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Hebrew and language
Its widespread usage led to the gradual adoption of the Aramaic alphabet for writing the Hebrew language.
Today, Biblical Aramaic, Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects and the Aramaic language of the Talmud are written in the Hebrew alphabet.
He heard a voice in the Hebrew language ( probably Aramaic ): " Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me?
This attempted to prove that Sweden was Atlantis, the cradle of civilization, and Swedish the original language of Adam from which Latin and Hebrew had evolved.
Thus, Abulafia in the 13th century assumed that the language spoken in Paradise had been different from Hebrew, and rejected the claim then current also among Christian authors, that a child left unexposed to linguistic stimulus would automatically begin to speak in Hebrew.
This had the consequence that it could not any longer be regarded immutable, and hence Hebrew could not be regarded as identical with the language of Paradise.
Dante concludes ( Paradiso XXVI ) that Hebrew is a derivative of the language of Adam.
In this noble prayer are evinced profound religious feeling and exalted thought, as well as ability to use the Hebrew language in a natural, expressive, and classical manner ( Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah i. 57a ).
He learned Greek himself in order to become useful to his people and Shimon, then under the Roman proconsuls, that language having become, to a considerable extent, the rival of the Hebrew even in prayer ( Yer.
This comes from the use of the word " Hebrew " to designate a people instead of a language: the Hebrew Bible is the Bible of the Hebrew people.
Contrary to the above, the Expositor's Bible Commentary ( Zondervan, 1990 ) says that the language of Daniel, in comparison with the Hebrew and Aramaic texts of the Hellenistic period, " prove quite conclusively to any scholar that the second-century date and Palestinian provenance of the Book of Daniel cannot be upheld any longer without violence being done to the science of linguistics.
The Hebrew language has no capital letters.
Its principal founder was Rabbi Zecharias Frankel, who had broken with the German Reform Judaism in 1845 over its rejection of the primacy of the Hebrew language in Jewish prayer and the rejection of the laws of kashrut.
In the 9th or 10th century, Yehuda Ibn Quraysh compared the phonology and morphology of Hebrew, Aramaic, and Arabic, but attributed this resemblance to the Biblical story of Babel, with Abraham, Isaac and Joseph retaining Adam's language, with other languages at various removes becoming more altered from the original Hebrew.
In Lebanon, the right-wing Guardians of the Cedars, a fiercely nationalistic ( mainly Christian ) political party which opposes the country's ties to the Arab world, is agitating for " Lebanese " to be recognized as a distinct language from Arabic and not merely a dialect, and has even advocated replacing the Arabic alphabet with a revival of the ancient Phoenician alphabet, which lacks a number of characters to write typical Arabic phonemes present in Lebanese, and lost by Phoenician ( and Hebrew ) in the second millennium BC.
Epoch ), a Hebrew language newspaper published in 1862 and 1874 – 1931
Among the arguments scholars give for a later dating of the book are language and style ( i. e. the vocabulary and syntax as compared to the late Hebrew and Aramaic, which suggest that the book should be dated later ).
The Hebrew Bible used poetic language consistent with that of the ancient Middle Eastern cosmology, such as in the Enuma Elish, which described a circular earth with a solid roof, surrounded by water above and below, as illustrated by references to the " foundations of the earth " and the " circle of the earth " in the following examples:
The word emet ( אמת, " truth " in the Hebrew language ) written on a golem's forehead is one such example.
An excerpt from Sefer Raziel HaMalakh, featuring various magical Sigil ( magic ) | sigils ( or סגולות, seguloth, in Hebrew language | Hebrew ).

