The German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche has been said to have taken nearly all of his political philosophy from Aristotle.

* Nietzsche, Friedrich, Beyond Good and Evil

Friedrich Nietzsche argued that a fusion of the two was most desirable.

Friedrich Nietzsche, although himself dismissive of Buddhism as yet another nihilism, developed his philosophy of accepting life-as-it-exists and self-cultivation, which is extremely similar to Buddhism as better understood in the West.

Other utilitarian-type views include the claims that the end of action is survival and growth, as in evolutionary ethics ( the 19th-century English philosopher Herbert Spencer ); the experience of power, as in despotism ( the 16th-century Italian political philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli and the 19th-century German Friedrich Nietzsche ); satisfaction and adjustment, as in pragmatism ( 20th-century American philosophers Ralph Barton Perry and John Dewey ); and freedom, as in existentialism ( the 20th-century French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre ).

Friedrich Nietzsche criticized the phrase in that it presupposes that there is an " I ", that there is such an activity as " thinking ", and that " I " know what " thinking " is.

* The Antichrist ( 1895 ) by Friedrich Nietzsche Af.

* Beyond Good and Evil ( 1886 ) by Friedrich Nietzsche Af.

In philosophy, the term critical theory describes the neo-Marxist philosophy of the Frankfurt School, developed in Europe in the 1930s, that engaged the works of intellectuals such as Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud.

Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche suggested that egoistic or " life-affirming " behavior stimulates jealousy or " ressentiment " in others, and that this is the psychological motive for the altruism in Christianity.

* Nietzsche, Friedrich, 1886, Beyond Good and Evil.

File: Nietzsche-munch. jpg | Portrait of Friedrich Nietzsche ( 1906 )

August Wilhelm's Vienna lectures on dramatic art and literature went through four editions between 1809 and 1846 and, in them, he opined that Euripides " not only destroyed the external order of tragedy but missed its entire meaning ," a view that came to influence Friedrich Nietzsche, who however seems not to have known the Euripidean plays at all well.

Epicurus was also a significant source of inspiration and interest for both Arthur Schopenhauer, having particular influence on the famous pessimist's views on suffering and death, as well as one of Schopenhauer's successors: Friedrich Nietzsche.

Friedrich Nietzsche considered that " A witticism is an epigram on the death of a feeling ," in Human, All Too Human.

# REDIRECT Friedrich Nietzsche

# REDIRECT Friedrich Nietzsche

The fin-de-siècle outlook was influenced by various intellectual developments, including Darwinian biology ; Wagnerian aesthetics ; Arthur de Gobineau's racialism ; Gustave Le Bon's psychology ; and the philosophies of Friedrich Nietzsche, Fyodor Dostoyevsky and Henri Bergson.

* Friedrich Nietzsche: Philosopher of Culture.

This school is associated with the names of Novalis, August Wilhelm Schlegel, Friedrich Schlegel and Nietzsche.

The German title of the book by Friedrich Nietzsche Twilight of the Idols, written in 1888 and published in 1889, is Götzen-Dämmerung, a pun on the title of Wagner's opera.

Philosophers who have criticized the concept of human rights include Jeremy Bentham, Edmund Burke, Friedrich Nietzsche and Karl Marx.

The Ego and Its Own by Max StirnerIn Russia, individualist anarchism inspired by Stirner combined with an appreciation for Friedrich Nietzsche attracted a small following of bohemian artists and intellectuals such as Lev Chernyi, as well as a few lone wolves who found self-expression in crime and violence.

The thought of German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche has been influential in individualist anarchism specifically in thinkers such as the French Émile Armand, the Italian Renzo Novatore, the Colombian Biofilo Panclasta, and also " translations of Nietzsche's writings in the United States very likely appeared first in Liberty, the anarchist journal edited by Benjamin Tucker ".

Another influence was the thought of German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche.

However, several of his students became influential mathematicians, among them Richard Dedekind, Bernhard Riemann, and Friedrich Bessel.

