* June – James Nasmyth patents the steam hammer in the United Kingdom.

James Nasmyth had been working on a similar idea for some time prior to this.

He then moved to London where he found employment working for Henry Maudslay, the inventor of the screw-cutting lathe, alongside such people as James Nasmyth ( inventor of the steam hammer ) and Richard Roberts.

James Hall Nasmyth ( sometimes spelled Naesmyth, Nasmith, or Nesmyth ) ( 19 August 1808 – 7 May 1890 ) was a Scottish engineer and inventor famous for his development of the steam hammer.

His father Alexander Nasmyth was a landscape and portrait painter in Edinburgh, where James was born.

James Nasmyth circa 1844 by Hill & Adamson.

By 1856 a total of 490 hammers had been produced which were sold across Europe to Russia, India and even Australia, and accounted for 40 % of James Nasmyth and Company's revenues.

The milling machine built by James Nasmyth between 1829 and 1831, with indexing fixture.

In memory of his renowned contribution to the discipline of mechanical engineering, the Department of Mechanical Engineering building at Heriot-Watt University, in his birthplace of Edinburgh, is called the James Nasmyth Building.

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A misunderstanding persisted for many years that James Nasmyth had claimed that Maudslay was the original inventor of the slide rest.

Many outstanding engineers trained in his workshop, including Richard Roberts, David Napier, Joseph Clement, Sir Joseph Whitworth, James Nasmyth ( inventor of the steam hammer ), Joshua Field and William Muir.

Others, such as Henry Maudslay, James Nasmyth, and Joseph Whitworth, soon followed the path of expanding their entrepreneurship from manufactured end products and millwright work into the realm of building machine tools for sale.

Nasmyth also taught painting outside his own family and " instilled a whole generation with the importance of drawing as a tool of empirical investigation "; it was probably from him that John James Ruskin ( father of John Ruskin ) learned to paint as a schoolboy in Edinburgh in the later 1790s.

His youngest son, James Nasmyth, was the well-known inventor of the steam hammer ; and his daughter Elizabeth married the actor Daniel Terry, then as a widow Charles Richardson.

** For an account of the Nasmyth family see James Nasmyth ’ s Autobiography ( 1883 ) online version

Roe ( 1916 ) credits James Nasmyth with the invention of the shaper in 1836.

* James Nasmyth invents the shaper.

** Aliens ( film ), a 1986 sequel by James Cameron

* James Atlas ( born 1949 ), is a founding editor of the Lipper / Viking Penguin Lives Series

The contemporary historian James W. Loewen agrees with the oral traditions in his book, Lies Across America: What Our Historic Markers and Monuments Get Wrong ( 1999 ), but there is not a consensus within the professional academic community.

Thus in 1285 he declared war on his uncle, James II of Majorca, and conquered both Majorca ( 1285 ) and Ibiza ( 1286 ), effectively reassuming suzerainty over the Kingdom of Majorca.

After being widowed in 1327, Alfonso married in February 1329 Eleanor of Castile ( 1308 – 1359 ), who was betrothed to his brother James, who had refused to consummate the marriage.

* Constance ( 1318 – 1346 ), married in 1336 to James III of Majorca.

* James I, Count of Urgell ( 1321 – 1347 ), also inherited Entença and Antillon.

* Violant of Hungary or Yolanda ( c. 1215 – 12 October 1251 ), wife of King James I of Aragon

In addition to Triumphant Democracy ( 1886 ), and The Gospel of Wealth ( 1889 ), he also wrote An American Four-in-hand in Britain ( 1883 ), Round the World ( 1884 ), The Empire of Business ( 1902 ), The Secret of Business is the Management of Men ( 1903 ), James Watt ( 1905 ) in the Famous Scots Series, Problems of Today ( 1907 ), and his posthumously published autobiography Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie ( 1920 ).

* Ron James ( comedian ), Canadian Comedian

James Avery Hopwood ( May 28, 1882-July 1, 1928 ), was the most successful playwright of the Jazz Age, having four plays running simultaneously on Broadway in 1920.

Still, Thomson's model ( along with a similar Saturnian ring model for atomic electrons, also put forward in 1904 by Nagaoka after James Clerk Maxwell's model of Saturn's rings ), were earlier harbingers of the later and more successful solar-system-like Bohr model of the atom.

James Lind's anemometer of 1775 consisted simply of a glass U tube containing a liquid manometer ( pressure gauge ), with one end bent in a horizontal direction to face the wind and the other vertical end remains parallel to the wind flow.

* Brink, C. O. Lutterworth. com, English Classical Scholarship: Historical Reflections on Bentley, Porson and Housman, James Clarke & Co ( 2009 ), ISBN 978-0-227-17299-5.

Gabriele and Teresa had nine children: Alphonse " Scarface Al " Capone, James Capone ( also known as Richard Two-Gun Hart ), Raffaele Capone ( also known as Ralph " Bottles " Capone, who took charge of his brother's beverage industry ), Salvatore " Frank " Capone, John Capone, Albert Capone, Matthew Capone, Rose Capone, and Mafalda Capone ( who married John J. Maritote ).

Birger A. Pearson and James E. Goehring ( 1986 ), 204-215.

* John James Maximilian Oertel ( 1811 – 1882 ), born in Ansbach, was a Lutheran clergyman who later converted to Roman Catholicism, became a professor of German at Fordham University in the United States, and later edited and founded several newspapers in the United States, including one that would become the leading German-language newspaper in the county, Baltimore's Kirchenzeitung.

His siblings included Sarah ( 1802 – 1859 ), Naphtali ( 1807 ), Ralph ( 1809 – 1898 ), and James ( 1813 – 1868 ).