Hebrew and alphabet
They feature many letters that appear to have been borrowed from or influenced by the Greek alphabet and the Hebrew alphabet.
The Arabic alphabet, Hebrew alphabet, Syriac alphabet, and other abjads of the Middle East are developments of the Aramaic alphabet, but because these writing systems are largely consonant-based they are often not considered true alphabets.
Alphabets: < span style =" background-color: lightblue ; color: white ;"> Armenian alphabet | Armenian </ span >, < span style =" background-color :# 008080 ; color: white ;"> Cyrillic | < font color =" white "> Cyrillic </ font color > </ span >, < span style =" background-color: brown ; color: white ;"> Georgian alphabet | < font color =" white "> Georgian </ font color > </ span >, < span style =" background-color :# 0000FF ; color: white ;"> Greek alphabet | < font color =" white "> Greek </ font color > </ span >, < span style =" background-color :# AAAAAA ; color: black ;"> Latin script | Latin </ span >, < span style =" background-color :# CCFF99 ; color: black ;"> Latin ( and Arabic script | Arabic ) </ span >, < span style =" background-color: cyan ; color: black ;"> Latin and Cyrillic </ span > Abjads: Arabic script | < span style =" background-color: green ; color: white ;"> Arabic </ span >, < span style =" background-color :# 00ff7f ; color: black ;"> Hebrew alphabet | Hebrew </ span > Abugidas: < span style =" background-color :# FFC000 ; color: black ;"> Indic scripts | North Indic </ span >, < span style =" background-color: orange ; color: black ;"> Indic scripts | South Indic </ span >, < span style =" background-color :# 66FF00 ; color: white ;"> Ge ' ez script | Ge ' ez </ span >, < span style =" background-color: olive ; color: white ;"> < font color =" white "> Tāna </ font > </ span >, < span style =" background-color :# FFFF80 ; color: black ;"> Canadian Aboriginal syllabics | Canadian Syllabic and Latin </ span > Logographic + syllabic: < span style =" background-color: red ; color: white ;"> Pure logographic </ span >, < span style =" background-color :# DC143C ; color: white ;"> Mixed logographic and syllabaries </ span >, < span style =" background-color :# FF00FF ; color: black ;"> Featural-alphabetic syllabary + limited logographic </ span >, < span style =" background-color :# 800080 ; color: white ;"> Featural-alphabetic syllabary </ span >
The earliest known alphabet in the wider sense is the Wadi el-Hol script, believed to be an abjad, which through its successor Phoenician is the ancestor of modern alphabets, including Arabic, Greek, Latin ( via the Old Italic alphabet ), Cyrillic ( via the Greek alphabet ) and Hebrew ( via Aramaic ).
Among the scripts in modern use, the Hebrew alphabet bears the closest relation to the Imperial Aramaic script of the 5th century BCE, with an identical letter inventory and, for the most part, nearly identical letter shapes.
Formerly, Hebrew had been written using an alphabet closer in form to that of Phoenician ( the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet ).
The Hebrew and Nabataean alphabets, as they stood by the Roman era, were little changed in style from the Imperial Aramaic alphabet.
At this time, knowledge of the numerals was still widely seen as esoteric, and Talhoffer presents them with the Hebrew alphabet and astrology.
* The original order (), used for lettering, derives from the order of the Phoenician alphabet, and is therefore similar to the order of other Phoenician-derived alphabets, such as the Hebrew alphabet.

Hebrew and pronunciation
" William F. Albright notes the pronunciation of the name remained essentially the same for 3, 500 years, but has meant different things: "' Temple of the God Lakhmu ' in Canaanite, ' House of Bread ' in Hebrew and Aramaic, ' House of Flesh ' in Arabic.
Hebrew has always been used as the language of prayer and study, and the following pronunciation systems are found.
Sephardi Hebrew is the traditional pronunciation of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews and Sephardi Jews in the countries of the former Ottoman Empire.
This pronunciation, in the form used by the Jerusalem Sephardic community, is the basis of the Hebrew phonology of Israeli native speakers.
Many synagogues in the diaspora, even though Ashkenazi by rite and by ethnic composition, have adopted the " Sephardic " pronunciation in deference to Israeli Hebrew.
* Hebrew ( pronunciation ); Biblical Hebrew Phonology or Modern Hebrew phonology
In the 10th century, Aaron ben Moses ben Asher refined the Tiberian vocalization, an extinct pronunciation of the Hebrew Bible.
** Sephardi Hebrew pronunciation used by Jews of Spain and Portugal
** Yemenite Hebrew pronunciation ( Temani Hebrew ) used by Jews of Yemen
** Ashkenazi Hebrew pronunciation used by Jews of Germany
Halakha () ( Sephardic Hebrew pronunciation ) ( ha-la-chAH )— also transliterated Halocho ( Ashkenazic Hebrew pronunciation ) ( ha-LUH-chuh ), or Halacha — is the collective body of religious laws for Jews, including biblical law ( the 613 mitzvot ) and later talmudic and rabbinic law, as well as customs and traditions.
Tzitzit ( Hebrew: צ ִ יצי ִ ת ) ( Ashkenazi pronunciation: tzitzis ) are special knotted " fringes " or " tassels " found on the four corners of the tallit ( Hebrew: ט ַ ל ִּ ית ) ( Ashkenazi pronunciation: tallis ), or prayer shawl.
Food that may be consumed according to halakha ( Jewish law ) is termed kosher in English, from the Ashkenazi pronunciation of the Hebrew term kashér (), meaning " fit " ( in this context, fit for consumption ).
In the 800's, it was decided that the system of matres lectionis did not suffice to indicate the vowels precisely enough, so a supplemental vowel pointing systems ( niqqud ) ( diacritic symbols indicating vowel pronunciation and other important phonological features not written by the traditional basic consonantal orthography ) joined matres lectionis as part of the Hebrew writing system.
( However, a silent aleph — indicating an original glottal stop consonant sound which has become silent in Hebrew pronunciation — can occur after almost any vowel.

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