* Friedrich Nietzsche: Philosopher of Culture.

After the burning of the Tuileries Palace on May 23, 1871, Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche himself meditated about the " fight against culture ", wondering what could justify culture if it were to be destroyed in such a " senseless " manner ( the arguments are: culture is justified by works of art and scientific achievements ; exploitation is necessary to those achievements, leading to the creation of exploited people who then fight against culture.

* Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche in The Antichrist ( 1895 ) and The Will to Power ( 1901 ):

* Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche argued that kindness and love are the " most curative herbs and agents in human intercourse ".

Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche in 1875.

* Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, ( August 27, 1770 – November 14, 1831 ) German Philosopher.

Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche was born there in 1844, and the house where he was born still exists.

Nietzsche: Philosopher, Psychologist, Antichrist.

* Kaufmann, Walter A. Nietzsche: Philosopher, Psychologist, Antichrist.

* Danto, Arthur, Nietzsche as Philosopher, Macmillan, 1965

* Danto, Arthur, Nietzsche as Philosopher, Macmillan, 1965

* Kaufmann, Walter, Nietzsche: Philosopher, Psychologist, Antichrist, Princeton University Press, 1974, ISBN 0-691-01983-5

* Kaufmann, Walter, Nietzsche: Philosopher, Psychologist, Antichrist, Princeton University Press, 1974.

) Philosopher Simon Blackburn wrote a rejoinder to Stove, though a subsequent essay by Stove's protegee James Franklin's suggested that Blackburn's response actually " confirms Stove's central thesis that Darwinism can ' explain ' anything.

Philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer argued that concepts are " mere abstractions from what is known through intuitive perception, and they have arisen from our arbitrarily thinking away or dropping of some qualities and our retention of others.

Philosopher Mary Midgley, among others, argues that materialism is a self-refuting idea, at least in its eliminative form.

Philosopher John Kekes makes a similar point in his book The Art of Politics: The New Betrayal of America and How to Resist It in which he suggests that there is a danger to elevating any one particular political good – including equality of opportunity – without balancing competing goods such as justice, property rights, and others.

Philosopher Ian Shapiro says that labor markets affirm self-ownership, because if self-ownership were not recognized then people would not be allowed to sell the use of their productive capacities to others.

" Philosopher and theologian Keith Ward, among others, pointed out that, under the ransom view, not only was God a debtor but a deceiver as well, since God only pretended to pay the debt.

Aristotle is referred to as " The Philosopher " by Scholastic thinkers such as Thomas Aquinas.

Philosopher G. H. R. Parkinson notes a common objection to Kant's argument: that what ought to be done does not necessarily entail that it is possible.

In response to Hobbes, the French Philosopher Rene Descartes ( 1596 – 1650 ) developed Cartesian Dualism, which posits that there is a divisible, mechanical body and an indivisible, immaterial mind which interact with one another.

Naturalistic dualism comes from Australian Philosopher, David Chalmers ( born 1966 ) who argues there is an explanatory gap between objective and subjective experience that cannot be bridged by reductionism because consciousness is, at least, logically autonomous of the physical properties upon which it supervenes.

Galen saw himself as both a physician and a philosopher, as he wrote in his treatise entitled That the Best Physician is also a Philosopher.

Galen was concerned to combine philosophical thought with medical practice, as in his brief work That the Best Physician is also a Philosopher.

Philosopher Albert Meltzer proposed that individualist anarchism differs radically from revolutionary anarchism, and that it " is sometimes too readily conceded ' that this is, after all, anarchism '.

Philosopher George Bernard Shaw initially had flirtations with individualist anarchism before coming to the conclusion that it was " the negation of socialism, and is, in fact, unsocialism carried as near to its logical conclusion as any sane man dare carry it.

Philosopher s of law ask " what is law?

Also of note is the work of the contemporary Philosopher of Law Ronald Dworkin who has advocated a constructivist theory of jurisprudence that can be characterized as a middle path between natural law theories and positivist theories of general jurisprudence.

Philosopher Gottfried Leibniz said that love is " to be delighted by the happiness of another.

