* Duchy of Limburg ( 1839 – 1867 ), duchy in personal union with the Kingdom of the Netherlands

* Duchy of Limburg ( 1065-1794 ), a state in the Holy Roman Empire

Most of the county's territory became part of an independent Belgium in 1830, and during the 19th and 20th centuries, it became increasingly commonplace to refer to the entire Dutch-speaking and northern part of Belgium as " Flanders ", including the Belgian parts of the Duchy of Brabant and Limburg.

Now, Flanders extends over the northern part of Belgium, including the Belgian parts of the Duchy of Brabant and Limburg.

Under the terms of the Treaty, Luxembourg and the newly formed Duchy of Limburg, both members of the Germanic Confederation, were together required to provide a Federal Contingent distributed among a Light Infantry Battalion garrisoned in Echternach, a Cavalry Squadron in Diekirch, and an Artillery detachment in Ettelbruck.

In 1806, Limburg came into the possession of the newly founded Duchy of Nassau.

In 1866 the Duchy and with it Limburg passed to Prussia in the wake of the Austro-Prussian War.

* Duchy of Limburg ( 1065 – 1794 ), a state in the Holy Roman Empire

The lyrics written in 1841 describe a then – disunited Germany with the river as its western boundary, where King William I of the Netherlands had joined the German Confederation with his Duchy of Limburg in 1839.

* Duchy of Limburg

The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and Duchy of Limburg ( 1839 – 1867 ) | Limburg in 18391, 2 and 3 United Kingdom of the Netherlands ( until 1830 ) 1 and 2 Netherlands | Kingdom of the Netherlands ( after 1830 ) 2 Duchy of Limburg ( 1839 – 1867 ) ( in the German Confederacy after 1839 as compensation for Waals-Luxemburg ) 3 and 4 Belgium | Kingdom of Belgium ( after 1830 ) 4 and 5 Grand Duchy of Luxembourg ( borders until 1830 ) 4 Luxembourg ( province ) | Province of Luxembourg ( Waals-Luxemburg, to Belgium in 1839 ) 5 Grand Duchy of Luxembourg ( German Luxemburg ; borders after 1839 ) In blue, the borders of the German Confederation.

Limburger is a cheese that originated during the 19th century in the historical Duchy of Limburg, which is now divided among modern-day Belgium, Germany, and Netherlands.

Herve cheese is a type of Limburger cheese still produced in the Land of Herve, in the territory of the old Duchy of Limburg.

By the treaty of 1839, Luxembourg did not fully join Belgium, and remained a possession of the Netherlands until different inheritance laws caused it to separate as an independent Grand Duchy.

The number of municipalities was reduced to 2, 508 when the Belgian borders were recognised in 1839 as 124 municipalities were ceded to the Netherlands and another 119 municipalities became the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.

* 1965 – Frank Black, American singer-songwriter ( Pixies, Frank Black and the Catholics, and Grand Duchy )

* 1506 – The Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeated the Crimean Khanate in the Battle of Kletsk

* 1328 – The House of Gonzaga seizes power in the Duchy of Mantua, and will rule until 1708.

Albert of Prussia (; ) ( 17 May 1490 – 20 March 1568 ) was the 37th and last sovereign Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights and, after converting to Lutheranism, the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia, which was the first state to adopt the Lutheran faith and Protestantism as the official state religion.

* 1809 – An Austrian corps is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition.

* 1532 – the Duchy of Brittany is united to the Kingdom of France.

* County, Principality, and Duchy of Anhalt: c. 1100 – 1918

* Duchy and Electorate of Saxony: 1112, 1139 – 1142, 1180 – 1422

* Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg: 1269 – 1689

* Principality and Duchy of Anhalt-Bernburg: 1252 – 1468 and 1603 – 1863

* Principality and Duchy of Anhalt-Köthen: 1396 – 1561 and 1603 – 1847

* Principality and Duchy of Anhalt-Dessau 1396 – 1561 and 1603 – 1863

1309 – 26 May 1339 ) was the Queen of Poland ( 1333 – 1339 ), and the Princess of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

* The Duchy of Brabant, a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire between 1183 – 1648 covering parts of the Netherlands and Belgium, ruled over by the Dukes of Brabant

In 1411, the First Peace of Thorn ended the Polish – Lithuanian – Teutonic War, in which the Teutonic Knights fought the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

* 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau.

Since 1809, the Grand Duchy had benefited from a customs organization, an independent domestic state budget, its own currency ( Finnish markka, since 1860 ) and the industrial progress during 1860 – 1916.

* George Frederick ( 1539 – 1603 ), who became Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach and Regent of the Duchy of Prussia.

Its only major island is Fehmarn, originally a part of the Duchy of Schleswig until 1867.

In 1526, Huedin became part of the Principality of Transylvania and, until 1867, of the Grand Duchy of Transylvania.

postal money order: Duchy of Brunswick, 1867

Appointed by the Duchy of Cornwall, vacant since 1867.