His two most influential teachers, Friedrich Gundolf and his doctoral supervisor at Heidelberg, Max Freiherr von Waldberg, were Jews.

The influential Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, published in 1848, asserted that all human history is the history of class struggle.

Karl Marx and his theory of Communism developed along with Friedrich Engels proved to be one of the most influential political ideologies of the 20th century through Leninism. The industrial revolution produced a parallel revolution in political thought.

In the most influential of all economic theories on socialist thought, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels argued that socialism would emerge out of historical necessity as capitalism rendered itself obsolete and unsustainable from increasing internal contradictions emerging from the development of the productive forces and technology.

Tractatus was influential chiefly amongst the logical positivists of the Vienna Circle, such as Rudolf Carnap and Friedrich Waismann.

He had become increasingly interested in socialism and Marxism, reading the works of the prominent Marxist theoreticians Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, as well as the works of philosopher G. W. F. Hegel, whose ideas on dialectical materialism had been hugely influential on Marxist theory.

Friedrich Wilhelm " F. W ." Murnau ( born Friedrich Wilhelm Plumpe ; December 28, 1888 – March 11, 1931 ) was one of the most influential German film directors of the silent era, and a prominent figure in the expressionist movement in German cinema during the 1920s.

Another influential philosopher writing on fine art was Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, who emphasized the idea of the artist belonging to the spirit of his time, or zeitgeist.

His lectures on the history of the Industrial Revolution in 18th and 19th century Britain proved widely influential ; in fact, Toynbee coined, or at least effectively popularised, the term " Industrial Revolution " in the Anglophone world — in Germany and elsewhere it had been brought into circulation earlier by Friedrich Engels, also under the impression of the industrial changes in Britain.

Friedrich Gilly's unexecuted design for a temple raised above the Leipziger Platz caught the tenor of high idealism that the Germans sought in Greek architecture and was enormously influential on Karl Friedrich Schinkel and Leo von Klenze.

Friedrich Carl von Savigny ( 21 February 1779 – 25 October 1861 ) was one of the most respected and influential 19th-century jurists and historians.

* Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, influential German naturalist, doctor, comparative anatomist and physiologist

The year involved the deaths of at least several highly prominent writers, including among them the following: The late poet Oscar Wilde ( a " celebrity " poet in late-19th century western European society ), the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche ( critical and acclaimed philologist of Weimar Classicism and one of the most famous German thinkers ), the English poet Ernest Dowson ( marking the death of one of the last notable poets of the Decadent movement ), John Ruskin ( one of the most important historical art critics and an influential essayist ), Francišak Bahuševič ( a literary pioneer of New Belarusian literature ), Stephen Crane, R. D. Blackmore and José Maria de Eça de Queiroz, often considered the greatest Portuguese writer in the realist style.

Appropriate technology is an ideological movement ( and its manifestations ) originally articulated as " intermediate technology " by the economist Dr. Ernst Friedrich " Fritz " Schumacher in his influential work, Small is Beautiful.

The party's first leader of the Protestant parish priest Friedrich Naumann who was popular and influential but failed with his Nationalsozialer Verein ten years earlier to link progressive intellctuals with the worker's class.

A concert in Leipzig in December 1804 brought the influential music critic Friedrich Rochlitz " to his knees ," not only because of Spohr's playing but also because of his compositions.

Du Bois and European unifier Robert Schuman, as well as the influential surgeon Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach in the early half of the 1800s.

Based on Anne Catherine's growing reputation, during her life a number of figures who were influential in the renewal movement of the Church early in the 19th century came to visit her, among them Clemens von Vischering, the Archbishop of Cologne, Johann Michael Sailer, the Bishop of Ratisbon, Bernhard Overberg and authors Luise Hensel and Friedrich Stolberg.

Ernst Friedrich " Fritz " Schumacher ( 16 August 1911 – 4 September 1977 ) was an internationally influential economic thinker, statistician and economist in Britain, serving as Chief Economic Advisor to the UK National Coal Board for two decades.

Early influential scholars included Friedrich Max Müller, in England, and Cornelius P. Tiele, in the Netherlands.