Philosopher Robert Nozick argues that Rand's foundational argument in ethics is unsound because she does not explain why someone could not rationally prefer dying and having no values.

Philosopher Kim Sterelny adds, " In claiming that species typically undergo no further evolutionary change once speciation is complete, they are not claiming that there is no change at all between one generation and the next.

Philosopher Igor Primoratz provides four reasons why he believes that state terrorism is typically morally worse than non-state terrorism.

Philosopher Stephen Maitzen has called this the " Heaven Swamps Everything " theodicy, and argues that it is false because it conflates compensation and justification.

* 427 BC: Philosopher Plato is born

* Philosopher Tommaso Campanella organizes an uprising in Calabria against the rule of the Spanish viceroy ; he is captured, tortured and sentenced to 27 years in jail.

Philosopher Max Stirner, in his book The Ego and Its Own, was the first philosopher to call himself an egoist, though his writing makes clear that he desired not a new idea of morality ( ethical egoism ), but rather a rejection of morality ( amoralism ), as a nonexistent and limiting “ spook ”; for this, Stirner has been described as the first individualist anarchist.

From the lonely life he led, and still more from the riddling nature of his philosophy and his contempt for humankind in general, he was called " The Obscure " and the " Weeping Philosopher ".

Philosopher Murray Bookchin criticized individualist anarchism for its opposition to democracy and its embrace of " lifestylism " at the expense of class struggle.

Philosopher John Deely has argued for the contentious claim that the label " postmodern " for thinkers such as Derrida et al.

Philosopher of chemistry Jaap Brakel defines protoscience as " the study of normative criteria for the use of experimental technology in science.

Philosopher and mathematician famous for developing the theory of subjective idealism.

The word for a heretic in the Talmudic literature is " Apiqoros " ( אפיקורוס ), and Epicurus is titled in Modern Greek idiom as the " Dark Philosopher ".

In the essay " Henry David Thoreau, Philosopher " Roderick Nash writes: " Thoreau left Concord in 1846 for the first of three trips to northern Maine.

Philosopher Philip Stokes of the University of Reading noted that overall, Foucault's work was " dark and pessimistic ", but that it did leave some room for optimism, in that it illustrates how the discipline of philosophy can be used to highlight areas of domination.

From 9th to 11th Philosopher level, the student is expected to understand the mental, and spiritual, elements of the style, and should contribute back to the style by searching for weaknesses and suggesting improvements in teaching methods, techniques, and drills.

Khayyam, for example, tried to derive it from an equivalent postulate he formulated from " the principles of the Philosopher " ( Aristotle ): " Two convergent straight lines intersect and it is impossible for two convergent straight lines to diverge in the direction in which they converge.

# Will the Philosopher Prosecute Anyone for Personal Injury?

# What means of Livelihood is Appropriate for a Philosopher?

Philosopher Robert Todd Carroll suggests the following criteria for a topic to warrant the term pseudohistory:

He complained of this assessment in his " Mathematicall Praeface ": " And for these, and such like marvellous Actes and Feates, Naturally, and Mechanically, wrought and contrived: ought any honest Student and Modest Christian Philosopher, be counted, & called a Conjurer?

Philosopher Allan Bloom, a student of Leo Strauss, criticized Rawls for failing to account for the existence of natural right in his theory of justice, and wrote that Rawls absolutizes social union as the ultimate goal which would conventionalize everything into artifice.

The city also constituted an important intellectual center for a time during the Ottoman domination ( 1543-1854 ) with the Trikke School ( and later Greek School ), where famous intellectuals of the time, such as Dionysios the Philosopher, taught.

* --------, 2007, " The Last Mathematician from Hilbert's Göttingen: Saunders Mac Lane as Philosopher of Mathematics ,", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 58 ( 1 ): 77 – 112.

Philosopher John Rawls concludes in A Theory of Justice that a just society must tolerate the intolerant, for otherwise, the society would then itself be intolerant, and thus unjust.

* Philosopher, sociologist and economic historian Karl Marx lived at Lee for a short period during the 19th century

As the ' hub ' of the Logical Positivist circle, Moritz Schlick put it in an article entitled ' Unanswerable Questions ' for the journal The Philosopher: