with Arnulf, Conrad died on 23 December 918 at his residence Weilburg Castle.

At that moment, Arnulf, king of Carinthia, at war with the Slav ruler Svatopluk, king of Great Moravia, decided like the Byzantines to appeal to the Hungarians.

He died 10 September 918 at Blandinberg ( near Ghent ) and was succeeded by his eldest son Arnulf I of Flanders.

Arnulf died on 30 March, 987 at age 26.

The young Arnulf III was killed the next year at the Battle of Cassel ( 1071 ) and Baldwin's younger son eventually became Baldwin II of Hainaut.

During this papacy, a serious dispute arose over the deposition in 991 of Arnulf, Archbishop of Reims, by French churchmen, the Pope's interference leading at first to no definite result.