He was the patrilineal ancestor of the line of dukes which ruled Lorraine until 1737 and of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty that ruled Tuscany ( 1737 – 1859 ), the Holy Roman Empire ( 1745 – 1807 ), Austria-Hungary ( 1780 – 1918 ), the Duchy of Parma ( 1814 – 1847 ), Duchy of Modena ( 1815 – 1859 ), and Mexico ( 1864 – 1867 ).

The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and Duchy of Limburg ( 1839 – 1867 ) | Limburg in 18391, 2 and 3 United Kingdom of the Netherlands ( until 1830 ) 1 and 2 Netherlands | Kingdom of the Netherlands ( after 1830 ) 2 Duchy of Limburg ( 1839 – 1867 ) ( in the German Confederacy after 1839 as compensation for Waals-Luxemburg ) 3 and 4 Belgium | Kingdom of Belgium ( after 1830 ) 4 and 5 Grand Duchy of Luxembourg ( borders until 1830 ) 4 Luxembourg ( province ) | Province of Luxembourg ( Waals-Luxemburg, to Belgium in 1839 ) 5 Grand Duchy of Luxembourg ( German Luxemburg ; borders after 1839 ) In blue, the borders of the German Confederation.

It belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary, to the Principality of Transylvania ( 1557 – 1765 ) and the Grand Duchy of Transylvania ( 1765 – 1867 ).

Although Albert has received relatively little recognition in German history, his dissolution of the Teutonic State caused the founding of the Duchy of Prussia ( and also the Hohenzollern dynasty ), which would eventually become arguably the most powerful German state and instrumental in uniting the whole of Germany.

Carl Friedrich Gauss was born on 30 April 1777 in Braunschweig ( Brunswick ), in the Duchy of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, now part of Lower Saxony, Germany, as the son of poor working-class parents.

Upon his death, he left a country doubled in size ( mostly through the addition of land in today's Ukraine, then the Duchy of Halicz ), prosperous, wealthy and with great prospects for the future.

The chief centres of Erasmus's activity were Paris, Leuven ( in the Duchy of Brabant ), England, and Basel ; yet he never belonged firmly in any one of these places.

Within the Prussian empire, western Greater Poland became the Grand Duchy of Posen ( Poznań ), which theoretically held some autonomy.

Following an unrealized uprising in 1846, and the more substantial but still unsuccessul uprising of 1848 ( during the Spring of Nations ), the Grand Duchy was replaced by the Province of Posen.

Peace was settled in the Treaty of Vienna ( 1738 ), according to which France would annex, through inheritance, the Duchy of Lorraine.

When Austria annexed Salzburg under the Treaty of Pressburg ( 1805 ), the Duke of Salzburg moved to the Grand Duchy of Würzburg and retained his electorate.

Most of the region was a part of the Kingdom of Sweden from the 13th century to 1809, when the vast majority of the Finnish-speaking areas of Sweden were ceded to the Russian Empire ( excluding the Finnish-speaking areas of the modern-day Northern Sweden ), making this area the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland.

Between 1511 and 1523, Schwenckfeld served the Duchy of Liegnitz as an adviser to Duke Charles I ( 1511 – 1515 ), Duke George I ( 1515 – 1518 ), and Duke Frederick II ( 1518 – 1523 ).

Many cities were granted the German system of laws ( Magdeburg rights ), with the largest of these being Vilnius, since 1322 the capital of the Grand Duchy.

At the birth of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania ( GDL ), ethnic Lithuanians made up about 70 % of the population.

According to the Peace of Westphalia ( 1648 ), Magdeburg was assigned to Brandenburg-Prussia after the death of the current administrator, August of Saxe-Weissenfels, as the semi-autonomous Duchy of Magdeburg ; this occurred in 1680.

One of his professors was Franz Xaver Heller ( 1775 – 1840 ), author of the (" Flora of the Grand Duchy of Würzburg ", 1810 – 1811 ).

Polish patriots continued to form societies ( such as the Central Economic Society for the Grand Duchy of Poznań ), and a Polish theatre ( Teatr Polski, still functioning ) opened in 1875 ; however the authorities made efforts to Germanize the region, particularly through the Prussian Settlement Commission ( founded 1886 ).

Antonio Ghislieri was born at Bosco in the Duchy of Milan ( now Bosco Marengo in the province of Alessandria, Piedmont ), Italy.

The primary division was between the French and the Imperials ( the followers of the Holy Roman Emperor ), the Imperials wishing to see the Council of Trent reconvened, the French wishing to see it dropped ; a further bone of contention was the Duchy of Parma, for which both the Emperor and the Farnese had claimants.

The most powerful successor state to Kievan Rus ' was the Grand Duchy of Moscow (" Moscovy " in the Western chronicles ), initially a part of Vladimir-Suzdal.